{"id":64619,"date":"2024-01-17T13:04:00","date_gmt":"2024-01-17T11:04:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/new.bwiza.com\/?p=64619"},"modified":"2024-01-17T13:04:00","modified_gmt":"2024-01-17T11:04:00","slug":"byinshi-kuri-la-main-rouge-umwe-mu-mitwe-y-iterabwoba-ya-mbere-yabayeho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/bwiza.com\/?p=64619","title":{"rendered":"\u00ab\u00a0 La Main Rouge \u00a0\u00bb umwe mu mitwe y\u2019iterabwoba ya mbere yabayeho washinzwe n\u2019u Bufaransa"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong> <em>\u00ab\u00a0 La Main Rouge \u00a0\u00bb ni izina ry\u2019umutwe witwaje intwaro w\u2019ibanga w\u2019Abafaransa , wagabye ibitero byinshi mu Burayi no muri Afurika y\u2019Amajyaruguru mu myaka ya za 1950, mu gihe cy\u2019abakoloni.<\/em> <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Uyu mutwe bivugwa ko wari \u201citsinda ry\u2019urupfu\u201d  ndetse bamwe bafata nk\u2019umutwe w\u2019iterabwoba, wakomotse ku matsinda mato yashingiwe muri Tunisia mu 1952 kandi ugizwe n\u2019abazungu  n&#8217;abapolisi bari biteguye gukora ibishoboka byose ngo babuze ubwigenge bw&#8217;ibihugu byakolonizwaga n\u2019u Bufaransa. <\/p>\n<p>Iri zina ryakoreshejwe vuba n\u2019inzego z\u2019ibanga z\u2019u Bufaransa nk\u2019agakingirizo k\u2019Urwego rw\u2019ubutasi bwo hanze y\u2019igihugu no kurwanya ubutasi rw\u2019u Bufaransa, SDECE (Service de documentation ext\u00e9rieure et de contre-espionnage)   mu bikorwa byarwo byo guhungabanya umutekano, kwica abantu n\u2019ibitero bitandukanye bigamije kurwanya ubwigenge muri Afurika y&#8217;Amajyaruguru.<\/p>\n<p>Ibikorwa bya SDECE muri Tunisia mu 1954 byahishuwe ubwo hafungurwaga inyandiko z\u2019ibanga z\u2019ibikorwa by\u2019u Bufaransa muri Afurika nyuma yo gutorwa kwa Perezida Francois Hollande.<\/p>\n<p>Ibikorwa byayo byabanje kwibasira impirimbanyi z\u2019ubwigenge muri Maroc, Algeria na Tunisia, by\u2019umwihariko muri Maroc kuva mu 1952. Nyuma, yibasiye umuturage uwo ari we wese w\u2019umunyamahanga cyangwa Abafaransa bari babangamiye ibikorwa by\u2019u Bufaransa mu gihe cy\u2019intambara ya Algeria. Kuva mu 1956, ibitero byayo byibasiye kandi abacuruza intwaro bakekwaho kuzigurisha ku mutwe waharaniye ubwigenge bwa Algeria, FLN (Front de lib\u00e9ration nationale alg\u00e9rien). Igikorwa cyahagaritswe mu mpera za 1962, nyuma y&#8217;ubwigenge bwa Algeria.<\/p>\n<p><strong>Inkomoko n&#8217;ishingwa<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Kubera ko u Bufaransa butari bwarafunguye ububiko bw\u2019inyandiko z\u2019ibanga zijyanye n\u2019iki gihe, habanje gusuzumwa amasoko atandukanye. Icyakora, abakozi benshi n&#8217;abayobozi ba serivisi z\u2019ubutasi batanze ubuhamya, guhera mu myaka ya za 2010, mu nyandiko nyinshi, harimo na documentaire ya David Korn-Brzoza, yiswe \u00ab\u00a0 Amateka y\u2019inzego z\u2019ibanga z\u2019u Bufaransa \u00a0\u00bb, ndetse no mu gitabo cyanditswe n\u2019umunyamakuru w\u2019inkuru zicukumbuye, Vincent Nouzille, yise \u00ab\u00a0 Abicanyi ba Repubulika \u00a0\u00bb, bishingiye ku buhamya bw\u2019abakoreye ubutasi  bw&#8217;u Bufaransa.<\/p>\n<p>Byongeye kandi, iperereza ryimbitse ryerekanye ko \u00ab\u00a0 La Main rouge \u00a0\u00bb yari \u201cigizwe n\u2019abakozi ba SDECE\u201d , usibye kuba \u201cagakingirizo ka SDECE\u201d kandi \u201cyakoreshwaga na Leta y\u2019u Bufaransa, mu bitero byibasiye abantu bakomeye muri Tunisia \u201d. Yakoreshejwe na SDECE &#8220;mu bikorwa itashoboraga kwemera&#8221; kuko yagombaga &#8220;gukorera hanze yigihugu gusa&#8221;, mu gihe urwego rwa DST (Direction de la surveillance du territoire)rwakoreraga imbere mu gihugu. