Gutotezwa, guhohoterwa, kwihishahisha bahunga umutekano muke w�aho batuye, byanarimba bamwe bakicwa! Ibi ni bimwe mu byibasiye, bikinibasira abatangabuhamya b�Urukiko mpanabyaha mpuzamahanga rwashyriweho u Rwanda (TPIR/IRMCT), nyamara na n�ubu ruracyafite mu nshingano umutekano wabo. Ese ubundi, i Arusha muri Tanzania, ko baba batanze ubuhamya bwabo amazina n�isura byabo bihishwe rubanda, bamenyekana bate? Ibyo byose bibazwe nde, Leta y�u Rwanda cyangwa ruriya rukiko rwa LONI?
�Muri ruhurura harimo umuntu wapfuye�Hari umuntu wishwe muri ruhurura!� Mu gitondo cy�icyumweru cya mbere cya Nyakanga 2014, Umudugudu wa Shema w�i Nyamirambo, Kigali, wakangukiye kuri iyi induru. Muri iyo ruhurura ya hafi metero 8 z�ubujyakuzimu, telefoni iravuga ubutitsa, ntiyitabwe. Uwakayitabye, ntanyeganyega. Yambaye ipatalo n�ijaketi bya siporo n�umupira byose by�ubururu, isura yangiritse, ku buryo nta n�umwe, mu mbaga yahuruye, ushoboye kumumenya. Mu mufuka w�ipatalo ye, telefoni ikomeje gutaka nk�aho uhamagara na we byamuyobeye. � Urashaka uwitwa nde?�.
Mu gusubiranya mu magambo make n�uwo muntu uhamagara, umupolisi akebuka rubanda, maze atunga urutoki umurambo, ati � muri mwe hari uzi Ntaganda Yozefu ? � Abari aho bose ngo ce! Barongorerana, barabazanya, bucece� Bike bitangira kumenyekana. Yari atuye mu mudugudu wa Gatare uri hirya aha gato! Yacitse ku icumu rya jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, akomoka i Nyanza mu majyepfo. Abyina mu itorero ejo ryari ryaserutse. Ejo nimugoroba hari abamubonye mu tubari dutandukanye asangira n�abandi bantu!
Ibintu byorohejwe cyane! Ni uko inkuru y� � umusinzi waguye muri ruhurura, agapfa �, birangiye ari yo isa n�ihawe intebe. Ubanza n�abapolisi baje batabaye ari ko babifata! Hatitawe ku maraso ari hirya gato ya ruhurura, n�andi agaragara kuri twa dupapuro bihanaguza (papier mouchoir) twafashwe n�uduti twameze muri ruhurura, hejuru y�umurambo, bitigeze bisuzumwa.
Nyamara, nyuma y�imyaka 5, umutangabuhamya wa TPIR wiswe TX kubera impamvu z�umutekano, wemeza ko yahunze akava muri Kigali nyuma y�urupfu rwa Ntaganda, avuga nta shiti ko � ubu Ntaganda aba akiriho, iyo atajya Arusha! Mu bantu bose bashinje Rutaganda George, ni we nanjye twari dusigaye! �. Ku bwe, Ntaganda Yozefu ni umwe mu batangabuhamya ba TPIR bishwe, bagaragara no ku rutonde rwo hambere rwa Ibuka, umuryango uharanira inyungu z�abacitse ku icumu rya jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. Nk�uko na none bivugwa na IBUKA, ngo hagati y�umwaka wa 2002 na 2014 hishwe abacitse ku icumu rya jenoside bagera ku 168, biganjemo abatangabuhamya b�inkiko gacaca na TPIR.
� Umutangabuhamya urindiwe umutekano �?
� Kanamugire Innocent yiciwe mu Cyahafi avuye Arusha; Aminadabu wakoreraga mu Gakinjiro yishwe yitegura kujya gutanga ubuhamya ; ku Kicukiro abatangabuhamya babiri bishwe bakaswe imitwe bakiva Arusha, ... �. Kimwe na Ntaganda Yozefu uvugwa n�uriya mutangabuhamya, kimwe n�abandi atibuka, aba na bo TX abahurizaho na Ibuka n�abandi, nk� abatangabuhamya bishwe kubera ubuhamya bwabo. Bose kandi ngo bahuriye ku kuba barashinjaga uwitwa Rutaganda George, waguye muri gereza kuri 11 Ukwakira 2010 mu gihugu cya Benin, nyuma yo gukatirwa igifungo cya burundu n�urukiko rwa TPIR. Nk�umucuruzi wari ukomeye mu mujyi wa Kigali, uyu mugabo wari Visi-Perezida w�Interahamwe ku rwego rw�igihugu ni n�umwe mu bashinze Radio-Televiziyo RTLM. Ku bantu bamushinje, umutangabuhamya TX asanga � bigoye gucika umuntu nk�uyu wari ufite umuryango mugari n�inshuti basigaye mu Rwanda �.
