{"id":19400,"date":"2019-12-02T11:23:49","date_gmt":"2019-12-02T11:23:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.bwiza.com\/2019\/12\/02\/ni-iki-ibindi-bihugu-bya-afurika-byabigiraho\/"},"modified":"2019-12-02T11:23:49","modified_gmt":"2019-12-02T11:23:49","slug":"ni-iki-ibindi-bihugu-bya-afurika-byabigiraho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bwiza.com\/?p=19400","title":{"rendered":"Ni iki ibindi bihugu bya Afurika byabigiraho?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Ibihugu byo muri Afurika bifite byinshi bihuriraho ndetse binatandukaniraho ku ngingo y\u2019ubutegetsi. Hari aho byagenze nabi kuri iyi ngingo ndetse bisiga ibihugu ari ibisenzegeri ku buryo ku byubaka kabaye akazi k\u2019ingorabahizi ku babiyoboye nyuma y\u2019ibibazo byabishegeshe.
\n<\/h2>\n

Bimwe mu byo wagira ngo byafashwe nk\u2019ihame ngo birange ubutegetsi bwa hamwe muri Afurika ni nk\u2019aho ari umuziro guhererekanya ubutegetsi mu mahoro, kwica abatavuga rumwe n\u2019umutegetsi ngo aburambeho, uburiganya mu matora, gukoreshwa ku nyungu z\u2019amahanga, ubutegetsi mu maboko y\u2019imiryango imwe cyangwa se agatsiko k\u2019abakomoka ib\u2019unaka, ubwoko se cyangwa ikindi bafata bakacyimika bakaginderaho bagaheza abandi, gucamo ibice abaturage n’ibindi.<\/p>\n

Ibi bikuriwe na karundura ya byose ari yo; gusahura umutungo wa rubanda ahagamije kuwigwizaho, bagakungahara mu gihe rubanda rwa giseseka rwicira isazi mu jisho, rugahuhurwa n\u2019isari.<\/p>\n

Iki kiba nyamukuru cyane kuko ibisahurwa biba bivanwa n\u2019aho bitari. Ariko nanone, nta bapfira gushira nk\u2019uko Umunyarwanda yabigarutseho, hari aho amateka atwereka ingero z\u2019aho ibyananiranye haruguru byashobotse.<\/p>\n

Muri iki gitekerezo, ndibanda ku bijyanye n\u2019ubutegetsi muri Tanzania aho nemeza ntashidikanya ko hari icyo abandi bategetsi muri Afurika bakwigira ku baperezida batatu: Benjamin William Mkapa (1995-2005), Jakaya Mrisho Kikwete 2005-2015 na Dr. John Joseph Pombe Magufuli (2015-Ubu).<\/p>\n

Kubaha no kudahindagura itegeko nshinga
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Witegereje igihe Mkapa na Kikwete bamaze ku butegetsi, wagira ngo ni rya somo ryo mu mibare bitaga \u2018Mbare\u2019 mu mwaka w\u2019amashuri wa kabiri w\u2019abanza. Ni manda ebyiri z\u2019imyaka itanu kuri buri umwe zitongerwa.<\/p>\n

Iki ni icya mbere abandi bategetsi mbona bakwiriye kwigira kuri aba bayobozi kuko batigeze bahirahira ngo bajye mu byo guhindura itegeko nshinga ngo bakomeze barambe ku butegetsi. Baryubahirije uko ryakabaye kandi igihe bamaze ku butegetsi bagiriye ibihugu byabo akamaro, atari bimwe bya ba bandi ngo \u201c Hari imishinga ntararangiza, nk\u2019aho nta wundi wayishobora mu gihugu.\u201d<\/p>\n

Guhindura itegeko nshinga byabaye itetu kuri bamwe mu bategetsi muri Afurika
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Washington mu 2016 yanditse ko hagati ya 2005 kugeza mu 2015, ibihugu birimo Senegal, Gabon, Cameroon, Chad, Djibouti, Sudan, Eriterea, Burundi, Burkinafaso, Repubulika ya Congo, Uganda, Repubulika Iharanira Demukarasi ya Congo ndetse n\u2019u Rwanda (abaturage ni bo babisabye) habayeho kugerageza guhindura itegeko nshinga.<\/p>\n

