Ushobora kuba ufite amatsiko yo kumenya abo bagore, abo bari bo, abagore b�indwanyi bakoze amateka, ikibazo ariko kikaba ko ibyo ugenda usoma ari igice cy�ukuri kuri buri makuru ugenda ubona. Ni nko gushaka amakuru ku muntu udafite umuntu umuzi.
Rimwe na rimwe kandi wibaza niba indwanyi nk�izo (abagore) koko zarabayeho. Ukavuga uti niba barabayeho ntibyari kugorana gutya kubamenya n�ibindi.
Ukuri, n�uko utashakiraga ahantu ha nyaho amakuru yabo. Mbese muri macye washakiraga amakuru ushaka ahantu hatari ho.
Reka rero turebere hamwe abagore b�indwanyi zidasanzwe batanu mu bandi batari bacye babayeho, maze nubamenya uzamenya uruhare bagize mu mateka twifashishije amavomo atandukanye nka Wikipedia, Wonderslist n�andi.
1. Umwamikazi Yennenga w�Ubwami bwa Mossi (Burkina Faso y�ubu)
Mu kinyejana cya 12 Ubwami bwa Dagomba bwari buherereye mu majyaruguru ya Ghana y�ubu, bwabayeho buyobowe n�Umwami Nadega. Uyu mwami yari afite umukobwa witwa Yennenga, ubwo akaba yari igikomangomakazi. Uyu yari akunzwe na se wamwigishije agenda agira ubumenyi butandukanye bw�imirwanire nko kurwanisha icumu no kurasisha umuheto n�ibindi ndetse aza kuba indwanyi nziza y�umugore irwanira ku ifarasi.
Ubuhanga bwe ku rugamba bwari bwaramaze kugaragara ku myaka 14 y�amavuko ubwo yaherekezaga se kurwanya Aba-Malinkes. Ntabwo yari indorerezi ku rugamba ahubwo yararwanaga. Yayoboye batayo ye ku giti cye bituma arushaho gukundwa n�abaturage.
Wikipedia ivuga ko Yennenga yari indwanyi y�agatangaza y�Ubwami bwa Dagomba ku buryo ubwo yageraga mu myaka yo gushyingirwa, se yanze kumutanga. Umwami ntiyari yiteguye guhara indwanyi ye iruta izindi ndetse n�umukobwa we yakundaga bihebuje.
Gukunda umukobwa we bikabije kugeza ubwo yanga no kumushyingira ntibyashimishije Yennenga ndetse bituma batandukana. Ikibazo yiyemeje kukirangiriza, maze ijoro rimwe yambara nk�abagabo aracika ari ku ifarasi.
Yakoze urugendo rurerure agera ku nzu y�umuhigi w�inzovu waje kumubera umugabo. Babyaranye umuhungu bamwita Ouedraogo barangije bashing ubwami bwabo babwita Ubwami bwa Mossi.
Yennenga afatwa nka nyina w�Ubwami bwa Mossi bwabaye Burkina Faso y�iki gihe. Yabaye ikimenyetso cy�umuco wa Burkina Faso n�agaciro kabo kuko n�ubu hari ibishushanyo by�Umwamikazi Yennenga ari ku mugongo w�ifarasi ye hirya no hino muri iki gihugu. Abaturage b�Abamossi na n�ubu bariho muri Burkina Faso ndetse nibwo bwoko bunini bugize amoko agize igihugu. Uyu mubyeyi w�igihugu akaba ari umwe mu ndwanyikazi z�akataraboneka z�Abanyafurika zabayeho.
2. Umwamikazi Arachidamia wa Sparta
Arachidamia ni Umwamikazi wa Sparta wabayeho mu kinyejana cya 3 mbere ya Yesu akaba yari umugore w�Umwami Eudamidas I wa Sparta. Yari umwamikazikazi ugaragara cyane mu bikorwa bya politiki no mu birori byabaga muri Sparta.
Mu gihe umwamikazi yabaga ashinzwe imibereho myiza ya Sparta, hakurya kure General Pyrrhus yari arimo arigarurira ubutaka nka Macedonia. Pyrrhus uyu yafatwaga n�abanyamateka nk�uwa kabiri inyuma gusa ya Alexender the Great mu kuba indwanyi nziza icyo gihe.
Uyu mujenerali bivugwa ko yari umuhanga mu gutegura urugamba ndetse n�indwanyi nziza izobereye gukoresha inkota. Kubera intsinzi yagendaga ageraho bimworoheye, yaje kwerekeza imboni ze kuri Sparta.
Impamvu yumvaga zatuma yoroherwa no kwigarurira Sparta, nuko ingabo nyinshi zari zaroherejwe ku Kirwa cya Crete. Pyrrhus akaba yarageze mu nkengero za Sparta afite ingabo 27,000 n�inzovu 24, agiye kurwanya Sparta yari ifite ingabo 2,000 zasigaye mu murwa.