Nyakwigendera Ntaganda na bagenzi be bari mu batangabuhamya bagera ku 3400 bafashije urukiko rwa TPIR gucira imanza abakekwagaho kuba ku isonga mu gukora icyaha cya jenoside n�ibindi byaha byibasiye inyokomuntu, hagati ya Mata na Nyakanga 1994. By�umwihariko ariko, bari mu bagera kuri 84% bahisemo gutanga ubuhamya bwabo ari � abatangabuhamya barindiwe umutekano �.
Bwana Ousman Njikam, ushinzwe imikoranire n�inzego zo hanze muri IRMCT, urwego rwasimbuye TPIR, asobanura ko hashingiwe ku ngingo ya 20 y�amategeko agenga urwego IRMCT, uru rwego rufite inshingano zo kurindira umutekano abatangabuhamya kuva � bakimara kwandikwa n�uru rwego �, kugeza igihe bizahindurirwa n�inzego zibifitiye ububasha. Uyu mukozi wa LONI asobanura kandi ko hari ingamba zifatika zo kurindira umutekano �umutangabuhamya urindiwe umutekano�. Mu gihe cy�iburanisha, harimo � kudatangaza umwirondoro w�umutangabuhamya, kuburanishiriza mu muhezo, gukoresha amazina y�amahimbano n�ibindi�. Naho, hanze y�urukiko, � iyo bibaye ngombwa �, izo ngamba zibamo � kwimura abatangabuhamya by�agateganyo, cyangwa ku buryo bwa burundu�, igihe cyose bisabwe na rumwe mu nzego z�ababuranyi cyangwa se abatangabuhamya ubwabo.
Nyamara, mu Ukwakira 2002, Impuzamashyirahamwe y�amashyirahamwe y�uburenganzira bwa muntu ku isi (FIDH) yanenze ubwo buryo bwo gucungira umutekano abatangabuhamya ba TPIR. Isanga ntacyo bivuze kubarinda gusa �amaso y�itangazamakuru na rubanda�, mu gihe baba bazwi neza n�impande zose z�ababuranyi. Bityo ngo ibyitwa ibanga ku batangabuhamya, usanga ari �ku magambo� kandi �bitanga umutekano wa nyirarureshwa�.
Abatangabuhamya barahura n’ingaruka z’ubuhamya batanze
�Ndacyari ku muhunda w�icumu!�
Ku cyumweru, taliki ya 01 Nzeri 2019, ku Kamonyi, mu muryango w�umutangabuhamya WX uri mu mudugudu wa Nyamugari witiriwe TPIR, ni amarira n�imiborogo. Umukazana wa WX wari ubyaye uburiza yapfuye amarabira mu buryo budasobanutse. Ku burwayi ngo yari amaranye iminsi 3 gusa. Ataka cyane n�agahinda kenshi, umutangabuhamya WX, ugereka uru rupfu ku basanzwe bamuhiga, agira ati �turaturanye! Barambuze none bankoze mu nda�Apfuye kubera jye, ni nk�aho ari jye umwishe!� Hashize igihe gito, uyu WX ubwe yarahunze uwo mudugudu. Ku burwayi bunyuranye akomora kuri jenoside, kuba nta kazi kandi agomba gutungwa n�isoko, byiyongereyeho umugogoro wo kwishyura ubukode bw�icumbi.
Uyu WX asa n�uwabisikanye na TX, bombi bambuka Nyabarongo. Umwe ahungira hakuno undi hakurya. Nyuma y�itotezwa no guhigwa n�abaturanyi n�abandi atazi, nyuma yo kurokoka hamana yavangiwe sumu mu nzoga, nyuma y�urupfu rwa Ntaganda, TX yaje gukiza amagara ahunga Kigali. We, muri uriya mwaka wa 2014, TPIR yamwishyuriye amezi make y�ubukode bw�inzu mu majyepfo. Bishirira aho ! Arakubwira ati �mperukana na TPIR yanga kunyongera ubukode no kumpa ikindi gisubizo! Ubu ndazerera. Ari abampiga, ari TPIR, nta wuzi aho mba, ndiragira nkicyura�.
