{"id":21419,"date":"2020-02-08T11:30:17","date_gmt":"2020-02-08T11:30:17","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.bwiza.com\/2020\/02\/08\/ethiopia-ihagarikwa-ry-intambara-muri-afurika-hejuru-y-inzitane-z-ibibazo-by\/"},"modified":"2020-02-08T11:30:17","modified_gmt":"2020-02-08T11:30:17","slug":"ethiopia-ihagarikwa-ry-intambara-muri-afurika-hejuru-y-inzitane-z-ibibazo-by","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bwiza.com\/?p=21419","title":{"rendered":"Ethiopia: Ihagarikwa ry’intambara muri Afurika hejuru y’inzitane z’ibibazo by’amakimbirane"},"content":{"rendered":"

Abakuru b\u2019ibihugu bigize Umuryango w\u2019Afurika Yunze Ubumwe (AU) batangiye kugera muri Ethiopia, bitabiriye inama ya 33 yiga ku ihagarikwa ry\u2019intambara kuri uyu mugabane, iratangira kuri uyu wa 9 Gashyantare 2020. <\/strong><\/p>\n

Insanganyamatsiko y\u2019iyi nama iragira iti: \u201cGucecekesha imbunda: Guharurira inzira iterambere ry\u2019Afurika.\u201d<\/em> Iyi nama ituma hibazwa niba byashoboka ko uyu mugabane wabaho utarangwa n\u2019itambara mu gihe ukiri mu nzitane z’amakimbirane.<\/p>\n

Umuryango w’Afurika Yunze Ubumwe washinzwe tariki ya 21 Gicurasi 2001 i Addis Abeba, usimbuye Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’Afurika (Organisation of African Unity) wari warashinzwe mu 1963. Uyu muryango ufite ibihugu by’ibinyamuryango 55, ukagira intego 14 zirimo: Kwimakaza ubumwe n’ubufatanye bw’ibihugu biri ku mugabane, kurinda ubusugire bw’ibihugu by’ibinyamuryango no guteza imbere amahoro ndetse n’umutekano.<\/p>\n

Ku bijyanye n’amahoro ndetse n’umutekano, uyu muryango wazanye ingamba zivuguruye zishyiraho iherezo ry’intambara cyane cyane izigamije guhirika ubutegetsi, intambara hagati y\u2019igihugu n\u2019ikindi, ushingiye kuri izi ntego eshatu nyamukuru. Intambara (hagati y’igihugu n’ikindi) zisa n’izacitse burundu. <\/p>\n

Ntabwo kuri uyu mugabane hacyumvikana intambara nka Namibian War, Ethiopian-Erithea War, Luwero War, Congo War, Rhodesian War muri Zimbabwe n\u2019izindi zagiye ziba mu bihe byatambutse, ahubwo iziganje ni izishingiye ku makimbirane hagati y\u2019impande ebyiri cyangwa zirenze, imbere mu gihugu ashingiye ku moko, amadini, ubutunzi no ku ngaruka z’intambara. Uru ni rwo rugamba rukomeye uyu muryango usigaje kurwana.<\/p>\n

Raporo yasohowe n\u2019ikigo gikora ubushakashatsi ku mahoro, Stockholm International Peace Research Institute(SIPRI) mu 2018 igaragaza ko ibihugu 11 biri munsi y\u2019ubutayu bwa Sahara, bifite amakimbirane atuma haduka urugamba rw\u2019amasasu, cyangwa uruhande rumwe rukarema umutwe witwaje intwaro urwanya ubutegetsi. Ibyo bihugu birimo Ethiopia, Mali, Niger, Nigeria Burkina Faso, Cameroon, CAR, DRC, Somalia, Sudan y\u2019Epfo na Sudan. Iby’umutekano muke uterwa n’amakimbirane muri Afurika byagiye bigarukwaho mu bihe bitandukanye n’akanama k’umutekano k’Umuryango w’Abibumbye, igihugu ku kindi.<\/p>\n

Afurika ni umugabane uvugwamo ibibazo kuva mu bihe bya mbere, aho bamwe mu babyemera, abandi bakavuga ko ari amagambo y\u2019abo hanze (ibitangazamakuru ndetse n\u2019abayobozi). Ivugwamo kenshi ibibazo by\u2019amakimbirane agamije inyungu za politiki bigira ingaruka ku baturage, bikazamo imfu, inzara ndetse n\u2019amapfa. <\/p>\n