Abagabo bo muri Sparta bahise bagira igitekerezo cyo kohereza abagore n�abana mu buhungiro ku Kirwa cya Crete. Nibwo Umwamikazi Arachidamia yahise aza imbere y�abagabo afite inkota mu ntoki avuga ko abagore ba Sparta batari buhagarare ngo barebere umujyi wabo ugwa.
Abagore bahise batangira gufasha abagabo bacukura imyobo yo kuza kugwishamo izo nzovu, ndetse banashinga amabariyeri yo gutinza umwanzi. Aba bagore kandi bagombaga no kugenda baha abagabo bari ku rugamba ibyo kurya, amazi intwaro no kwita ku bakomeretse. Abagabo n�abagore ba Sparta bashinze imirongo y�ubwirinzi bahangana n�igisirikare cya Pyrrhus
Urugamba rwo kwigarurira Lacedaemon ngo rwari urugamba rukomeye ubuhanga bwa Pyrrhus mu gutegura urugamba ntibwagira icyo bugeraho. Urugamba rwagombaga koroha no kwihuta rwabereye ingorabahizi Pyrrhus n�ingabo ze, birangira asabye imishyikirano y�amahoro ariko yari yakererewe kuko izindi ngabo za Sparta zari zimaze kuhagera zihatira iza Pyrrhus kuyabangira ingata.
Umwamikazi n�abagore bari indwanyi nyazo za Sparta kandi kwihambira kwa Sparta kwagaragariye aha. Sparta yafatwaga nk�inshuti nziza ariko na none yakugirira nabi bikagutungura mu gihe uyikoze mu jisho. Wonderslist ikavuga ko abagore bo muri Sparta bashyize ikimenyetso cyabo ku mateka.
3. Umwamikazi Mandukhai Khatun wa �Empire� ya Mongol
Yavukiye mu burasirazuba bwa Mongolia mu 1449, maze ku myaka 18 ashyingiranwa na Manduul Khan wategetse Ubwami bugari bwa Mongol kuva mu 1473 kugeza mu 1479. Nubwo Manduul yari afite abandi bagore, ntibabyaraga ariko Mandukhai Khatum yamubyariye abana babiri b�abakobwa bituma aba umugore ukundwakajwe kurusha abandi bagore b�umwami.
Kubw�ibyago ariko, Manduul Khan yaje kwicwa n�umujyanama we mu 1479 ubwami busigara nta mwami bufite. Bitewe n�uko umwami wa Mongol nta mwana w�umuhungu yari afite wo kumusimbura, habayeho kurwanira ingoma hagati y�ibikomangoma byo muri Mongolia n�abatware.
Ibi byatumye Umwamikazi Mandukhai afata umwana w�umuhungu wo kurera w�imyaka 7 witwa Batmunkh wakomokaga kuri Genghis Khan washinze akaba n�umwami wa mbere w�Ubwami Bugari (Empire) bwa Mongol. Yatangaje uyu mwana ko ari we Dayan Khan (Umwami wa Empire ya Mongol) ariko amuyoborera kuko yari akiri umwana. Umwamikazi Mandukghai akaba ari we wakomeje kuyobora mu bwami bwari bwacitsemo ibice.
Uyu mugore yaje kugaragaza ko afite gahunda ubwo nawe yajyaga mu ntambara zireba ubwami bwe, nk�aho ku ikubitiro yagiye ku rugamba agiye guhangana n�abitwaga Qirats mu burengerazuba bwa Mongolia. Intsinzi yakuye aha yagaragaje imbaraga ze ndetse yunga Ubwami Bugari bwa Mongol.
Wa muhungu we, Dayan Khan amaze kugira imyaka 19, Umwamikazi Mandukhai Khatum yamugize umugabo we. Bombi bibanze kuri dynasty ya Ming mu Bushinwa yari irimo iragerageza kurakaza Abanya-Mongol ihagarika gukorana ubucuruzi nabo ndetse ikaba yari yanishe intumwa yavuye muri Mongolia.
Mu rwego rwo kubahagarika n�ingabo zabo, nibwo Aba-Ming bongereye rwa rukuta ruzwi nka �Great Wall of China�, ariko ibi ntibyahagarika Abanya-Mongol. Bagiye bagaba ibitero ku butaka bwa Ming bakigarurira ubutaka.
Ubwo yari atwite inda y�impanga z�abahungu, Abanya-Qirats bongeye kubyutsa umutwe, afatanyije na Dayan bongera kubarwanya barabatsinsura, aho bivugwa ko nubwo yari atwite Umwamikazi Mandukhai yabaga ari ku rugamba ndetse akaba ari naho yaje kubyarira.
Yari umwamikazi w�indwanyi ya nyayo ku buryo bamwe basanga ari Genghis Khan w�umugore. Mu 1510, Umwamikazi Mandukhai yaje gupfa azize urupfu rusanzwe asiga umurage ukomeye kuko n�abana bamukomokaho bakomeje kuba abami ba Mongol n�abatware.