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Intangiriro y&#8217;ibikorwa<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mu mateka y&#8217;ibanga ya Repubulika ya gatanu, Roger Faligot na Jean Guisnel bavuga ko \u00ab\u00a0 La Main rouge \u00a0\u00bb yari \u201cimashini yo kwica y\u2019inzego z\u2019ibanga z\u2019u Bufaransa\u201d. Nk\u2019uko aba banditsi babitangaza, uburenganzira bwo gukora bw\u2019uyu mutwe bwatanzwe na guverinoma y\u2019abasosiyalisiti ya Guy Mollet wari ukuriye inama y\u2019abaminisitiri kuva muri Gashyantare 1956 kugeza muri Kamena 1957. <\/p>\n<p><strong>Imikorere<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Biyobowe kuva mu 1958 n\u2019umujyanama wihariye wa Gen. de Gaulle, Jacques Foccart, wavuganaga na Minisitiri w\u2019intebe, Michel Debr\u00e9, Gen. Paul Grossin, umuyobozi wa SDECE, na Colonel Robert Roussillat wari ukuriye ishami rishinzwe operations, (zigamije gusenya intwaro) mbere y\u2019uko zishyikirizwa FLN) na Homo (kubwicanyi) ntibasigaga ibimenyetso inyuma.<\/p>\n<p>Gusa, muri 2017, hagaragaye inyandiko yo ku itariki ya 1 Kanama 1958 yashyizweho umukono yabonetse mu bubiko bwa Jacques Foccart  yohererejwe n\u2019ishami rishinzwe ibikorwa ku mujyanama mu bya tekinike wa General de Gaulle, igaragaza imikorere ya La Main Rouge.<\/p>\n<p>Ibikorwa byo kugoreka amakuru<\/p>\n<p>Kugoreka amakuru ku miterere ya \u00ab\u00a0 La Main rouge \u00a0\u00bb byongerewe imbaraga no kwatura kudasanzwe kwatanzwe ku itariki ya 27 Ugushyingo 1959, mu kinyamakuru Daily Mail cyo mu Bwongereza mu nkuru yanditswe na Christian Durieux, aho uwigaragazaga nk&#8217;umwarimu ukiri muto wavugaga ko ari umwe mu bayobozi ba \u00ab\u00a0 La Main rouge \u00a0\u00bb. Ikiganiro yatanze cyahererekanyijwe mu binyamakuru byinshi, harimo icyo mu Budage, Der Spiegel. Ariko, Durieux mu by\u2019ukuri yari umunyamakuru ukorera SDECE.<\/p>\n<p>Igitabo cyasohowe mu 1960 n\u2019umwanditsi w\u2019inkuru z\u2019ubutasi (romancier d&#8217;espionnage), Pierre Gen\u00e8ve, kigaragaza izamuka rya \u00ab\u00a0 La Main rouge \u00a0\u00bb, mu buryo bw\u2019ikiganiro kirekire n\u2019umwe mu bayobozi bayo, asobanura ishingiro ry\u2019ibikorwa byayo. Nk\u2019uko iperereza ryakozwe n\u2019umunyamakuru w\u2019inkuru zicukumbuye, Vincent Nouzille, ngo mu by\u2019ukuri, ibintu byose \u201cbyahimbwe n\u2019inzobere mu icengezamatwara za SDECE\u201d. Umuyobozi w&#8217;ikigo rukumbi cyasohoye iki gitabo, yari umukozi mu rwego rw\u2019iperereza mu Bufaransa witwa Jacques Latour.<\/p>\n<p>Bob Maloubier, wahoze ari umurwanyi wagize uruhare mu ishyirwaho rya serivisi y&#8217;ibikorwa, avuga ko \u201cIgihe cyose habaga ikintu, twaravugaga tuti: ni \u00ab\u00a0 La Main rouge \u00a0\u00bb! Kandi La Main rouge ntiyabagaho rwose! byarengeraga serivisi \u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00ab\u00a0 La Main Rouge \u00a0\u00bb ni izina ry\u2019umutwe witwaje intwaro w\u2019ibanga w\u2019Abafaransa , wagabye ibitero byinshi mu Burayi no muri Afurika y\u2019Amajyaruguru mu myaka ya za 1950, mu gihe cy\u2019abakoloni. Uyu mutwe bivugwa ko wari \u201citsinda ry\u2019urupfu\u201d ndetse bamwe bafata nk\u2019umutwe w\u2019iterabwoba, wakomotse ku matsinda mato yashingiwe muri Tunisia mu 1952 kandi ugizwe n\u2019abazungu n&#8217;abapolisi [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":4,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[7],"tags":[126],"class_list":["post-64619","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-utuntu-nutundi","tag-amamenyesha"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v28.3 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>\u00ab\u00a0 La Main Rouge \u00a0\u00bb umwe mu mitwe y\u2019iterabwoba ya mbere yabayeho washinzwe n\u2019u Bufaransa - BWIZA<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/bwiza.com\/?p=64619\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"\u00ab\u00a0 La Main Rouge \u00a0\u00bb umwe mu mitwe y\u2019iterabwoba ya mbere yabayeho washinzwe n\u2019u Bufaransa - BWIZA\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"\u00ab\u00a0 La Main Rouge \u00a0\u00bb ni izina ry\u2019umutwe witwaje intwaro w\u2019ibanga w\u2019Abafaransa , wagabye ibitero byinshi mu Burayi no muri Afurika y\u2019Amajyaruguru mu myaka ya za 1950, mu gihe cy\u2019abakoloni. 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