Mu isi ya none, amakuru ni kimwe mu bikoresho bikomeye kurusha ibindi. Ashobora kubaka amahoro, akigisha abaturage, akabahuza, ariko nanone ashobora gukoreshwa mu kuyobya abantu no kubemeza ibintu batari kwemera iyo baba bafite amakuru yuzuye.<\/p>\n
Ni muri urwo rwego icyegeranyo cyiswe \u201cHow The Government Manipulates Facts | Secrets and Lies\u201d cigaragaza uburyo ubutegetsi, inzego za gisirikare n\u2019ibitangazamakuru bikomeye byakoreshejwe mu guhindura imyumvire y\u2019abaturage ku ntambara zabaye muri Iraq na Afghanistan.<\/p>\n
Iki cyegeranyo gitangirwa ubuhamya n\u2019umunyamakuru wahoze akurikirana intambara, uvuga ko ibyo yabonye ku rugamba bitandukanye cyane n\u2019ibyo abaturage babwirwaga bari mu ngo zabo.<\/p>\n
Intangiriro y\u2019uburyo bwo kugenzura ibitekerezo by\u2019abantu<\/strong><\/p>\n Iki cyegeranyo cyigaruka ku mateka ya Edward Bernays, umwe mu bantu bafatwa nk\u2019abashinze urwego rw\u2019itangazamakuru ry\u2019ubucuruzi n\u2019imenyekanisha.<\/p>\n Bernays yizeraga ko abantu badashobora gufata imyanzuro ishingiye ku kuri gusa, ahubwo ko bashobora kuyoborwa n\u2019amarangamutima yabo. Bityo, aho guha abaturage amakuru yuzuye, ababwiraga ibintu bibatera ubwoba, urwango cyangwa icyizere kugira ngo bafate imyanzuro runaka.<\/p>\n Iyi nyigisho yaje gukoreshwa cyane muri politiki no mu ntambara.<\/p>\n Intambara igurishwa nk\u2019igicuruzwa<\/strong><\/p>\n Nk\u2019uko umuntu ashobora kugurisha ikinyobwa cyangwa imodoka, ni ko na politiki ishobora kugurisha intambara.<\/p>\n Iki cyegeranyo cyivuga ko mbere y\u2019uko Amerika itera Iraq mu 2003, abaturage benshi babanje kubwirwa ko ubutegetsi bwa Saddam Hussein bufite intwaro zica imbaga kandi ko bushobora guteza akaga isi yose.<\/p>\n Abaturage benshi baje gushyigikira iyo ntambara kuko bumvaga ari uburyo bwo kwirinda.<\/p>\n Nyuma y\u2019igihe, byaje kugaragara ko izo ntwaro zari zaravuzwe zitabonetse, ibintu byatumye benshi bibaza niba abaturage barahawe amakuru nyayo mbere y\u2019ifatwa ry\u2019icyo cyemezo gikomeye.<\/p>\n Umunyamakuru uhora hafi y\u2019ingabo ashobora gutakaza ubwigenge<\/strong><\/p>\n Kimwe mu bice bikomeye bw’iki cyegeranyo ni ikivuga ku buryo abanyamakuru bashyirwaga mu matsinda y\u2019ingabo, uburyo buzwi nka “embedded journalism”.<\/p>\n Mu buryo busanzwe, umunyamakuru aba agomba gukurikirana ukuri aho ari hose. Ariko iyo ubuzima bwe, ibiribwa, uburyo bwo gutwara n\u2019umutekano we byose bishingiye ku ngabo zimwakiriye, biragorana cyane kunenga cyangwa gutangaza amakuru ashobora kuzibangamira.<\/p>\n Abatanze ubuhamya muri iki cyegeranyo bavuga ko hari amakuru menshi yerekeye imibabaro y\u2019abaturage, ibitero byahitanye abasivili n\u2019ingaruka z\u2019intambara atigeze agaragara ku mateleviziyo akomeye.<\/p>\n Ibyo byatumye abaturage babona isura imwe gusa y\u2019intambara.