\u2018Mercenaries\u2019 ni abasirikare bigenga bahabwa akazi ko kurwanirira igihugu cyane cyane mu mahanga cyangwa bagafasha umutwe runaka, bategamiye kuri politiki cyangwa inyungu z\u2019abanyagihugu ahubwo ku bw\u2019inyungu zabo. Batangiye kuvugwa mu myaka ya mbere y\u2019ivuka rya Yesu\/Yezu gusa twe turahera mu kinyejana cya 14.<\/p>\n
Haba impungenge ko aba basirikare bigenga baba ikibazo kuri politiki y\u2019ibihugu bibahaye ibiraka nk\u2019ibyabaye mu kinyejana cya 14, aho itsinda rya ba \u2018Mercenaries\u2019 rya Almogavarez muri Espagne ryahawe ikiraka n\u2019Ubwami bwa Byzantine ngo barwanye Turkiya. Barabikoze nyuma barahindukira bagaba igitero mu mugi wa Magnesia (ubu ni Alasehir). Nyuma yo kwica umuyobozi wa Magnesia, bamaze imyaka ibiri bahategeka, bakomereza muri Macedonia.<\/p>\n
Mu ntambara yamaze imyaka isaga 100 (1337-1453), Uburayi bwatoje ibihumbi by\u2019abarwanyi ngo bajye bifashishwa mu rugamba. Mu kinyejana cya 15, hari ibigo bya gisirikare mu Busuwisi, Ubutaliyani ndetse n\u2019Ubudage byagurishaga abasirikare ku bami n\u2019ibikomangoma ngo bajye barwana.<\/p>\n
Ikibazo cy\u2019aba basirikare bagurishwaga ngo ni uko bagambaniraga ababahaye akazi, nta kinyabupfura bagira ndetse ntibubahirize uburenganzira bw\u2019abaturage babitewe ahanini no kutishyurwa. Bitewe n\u2019imyitwarire abasirikare batorejwe mu Busuwisi bagiraga, byatumaga Uburayi bwose bubarambagiza.<\/p>\n
Mu kinyejana cya 18, aba \u2018mercenaries\u2019 bagize uruhare mu bitero n\u2019intambara zitandukanye ari na ko bongerwe agaciro, bahembwa amafaranga atubutse. Mu Ntambara ya II y\u2019Isi bivugwa ko ari ho bene aba basirikare bakoreshejwe cyane mu bihugu harimo n\u2019iby\u2019Afurika. Ibihugu n\u2019imitwe irwanya ubutegetsi ni bo bakoresha bene aba basirikare kugeza ubu.<\/p>\n
Private Military Companies ( PMCs) ni ibigo byateje imbere igisirikare cyigenga<\/strong><\/p>\n Ibi ni ibigo byigenga bitoza bikanatanga aba-mercinaries kugira ngo bajye kurwana cyangwa bakore uburinzi, ibikoresho n\u2019imyitozo ya gisirikare. PMCs bitwa abasivili ariko bashobora kubaho nk\u2019abasirikare nk\u2019uko ubusobanuro bwabo bubivuga. Encyclopedia Britannica bavuga ko iyo abakozi ba PMCs bagiye mu rugamba bitwa ba \u2018mercenaries.<\/p>\n Leta Zunze Ubumwe z\u2019Amerika n\u2019intambara zo muri Afghanistan biri mu bihugu byateje imbere PMCs. Mu 2004, Black Water yatanze abakozi bayo baherekeza ibiribwa n\u2019ibindi bikoresho muri Fallujah muri Iraq, gusa baratewe baricwa. Ibitero byagiye biba muri Afghanistan na byo byifashishije cyane PMCs. <\/p>\n Ibiciro by\u2019abasirikare bigenga bigaragara nk\u2019aho biri hejuru ku bihugu bikiri mu nzira y\u2019iterambere. Urugero twarufatira kuri Perezida Vladimir Putin w\u2019Uburusiya wishyuye ibihumbi by\u2019abasirikare baturutse muri PMC yitwa Wagner Group amadolari y\u2019Amerika agera kuri miliyari 10 kugira ngo bajye kugaba ibitero muri Syria. Ibihugu bikomeye ngo byohereza bene aba basirikare mu byugarijwe n\u2019umutekano muke.<\/p>\n Amateka avuga ko Mobutu Sese Seko wayoboye Zaire (ubu ni RDC) na we yifashishije abasirikare biganga baturukaga mu mutwe wa White Legion wavuye mu cyagoze ari Yugoslavia. Bifashishijwe mu ntambara ya mbere ya Congo yabaye kuva mu 1996 kugeza mu 1997. Aba basirikare bari bahawe inshingano zo kurinda umugi wa Kisangani no gutoza abasirikare b\u2019igihugu gusa mu 1997 basubiye iwabo.<\/p>\n Mu 2002, Umuryango w\u2019Abibumbye wagize igitekerezo cyo gukoresha PMCs kuko zasabaga amafaranga make ugereranyije no gufata abasirikare basanzwe. Gusa Kofi Annan wari Umunyamabanga mukuru yarabyanze kuko byari bihabanye n\u2019itegeko mpuzamahanga ritemera gukoresha abasirikare bigenga (abanyabiraka).<\/p>\n Mu 2007, muri ONU hagarutse igitekerezo cyo kwifashisha abakozi ba PMCs mu kugaba ibitero ariko na none rya tegeko ntiryabikunda. Ikigo cya Black Water ni cyo cyari gikomeye muri icyo gihe. Amasezerano y\u2019i Geneve yo mu 1989 yakuragaho ikoreshwa ry\u2019abasirikare bigenga ntabwo Amerika n\u2019Ubwongereza byigeze biyashyigikira (ntibyashyizeho umukono).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" \u2018Mercenaries\u2019 ni abasirikare bigenga bahabwa akazi ko kurwanirira igihugu cyane cyane mu mahanga cyangwa bagafasha umutwe runaka, bategamiye kuri politiki cyangwa inyungu z\u2019abanyagihugu ahubwo ku bw\u2019inyungu zabo. Batangiye kuvugwa mu myaka ya mbere y\u2019ivuka rya Yesu\/Yezu gusa twe turahera mu kinyejana cya 14. Haba impungenge ko aba basirikare bigenga baba ikibazo kuri politiki y\u2019ibihugu bibahaye […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":11,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-17973","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-amakuru-rw"],"yoast_head":"\n