Abo bombi bahuza n�umutangabuhamya MD kuba ubuhamya batanze bwaratumye bahunga aho bari batuye. Kimwe no kuba TPIR itakitaye ku by�umutekano wabo. Umwihariko wa MD ni uko nyuma gato y�ubuhamya bwe mu rubanza rwa Akayezu Jean Paul, mu mwaka wa 1997, hari abaturanyi be bishwe kandi bahuje ikibazo. Na we yandikiwe taragiti ko we bazamwica urubozo, akaswe �amaguru, amaboko, izuru...� Nyuma yo gusanga atakwimurirwa Arusha asize bamwe bo mu muryango we, TPIR yamwishyuriye ubukode bw�umwaka umwe gusa hano mu Rwanda. Ngo baherukana ubwo.
Hashize imyaka isaga 20, MD atazi ahigeze kuba iwabo uko hasa. Agira ati �iyi myaka yose nyimaze ndi inzererezi, mbungana abana, mpunga umwanzi ntazi�. Ibi ngo byatumye ahura n�undi mwanzi umumereye nabi, kandi adashobora gucika: kutagira icumbi n�inzara byiyongereye ku burwayi budakira yasigiwe na jenoside. N�agahinda n�amarira menshi, umutangabuhamya MD, ugaya cyane uburyo inzego nka FARG n�urw�imibereho myiza muri Gasabo zamutereranye, agira ati �ubu ndutwa n�abacu bishwe. Jye sinacitse ku icumu, ndacyari ku muhunda waryo�.
Icyuho gikomeye muri TPIR!
Muri Gashyantare 2008, mu rubanza rwa Bicamumpaka J�r�me, wari Minisitiri w�ububanyi n�amahanga muri Guverinoma y�Abatabazi, umutangabuhamya ushinjura yiyemeje gutanga ubuhamya bwe imbonankubone, kubera ko ngo yasanze nta nyungu yo kwitwa� umutangabuhamya urindiwe umutekano �. Iki cyemezo cyatewe n�ibyamubayeho mu rubanza rundi yaherukagamo, aho agira ati � nagarutse mu Rwanda, nsanga buri wese azi neza ko naje gutanga ubuhamya hano �. Hagati y�uru rukiko rwa LONI, Leta y�u Rwanda mu nzego zayo zose ziyihagarariye, abatangabuhamya ubwabo, ni nde waba yaramennye ibanga ry�uyu mutangabuhamya? Ni nde umena ibanga ry�abatangabuhamya muri rusange?
Kimwe na bamwe mu batangabuhamya baturuka i Rusizi, abo ku Kamonyi, cyangwa abo mu turere dutandukanye tw�Umujyi wa Kigali, uyu mutangabuhamya w�i Gicumbi yemeza ko uburyo batoranywaga na TPIR, ubwabwo bwabaye icyuho cyo kumena ibanga. Agira ati �batwijeje kutatumenera ibanga, nyamara babaga bararangije kurimenera kuri segiteri �, aho nk�abari ba Konseye babwirwaga gahunda yose, bakabwirwa byose � hatitawe ku cyo bari cyo, ni ukuvuga ubuhutu cyangwa ubututsi, ubucuti n�amasano bafitanye n�abashinjwa�.
Umwihariko w�i Rusizi ni uko, mu gutegura imanza zireba kariya karere, TPIR yakoresheje uwitwa Simewoni Nshamihigo, wari umushinjacyaha mbere no mu gihe cya jenoside, akaba yari yarayigizemo uruhare. Uyu Nshamihigo yakoraga muri urwo rukiko, nk�umwe mu bagize itsinda rikorera iperereza urwego rw�ubwunganizi mu rubanza rwa Bagambiki Emmanuel, Ntagerura Andr� na Imanishimwe Samuel. Byaje kurangira babiri babanza babaye abere, uwa gatatu na we akatirwa igihano gito cyane, aragikora, ararekurwa. Amaherezo uru rukiko rwaje guhamya Nshamihigo icyaha cya jenoside, maze rumukatira igifungo cya burundu.
IBUKA na AVEGA, nk�imiryango ireberera abacitse ku icumu, byemeza ko hari imanza nyinshi zagaragayemo abakozi ba TPIR babaga ubwabo bakekwaho jenoside, ari abavandimwe cyangwa se inshuti z�abakurikiranyweho jenoside. Bavugamo nk�imanza za Laurent Semanza, Mikaeli Muhimana, J�r�me Bicamumpaka, n�urwitiriwe BUTARE rwaburanishijwemo uwahoze ari Perefe Sylvain Nsabimana, burugumesitiri wa Ngoma Joseph Kanyabashi, minisitiri Pauline Nyiramasuhuko n�umuhungu we. Abenshi muri abo bakozi ba TPIR ngo babaga bariyoberanyije mu yindi myirondoro.
Ari LONI na Leta, birareba nde?