<\/p>\n Isura y\u2019intambara abaturage babona si yo bahura na yo ku rugamba<\/strong><\/p>\n Mu gihe abaturage babonaga amashusho y\u2019ingabo ziri gutsinda urugamba cyangwa abaturage bishimiye impinduka, ku rundi ruhande hari imiryango yatakazaga ababyeyi, abana n\u2019abavandimwe.<\/p>\n Iki cyegeranyo cyerekana ko intambara idahitana abasirikare gusa, ahubwo ko akenshi abasivili ari bo bahura n\u2019ingaruka zikomeye.<\/p>\n Abana babura amashuri, ibitaro bikangirika, abaturage bakimuka, ubukungu bugasenyuka.<\/p>\n Nyamara aya mateka akenshi ntiyitabwaho nk\u2019uko byitabwaho iyo ababaye ari abaturage bo mu bihugu bikomeye.<\/p>\n \u201cAbazize intambara b\u2019ingenzi\u201d n\u2019\u201cabatari ingenzi\u201d<\/strong><\/p>\n Iki cyegeranyo cyivuga igitekerezo kizwi nka \u201cAbazize intambara b\u2019ingenzi\u201d n\u2019\u201cabatari ingenzi\u201d<\/p>\n Bisobanura ko hari igihe itangazamakuru ritanga umwanya munini ku bantu bishwe n\u2019abo rifata nk\u2019abanzi, ariko rikirengagiza cyangwa rikagabanya uburemere bw\u2019abishwe n\u2019impande zishyigikiwe n\u2019ibihugu bikomeye.<\/p>\n Iyo bigenze bityo, ubuzima bw\u2019abantu butangira guhabwa agaciro gatandukanye bitewe n\u2019uwo ari we.<\/p>\n Icyo ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye by\u2019itangazamakuru ridakora akazi karyo mu bwisanzure.<\/p>\n Uruhare rw\u2019abatangabuhamya n\u2019imiryango itangaza amabanga ya Leta, nka WikiLeaks.<\/p>\n Abayikoze bavuga ko demokarasi ikomeye iba ishingiye ku baturage bafite amakuru yuzuye.<\/p>\n Iyo amakuru yose agenwa na Leta cyangwa inzego za gisirikare gusa, abaturage bashobora gufata imyanzuro batamenye ukuri kwose.<\/p>\n Ni yo mpamvu abantu batinyuka gutangaza inyandiko z\u2019ibanga, amakuru yihishe cyangwa ibimenyetso by\u2019ibikorwa bitemewe bafatwa nk\u2019abafasha abaturage kumenya ukuri, nubwo rimwe na rimwe bahura n\u2019ibibazo bikomeye.<\/p>\n Inshingano nyamukuru z\u2019umunyamakuru atari ukwandika ibyo abayobozi bamubwiye gusa. Ahubwo inshingano ze ni ugushaka amakuru, kuyagenzura, kuvugisha impande zitandukanye no kubaza ibibazo bikomeye n\u2019iyo byabangamira abafite ubutegetsi.<\/p>\n Itangazamakuru nyaryo rigomba kuba ijwi ry\u2019abaturage aho kuba ijwi ry\u2019abafite imbaraga.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" Mu isi ya none, amakuru ni kimwe mu bikoresho bikomeye kurusha ibindi. Ashobora kubaka amahoro, akigisha abaturage, akabahuza, ariko nanone ashobora gukoreshwa mu kuyobya abantu no kubemeza ibintu batari kwemera iyo baba bafite amakuru yuzuye. Ni muri urwo rwego icyegeranyo cyiswe \u201cHow The Government Manipulates Facts | Secrets and Lies\u201d cigaragaza uburyo ubutegetsi, inzego za […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":50,"featured_media":268009,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[2,401],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-268008","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-amakuru-rw","category-politiki-rw"],"yoast_head":"\n