Nyamara ababivuga banatanga igihamya ko uyu mugabane ufite amahirwe menshi yakawuteje imbere ariko byose bizamo kidobya. Bimwe mu bihugu byayo bikize kuri peteroli byohereza hanze, bikinjiza amadovise, bifite amabuye y\u2019agaciro menshi kandi ahenze nka \u2018Diamants\u2019, gusa ibyinshi muri byo bitunganyirizwa hanze.<\/p>\n

Dusoma ibitabo bivuga ko abakurambere bifuzaga ko uyu mugabane wakunga ubumwe , abana babo nabo barabyifuza kugeza ubu biracyifuzwa. Haba ubwo hafashwe imyanzuro igeza uyu mugabane ku byiza bigera ku bawutuye wose, abahanganye bagakorera inama mu mahanga, ariko bikarangira ibyo bemeranyijeho bitubahirijwe, bitewe na za mpamvu ziri haruguru.<\/p>\n

Ikindi kibazo gikomeye ni uko bitewe n\u2019inyungu z\u2019umuntu cyangwa abantu ku giti cyabo, iby\u2019iyi myanzuro hari ubwo bitagerwaho, hakinjiramo n\u2019imbaraga ziturutse hanze y\u2019umugabane. Si rimwe kandi si kabiri kuri uyu mugabane bivuzwe ko igihugu gikize ku mutungo kamere, kidashobora kugira umutekano. Havuka imitwe y\u2019iterabwoba cyangwa abenegihugu ubwabo bakaryana. Ingero ziragaragara muri Repubulika Iharanira Demukarasi ya Congo n\u2019Afurika y\u2019Epfo bikungahaye ku mabuye y’agaciro, Libya ikungahaye kuri peteroli n’ibindi bihugu bifite ubutunzi bureshya.<\/p>\n

Afurika ni umugabane ufite abakuru b\u2019ibihugu batari bake bagiye ku butegetsi binyuze mu ntambara kuko babanje kurema no kuba mu mitwe yarwanyaga ubutegetsi bwariho, bitwa \u2018inyeshyamba\u2019. Bamwe muri bo, bagaragaza ubushake buke bwo kuva ku butegetsi, hari n\u2019abatura bakavuga ko ubutegetsi bafatiye mu masasu, badashobora gupfa kuburekura. Aba bavuga ko bagejeje ibihugu byabo kuri byinshi, kandi bagifite byinshi bakeneye gukora. Izi mpamvu batanga, ni na zo iz\u2019abo bahiritse ku butegetsi batangaga, nyamara birangira havuze amasasu. <\/p>\n

Afurika ni umugabane, abenshi bafite imyumvire ko kugira ngo umuntu ajye ku butegetsi, ari uko agomba kubanza kurema umutwe w\u2019inyeshyamba, agashyira igitutu ku butegetsi buriho, abanje gukora ku mbarutso. Gusa hari ababona ishingiro ryo kurema iyi mitwe biracyagoranye kumva umuyobozi wemeye kwicara ku meza y\u2019uruganiriro n\u2019abatavuga rumwe n\u2019ubutegetsi bwe, kugira ngo bumvikane ku ngingo zimwe na zimwe zituma batavuga rumwe. Bamwe bati: \u201cNiba amagambo nta kintu yageraho, urusaku rw\u2019imbunda rwakigeraho.\u201d <\/em> <\/p>\n

Bamwe bafata intambara nk\u2019uburyo rukumbi bwo kuvugira uburenganzira bwabo, abasesengura bakemeza ko ishingiye ku makimbirane nta cyizere cy’uko zacika kuri uyu mugabane ahubwo wenda yahoshwa, gusa ngo izihanganisha ibihugu zo zisa n’izarangiye. Mu bubasha uyu muryango ufite, wahagarika igihugu cyashaka gutera ikindi binyuze mu biganiro cyangwa se mu ngabo zawo.<\/p>\n

Amakimbirane akurura intambara yavaho ari uko: <\/p>\n