Muri Kamena 2019, Abashinjacyaha bakuru ku ruhande rw�u Rwanda n�urwa IRMCT, Bwana Jean Bosco Mutangana na Serge Brammertz babajijwe ikibazo cy�umutekano muke uvugwa ku batangabuhamywa. Bose bemeje ko�iyo hagize umenyekana ko atotezwa cyangwa yagirirwa nabi, yimurwa aho atuye kandi akarindirwa umutekano�.
None se ni ngombwa ko umutangabuhamya wa TIPR/IRMCT atotezwa kugira ngo abone kurindirwa umutekano? Nk�uko bisobanurwa na Bwana Ousman Njikam, ushinzwe itumanaho, inshingano za IRMCT zo kurindira abatangabuhamya umutekano zibaho mbere y�urubanza, mu gihe cy�urubanza na nyuma yarwo. Inshingano z�uru rukiko ngo zirimo no �kumenya buri gihe aho bari, kandi rugashingira ku bufatanye n�igihugu abatangabuhamya batuyemo, mu rwego rwo gukurikiranira hafi umutekano n�ubufasha bakeneye�.
Ese aba batangabuhamya, Leta y�u Rwanda irabazi? By�umwihariko, Ishami rishinzwe kubungabunga umutekano w�abahohotewe n�abatangabuhamya, -Victims and witnesses protection unit-, ribarizwa mu Urwego rw�Ubushinjacyaha bukuru rirabazi? Oya! Muri iryo shami bagira bati �Abatangabuhamya babo ntituba tubazi, cyane cyane ko nta ruhare twigeze tugira mu kubashaka. Nta rutonde rwabo dufite. Abo tumenya ni abo mu manza twagizemo uruhare nyuma�.
Gusa rero, mu mpera z�umwaka ushize wa 2018, abantu 3 bashinja mu rubanza rwa Augustin Ngirabatware basabiwe n�Urwego rw�ubushinjacyaha bukuru kwimurwa bagatuzwa ahandi, mu rwego rwo gucungirwa umutekano. Uru rubanza, rwo rwonyine rwasubirishijwemo imbere y�urukiko rwa MICT, rwavuzwemo ibyaha n�itoteza ry�abatangabuhamya bashinja kugira ngo bahindure ubuhamya bwabo. Aha ngo u Rwanda rwahereye rwinjira mu kibazo, mu bufatanye bwo gukurikirana abatotezaga bariya batangabuhamya. Na none taliki ya 08 Ugushyingo 2019, bamwe mu bakozi ba IRMCT babonanye na bagenzi babo bo mu Bushinjacyaha bukuru bw�u Rwanda. Hamwe n�aba bakozi, hari abantu 2 bigaragara ko ari abatangabuhamya bari bafite ibibazo kandi bikaba byaraganiriweho n�izo nzego zombi.
Ese abatangabuhamya ba TPIR-IRMCT, baba mu Rwanda, bazi ko izi nzego zifatanya gukemura ibibazo byabo? Ese bazi ko hari urwego rubashinzwe mu Bushinjacyaha bukuru bw�igihugu cyabo? Baba bazi se ko, kuri buri fasi y�Urukiko Rwisumbuye, hari umukozi w�ubushinjacyaha ushinzwe ibibazo byabo? Hirya y�inyandiko n�imvugo bya politiki, bigena ubufatanye bw�inzego, aho ntihaba hari icyuho mu kugera ku bagenerwabikorwa? Ikigaragara ni uko abahoze ari abatangabuhamya ba TPIR basa n�abazi ko uru rukiko rwa LONI ari rwo rurebwa gusa n�umutekano wabo. Ikigaragara ni uko WX, TX, MD n�abandi ba Kamonyi na Rusizi bagira bati � nta rwego rundi tuzi! Ibanga turifitanye na TPIR gusa, kuko nta wundi bigeze batwereka. Na hano, nta wigeze atuvugisha!�
Rwamu Semucyo
1 Ibitekerezo
Karekezi Jeanne Kuwa 10/12/19
Abatangabuhamya barindirwa umutekano bwa mbere n’igihugu barimo. Iyo icyo gihugu kitabishoboye, barimurwa bakajya ahandi. Umuntu yakwibaza impamvu Urwanda rwaba rwarananiwe kubandirira umutekano ntirwiyambaze LONI ngo ibashakire ahari umutekano. Kubya Rutaganda n’abamushinje byo bigaragarako yapfuye muri 2010 kandiko atazutse ngo aze kwica abamushinje. Uko bizwi kandi, nta mulyango ugaragara yaba yarasize ngo abe ariwo urimo kumuhorera. Hakwiye gushakishwa izindi mpamvu zaba zihishe inyuma ya ziriya mpfu! Twizereko RIB izahatubera.
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