Hari abo bitakundiye nka Frederick Chiluba muri 2001 na vuba aha Edgar Lungu wa Zambia, Olusegun Obesanjo wa Nigeria (2005), Mamadou Tandja muri Niger(2009-2010) na Blaise Compaore muri Burkino Faso (2014).<\/p>\n

Iyi nkundura yo guhindura itegeko nshinga kandi isiga hari abaturage, abatavuga rumwe na Leta babigendeyemo. Akabarore ni mu Burundi aho Perezida Nkurunziza washaka manda ya gatatu itaravuzweho rumwe, byatumye abenshi bahagwa, ibihumbi byinshi by\u2019abaturage bifata iy\u2019ubuhungiro.<\/p>\n

Nyamara, itegeko nshinga rihindurwa mu gihe aba bategetsi baba barahiye bavuga ko bazaryubaha kuko ari ryo riba rikuriye andi yose igihugu kigenderaho.<\/p>\n

Kwimakaza ubumwe bw\u2019abenegihugu
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Guharanira ko abaturage b\u2019igihugu baba umwe, hirindwa amacakubiri yaba ashingiye ku bitwererwa ko ari amoko, uturere, igitsina, ibara ry\u2019uruhu n\u2019ibindi.<\/p>\n

Uyu murage wo kurwanya ivangura iryo ari ryo ryose wasizwe na Mwalimu Kambarage Julius Nyerere. Mu mbwirwaruhame ze yumvikanye kenshi yihanangiriza abayobozi ko \u201c Akazi kabo ari ukugira abaturage ikintu kimwe.\u201d Hagendewe ku by\u2019amoko (tribalism) ngira ngo ibihugu nka Tanzania nticyaba kiri uko kimeze ubu.<\/p>\n

Muri Tanzania, habarurwa ubwoko (tribes) burenga ijana. Gusa ntibijya byumvikana ko hari imvururu z\u2019amoko. Ibi byagizwemo uruhare n\u2019ubuyobozi, ntibivuze ko hatari ababa bafite ingengabitekerezo yo kubigenderaho ariko nta mwanya bahawe. Ibi abaturage babigira umuco bityo n\u2019umuntu uganisha muri icyo cyerekezo baramwagana.<\/p>\n

Urugero mu Gushyingo 1995, ubwo John Cheyo, umwe mu bahataniraga kuba umukuru w\u2019igihugu yarihingutsaga akavuga ko \u201c Wasukuma (ubwoko bwe ari na bumwe mu bwinshi muri Tanzania) bukwiriye kujya muri politiki ku bwinshi\u201d yaranenzwe cyane, aramaganwa, ashinjwa gushyira ubwoko imbere mu nyungu za politiki ze.<\/p>\n

Mu bihugu nk\u2019u Rwanda, Kenya, Ethiopia, Somalia, Uganda, Uburundi, Congo-Kinshasa, Angola, Nigeria, Sudani y\u2019Epfo, biracyagashwe n\u2019icyo kibazo yewe bamwe bahisemo kugabana ubutegetsi ari iyo ngingo bagendeyeho.<\/p>\n

Impuguke muri politiki yo muri Kenya, Mutahi Ngunyi nk\u2019uko BBC yabitangaje, avuga ko ikibazo cy\u2019amoko Nyerere yagikemuye kare. Yavuze ko \u201c Kuba yarashyizeho ururimi rumwe (Swahili) ari kimwe mu byakozwe mu rwego rwo gutanga ikiranga Abanya-Tanzania kimwe.\u201d<\/p>\n

Koroherana muri Politiki
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Nkeka ko nta muntu utaravuze rumwe n\u2019aba baperezida nagarutseho bayasabye ko yicwa kubera ko hari ibyo atumvikanaho na we.<\/p>\n

Kuri iyi ngingo nadagaruka ku kibazo cya Depite Tundu Lisu, warashwe kuri iyi ngoma ya Perezida Magufuli. Biracyari mu iperereza bityo ntibirasobanuka.<\/p>\n

Ishyaka Chama Cha Mapinduzi (CCM) ryagiye ryegukana insinzi idasubirwaho mu matora y\u2019umukuru w\u2019igihugu. Abo muri Chama cha Demokrasia na Maendeleo nabo bagiye begukana imyanya mu nteko kimwe n\u2019abandi bo muri Wazalendo.<\/p>\n

