Kuva Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu Rwanda mu 1994 yarangira uwitwa Col Theoneste Bagosora yakomeje gushyirwa mu majwi ashinjwa gutegura ndetse no kuba ari we watanze amabwiriza yo kuyishyira mu bikorwa nyuma y’ihanurwa ry’indege yari itwaye perezida Habyarimana. Uyu mugabo nyuma yo gutsindwa n’ingabo zari iza FPR ari nazo zahagaritse iyi jenoside, yavuze ko kuba Abatutsi barishwe ari bo bizize.
Uyu mugabo kuri ubu ufite imyaka 75 akaba yaranakatiwe n’Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha igifungo cya burundu nyuma yo guhamwa n’uruhare rwe mu gutegura no gushyira mu bikorwa jenoside, bamwe bamufata nka Heinrich Himmler cyangwa Hitler wo mu Rwanda.
Nubwo umwe yari umuzungu undi akaba umwirabura, ingengabitekerezo z’urwango zari zarasabitse Bagosora kimwe nka Hitler wateguye ndetse agashyira mu bikorwa Jenoside yakorewe Abayahudi.
Byavuzwe ko, Col Bagosora muri Mata 1994 ari we watanze amabwiriza yo gushyira mu bikorwa umugambi wari umaze igihe warateguwe wo kurimbura Abatutsi nyuma y’amezi atatu gusa abasaga miliyoni bakaba barahasize ubuzima.
Nyuma ya jenoside, abayiteguye bagerageje kwerekana ko atari jenoside ahubwo ari ubwicanyi ndengakamere bwatewe n’ubwoba n’umujinya ngo umuntu atari kubona uko ahagarika.
Nyuma yo gutangiza jenoside yamaze amezi 3, Col Bagosora ni umwe mu bahungiye mu gihugu cya Zaire ari cyo Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo y’ubu.
Bivugwa ko akimara kurenga umupaka w’u Rwanda ageze muri Zaire yitegereje udusozi two mu Rwanda maze agatanga ubutumwa bubiri bubabaje ahakana ibyo yari amaze gukora nk’uko byatangajwe n’ikinyamakuru The Guardian mu nkuru yacyo yo mu 2008.
Ngo Bagosora yavuze ko nta jenoside yabaye, ahubwo ari ubwicanyi Abatutsi bihamagariye. Yongeyeho ko ubwo bwicanyi butarangiye, aho ngo yateganyaga kuzagaruka mu Rwanda akarangiriza noneho icya rimwe Abatutsi.
Dore amagambo Bagosora yivugiye: “Abantu baravuga ngo Bagosora yakoze ibi yakoze biriya, ko mfite amaraso y’Abatutsi mu biganza byanjye. Ariko se abo bantu bishwe barihe? Niba barapfuye nuko bari inyeshyamba, cyangwa abaturage bari babarakariye”. Yakomeje agira ati: “Ariko ni ukuri Abatutsi ni ikibazo. Bigaruriye igihugu cy’Abahutu. Tuzongera tubarwanye kugeza ubwo Abatutsi bose bazagenda”
Bagosora bivugwa ko yari umuntu utinyitse ariko noneho by’umwihariko ngo akarushaho gukanga agize ngo aramwenyura, yagiye yitiranywa n’abakozi basanzwe b’abasivili kenshi, ariko ngo aho yari yicaye hagati mu bandi mu nkambi yashinzwe n’izari ingabo za leta muri Zaire, nta gushidikanya ko ari we wari umuyobozi mukuru wazo mu by’ukuri.
Urukiko Mpuzamahanga Mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda, rwagaragaje ko ibyabaye mu Rwanda mu 1994 atari impanuka cyangwa ikintu cyahutiweho ari umugambi wateguwe. Mu rubanza rwa Bagosora, hagaragajwe ko ari we washishikarije ingabo n’Interahamwe yashinze, kurimbura Abatutsi. Uyu ngo akaba ari we wagenzuraga byose muri jenoside nk’uko byemejwe n’umwe mu bashinjacyaha witwa Barbara Mulvaney.
Mu ntangiriro y’imyaka ya za 90, u Rwanda rwokejwe igututu n’amahanga arusaba gufungura urubuga rukemera ko habaho amashyaka menshi rukarekeraho gukomeza gutegekwa n’ishyaka rimwe (MRND) ndetse runaterwa n’impunzi z’Abanyarwanda, zari zaraheze hanze y’igihugu, ziturutse muri Uganda.