4. Umwamikazi Mavia wa Arabia
Uyu yari umwamikazi wo mu kinyejana cya 4 wa Saracens, bwari ubwami buhuje amoko y�Abarabu bari batuye ibice bimwe bya Syria na Jordan. Yari umugore w�Umwami Al-Hawari wari Umwami wa Saracens ariko waje gupfa nawe nta muragwa w�ingoma assize. Byatumye Mavia ajya ku ngoma nk�Umwamikazi ndetse n�umutegetsi. Uyu nawe akaba yarabaye umwe mu ndwanyi nziza z�abagore zabayeho.
Muri iki gihe, Ubwami Bugari bw�Abaroma bwari buyobowe n�Umwami w�Abami Valens, bwari buhanganye n�Aba-Goths (Abadage b�ubu) bari ikibazo gikomeye kuri Roma yaturuka mu Burayi, igafata amajyaruguru ya Afurika ikagera mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati, ahoibihugu yigaruriraga byabaga bitegetswe gutanga abasirikare bo kurwana mu ntambaro zayo.
Ibi nibyo byasabwe Umwamikazi Madavia ariko ntiyabyishimira abasubiza ngo nta basirikare yatanga bo kujya gupfira mu ntambara za Roma. Ubwo nibwo kwivumbagatanya ku Baroma byatangiye, umwamikazi afata abaturage be abakura Aleppo abimurira mu butayu kugirango Abaroma batazabona uko babatera.
Nyuma yishingiye ingabo ze aziyobora kurwana na Roma. Ubuhanga bwe bwo gukoresha guerilla mu guhangana n�Abaroma bwamuhesheje intsinzi nyinshi Abaroma bagenda batsindwa.
Intambara n�ibitero yayoboye muri Phoenicia (Liban y�ubu) na Palestina nibyo byashimangiye ubuhanga bwe mu bya gisirikare n�ubuyobozi.
Igisubizo cy�Umwami w�Abami Valens kuri uko kwivumbagatanya cyabaye kohereza izindi ngabo ziruseho z�Abaroma gusubiza ibintu mu buryo ariko ntacyo byatanze kuko izo ngabo nazo zakubiswe inshuro izirokotse zigasubira inyuma.
Abaroma bahatiwe gusaba imishyikirano y�amahoro n�Umwamikazi Mavia warokoye igihugu cye ndetse bigatuma Roma y�igihangange imuvira mu bwami.
5. Umwamikazi Yaa Asantewaa w�Umwami Bugari bwa Ashanti
Ubwami Bugari bwa Ashanti bwari muri Ghana y�ubu u Bwongereza bwari buhanze ijisho. Yaa Asantewaa yabaye umwamkazi nyuma y�aho musaza we apfiriye mu 1894. Nk�umwamikazi yari afite intebe ya zahabu bakunda kwita �The Golden Stool�, yari ikimenyetso cy�umwami n�umwamikazi .
�The Golden Stool� yari ikimenyetso cy�Ubumwe cy�Ubwami Bugari bwa Ashanti, ikaba yarakoreshwaga mu kwimika umuyobozi mushya. Ariko, mu by�ukuri ngo umutegetsi ntabwo ayicaraho ahubwo ayicara iruhande kandi ntiyajyaga ikora hasi.
Ubwo rero uwari uhagarariye u Bwongereza muri ubu bwami, Sir Frederick Mitchell Hodgson yasabaga iyo ntebe ngo ayicareho, byafashwe nk�igitutsi ku bwami bwa Ashanti n�abategetsi babwo.
Umwamikazi Yaa Asantewaa yarakajwe n�ubusabe bw�uwo muyobozi w�Umwongereza no kuba abagabo bo muri Ashanti baratekereje kumuha iyo ntebe, maze avuga amagambo akurikira agaragariza abagabo bo muri Ashanti ko bamutengushye.
Ati: �Niba mwebwe abagabo ba Ashanti, mutazajya imbere, tuzabikora, nzahamagara abagore bagenzi banjye. Tuzarwanya abazungu. Tuzarwana kugeza uwa nyuma muri twe aguye ku rugamba.�
Hahise hatangira intambara yitiriwe iyi nte yiswe �The War of the Golden Stool� yo kurwanya Abongereza. Asantewaa yatorewe kuyobora ingabo, aba umugore wa mbere ndetse rukumbi wari ubaye umuyobozi w�ingabo muri Ashanti.
Bateye icyicaro cy�Abongereza cyari Kumasi ariko baratsindwa Umwamikazi Asantewaa arafatwa acibwa mu gihugu, kimwe n�abandi Banyafurika bageragezaga guharanira ubwigenge, ajya muri Seychelles aho yaje gupfira mu 1921.
Nubwo bimeze gutyo, Abongereza ntibigeze babona iyo ntebe ya zahabu, kandi Umwamikazi Asantewaa yabaye ikimenyetso cy�amateka y�ubwigenge bwa Ghana ndetse mu mashuri no mu nzego zitandukanye kuri ubu hakaba hagaragara izina rye.
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