Ubu bwumvikane bwatumye Tanzania itagira umutwe w\u2019inyeshyamba uyirwanya uvuga ko hari ibyo uharanira waburanye ubutegetsi buriho. Abaperezida b\u2019iki gihugu bazira urw\u2019ikirago nyuma yo kuva ku butegetsi, nta we uhita afata iy\u2019ubuhungiro, umunyururu hari ibyo ashinjwa.<\/p>\n

Ibi muri afurika hari aho bitarashoboka, aho perezida agomba kuvaho yishwe cyangwa agafungwa, agahirikwa ku butegetsi se cyangwa agakomeza gutungwa agatoki ko yiba amatora ngo akomeze ategeke.<\/p>\n

Kuri iyi ngingo, Tanzania yabera byinshi mu bihugu bya Afurika umwarimu mwiza ku kigero cy\u2019aho ari kimwe mu bihugu bike byasuwe n\u2019uwari Perezida wa Amerika, Barack Obama hagendewe ku iyubahirizwa ry\u2019amahame ya demukarasi.<\/p>\n

Gucunga neza ibya rubanda
\n<\/strong><\/p>\n

Twagiye twumva benshi mu bakuru b\u2019ibihugu bya Afurika ari bamwe mu beza mu gusesagura na duke ibihugu byabo bifite. Ngizo ingendo z\u2019indege z\u2019urudaca. Kuri iyi ngingo, Perezida wa Zambia Edgar Lungu byageze aho bamwita \u201cperezida w\u2019umukerarugendo\u201d (tourist president), imodoka zihenze, amazu ahenze bagura iyo i Bulayi, abana babo biga iyo mu mahanga nyamara mu gihugu mu imbere abaturage bicwa n\u2019inzara n\u2019ubukene.<\/p>\n

Si ibyo gusa kuko mu kunyereza umutungo mu byiswe Panama Papers benshi bagarutsweho.<\/p>\n

Abaperezida ba Tanzania bazwiho kudasesagura umutungo w\u2019igihugu bitabira inama za hato na hato, nyuma yo kuva ku butegetsi bakomeza indi mirimo isanzwe. Perezida Mukapa yatunzwe intoki ku bw’indege ya Perezidansi ndetse n’intwaro zikaze yari yaguze, ariko nta n’ibyo yashyize mu mufuka we.<\/p>\n

Abandi bo barabyaha kandi ntibabihe abenegihugu, bakabigabira udutsiko bari kumwe ku butegetsi. Ibindi bakabijyana iyo mu mahanga.<\/p>\n

Umenye uko bamwe mu bategetsi bo muri Afurika barwanira kugira imigabane mu makompanyi akomeye ku Isi, byagutera kwibaza aho usesagura ni nde?<\/p>\n

Aba bagabo uko ari batatu si bamwe mu baza ku ntonde z\u2019abagwije imitungo muri Afurika.<\/p>\n

Nta byera ngo de ariko nibura Afurika ikwiriye kwigira kuri aba bagabo. Ntacyo dukwiriye guhitamo hagati ya demukarasi n\u2019ubukungu, byose Afurika turabikeneye.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Ibihugu byo muri Afurika bifite byinshi bihuriraho ndetse binatandukaniraho ku ngingo y\u2019ubutegetsi. Hari aho byagenze nabi kuri iyi ngingo ndetse bisiga ibihugu ari ibisenzegeri ku buryo ku byubaka kabaye akazi k\u2019ingorabahizi ku babiyoboye nyuma y\u2019ibibazo byabishegeshe. Bimwe mu byo wagira ngo byafashwe nk\u2019ihame ngo birange ubutegetsi bwa hamwe muri Afurika ni nk\u2019aho ari umuziro guhererekanya […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":12,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[135,133,131,127,161,147,136],"class_list":["post-19400","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-amakuru-rw","tag-amakuru","tag-in-business-today","tag-in-slide-rw","tag-rwanda","tag-tanzania","tag-uganda","tag-visitsrwanda"],"yoast_head":"\nNi iki ibindi bihugu bya Afurika byabigiraho? - BWIZA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bwiza.com\/?p=19400\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Ni iki ibindi bihugu bya Afurika byabigiraho? - BWIZA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Ibihugu byo muri Afurika bifite byinshi bihuriraho ndetse binatandukaniraho ku ngingo y\u2019ubutegetsi. 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