Nyuma yo kotswa igitutu perezida Habyarimana yemeye politiki y’amashyaka menshi, ariko muri ayo mashyaka hanavukamo ayari aje aje guhangana n’uwitwa Umututsi. Ubwo niko Habyarimana yanotswaga igitutu kandi n’amahanga n’Abahutu bamwe na bamwe batari bashyigikiye ubutegetsi bwe, bamusaba kugirana imishyikirano na FPR yari yarigaruriye igice kinini cy’amajyaruguru y’u Rwanda.
Aha niho Bagosora n’abandi bahezanguni b’Abahutu bagiriye igitekerezo cyo gushinga umutwe w’Interahamwe hagati mu ngengabitekerezo zawo harimo kwanga Umututsi. Amategeko 10 yongeye kugaragara, basaba abaturage guhaguruka bakaba maso bagahangana n’umwanzi wabo ari we Mututsi ndetse hasabwa ko Abatutsi bakumirwa muri politiki, muri guverinoma ndetse no mu ngabo. Muri ayo mategeko 10 y’Abahutu irya 8 rikaba ryaranabuzaga Abahutu kugirira impuhwe Umututsi.
Umushinjacyaha Barbara Mulvaney we yavuze ko Bagosora yatangiye ubwicanyi muri 90 aho yabaga mu Kigo cya Gisirikare cya Kanombe. Yavuze ko muri 90 Bagosora ari kumwe n’abandi babiri bashinjwaga uruhare muri jenoside, barundanyije Abatutsi bagera ku 1,500 bakabakorera iyicarubozo ndetse bakica bamwe muri bo, nyuma bigakomeza gahoro gahoro bigisha abaturage umwanzi wabo uwo ari we, barangije bashinga umutwe w’Interahamwe bajya kuzitoreza mu bigo bya gisirikare bitandukanye ari nabwo bateguye amalisiti y’abantu bagombaga kuzicwa.
Mu 1992, Bagosora ngo yategetse abayobozi muri minisiteri y’ingabo kugaragaza amazina y’abantu bakekwaho kuba abanzi b’igihugu n’ibyitso byabo. Kuri lisiti zakozwe hakaba hari harimo n’Abahutu bari bashyigikiye inzira y’imishyikirano hagati ya leta na FPR. Iyo lisiti ikaba yaraje kuvumburwa mu modoka y’umwe mu basirikare bakuru wari umaze kugwa mu mpanuka y’imodoka.
Nyuma y’umwaka umwe, uwari minisitiri w’ingabo bivugwa ko atari ashyigikiye umugambi wo kwica abantu witwa James Gasana, ngo yagerageje gushaka kwambura ibirwanisho Interahamwe, ariko Bagosora amukangisha kumwica biba ngombwa ko akuramo ake karenge n’umuryango we bahungira mu Butaliyani. Augustin Bizimana wamusimbuye, akaba yaraje akomeza guha intwaro Interahamwe.
Mu ntangiriro za Mata 1994, ngo Col. Luc Marshall w’Umubiligi wari umuyobozi mu ngabo za MINUAR, yabwiwe na Bagosora ko inzira imwe rukumbi yo kurangiza ibibazo by’u Rwanda ar’ukumaraho Abatutsi.
Nyuma y’iminsi mike nibwo Habyarimana yemeye kumvira amahanga ajya muri Tanzania gushyira umukono ku masezerano y’amahoro hagati y’ubutegetsi bwe na FPR, aho ingabo za FPR zari zigiye kuvangwa n’iza leta, ariko mu gutaha avuye Arusha Habyarimana akaba yararasiwe mu ndege yari imutwaye ageze hafi y’ikibuga cy’indege cya Kanombe.
Umushinjacyaha Barbara yatangaje ko iyo Habyarimana aramuka akandagiye mu Rwanda amahoro Bagosora yari kubura inzu yabagamo, akabura umwanya yari afite ndetse akabura n’akazi. Aho ngo ni ku muntu ku giti cye, ariko ngo yari no guhatirwa gusenya umutwe w’Interahamwe ndetse ingabo zikivanga n’iza FPR. Ibi rero ngo Bagosora ntiyabikozwaga biba ngombwa ko ashaka uko yahagarika Habyarimana ari nayo ntangiriro y’ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’umugambi wa Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.
Nubwo Abateguye bakanashyira mu bikorwa jenoside bagerageje gushinja FPR kuba ari yo yahanuye indege ya Habyarimana, umushinjacyaha Barbara Mulvaney we ngo kuba ari Bagosora wabikoze abishidikanyaho gato cyane.
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Nsengiyumva Phillippe/Bwiza.com
