Nelson Mandela, Haile Selassie, Thomas Sankara n’abandi n’abandi, ni bamwe mu bategetsi bo muri Afurika badashobora kuzibagirana mu mateka y’uyu mugabane kubera uruhare bagiye bagira mu guharanira ubwigenge n’ubwisanzure by’abaturage babo ndetse rimwe narimwe bikaba byaragiye bibagiraho ingaruka ariko ntibatezuke ku ntego zabo nubwo hari n’ababizize.
Dore urutonde rw’abategetsi beza 10 b’ibihe byose Afurika yagize
Nelson Mandela
Nelson Mandela yamenyekanye cyane kubera uruhare rwe mu kurwanya ivanguraruhu ryaranze igihugu cye cya Afurika y’Epfo mu myaka yashize. Nyakwigendera Mandela wafata Umuhinde Mahtma Gandhi, yarwanyije guverinoma ya Afurika y’Epfo mu mahoro na politiki zayo z’ivanguraruhu bimuviramo gufungwa imyaka igera kuri 27. Nyuma yo gufungurwa, yabaye perezida w’iki gihugu guhera kuwa 10 Gicurasi 1994 kugeza kuwa 14 kamena 1999. Kuri ubu nubwo atakiriho afatwa nk’ikimenyetso cy’amahoro ku Isi ndetse n’uwabaye umuyobozi mwiza mu mateka ya Afurika. Yabashije no kwegukana igihembo cy’Amahoro cyitiriwe Nobel mu 1993.
Kwame Nkrumah
Kwame Nkrumah yabaye Umuyobozi wa Ghana n’igihe yari ikitwa Gold Coast, kuva mu 1951 kugeza mu 1966. Nkrumah niwe wabaye Minisitiri w’Intebewa mbere wa Ghana. Ni umwe kandi mu bashinze uwahoze ari Umuryango w’Ubumwe bwa Afurika kuri ubu witwa Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe.
Alpha Oumar Konare
Alpha Oumar Konare yabaye perezida wa Mali muri manda 2 hagati y’1992 na 2002. Igihe cy’ubuyobozi bwe, bivugwa ko yazamuye cyane ubukungu bw’igihugu cye ndetse akimakaza demokarasi. Yabaye umuyobozi wa Afurika yunze Ubumwe hagati ya 2003 na 2008. Yaharaniye amahoro ndetse no kwishyiraha hamwe kw’ibihugu byo muri Afurika y’uburengerazuba ubutagoheka, ndetse akaba yaranabaye perezida w’Umuryango uhuza ibi bihugu (ECOWAS) mu 1999. Uyu nawe afatwa nk’umwe mu bategetsi beza b’ibihe byose Afurika yagize.
Haile Selassie
Yahawe kuyobora igihugu cya Ethiopia kuva mu 1916 kugeza mu 1930 mu gihe ubwami bwacyo bwagaragazaga intege nke, ndetse aza kukibera umwami w’abami kuva mu 1930 kugeza mu 1974. Azwiho cyane kuba yarabashije gukoma mu nkokora ibitero by’Abataliyani bashakaga gukoloniza igihugu cye. Mu 1936, ubwo yari mu cyahoze ari Umuryango w’Ibihugu, kuri ubu witwa Umuryango w’Abibumbye, yamaganye ikoreshwa ry’intwaro z’uburozi Abataliyani bakoreshaga ku baturage be mu Ntambara ya Kabiri hagati y’u Butaliyani na Ethiopia. Yagize uruhare runini nawe mu gutangiza Umuryango w’Ubumwe bwa Afurika (OUA), ndetse ibitekerezo bye bituma igihugu cya Ethiopia kiba kimwe mu byashinze Umuryango w’Abibumbye (U.N.)
Julius Nyerere
Julius Kambarage Nyerere ni umwe mu banyafurika bubashywe. Yabaye perezida wa mbere wa Tanzania ayiyobora kuva kuwa 29 Ukwakira 1964 kugeza kuwa 05 Ugushyingo 1985. Yaje kurekura ubutegetsi ku bushake bwe mu 1985. Mu 1964 yagize uruhare mu kwishyira hamwe kwa Zanzibar na Tanganyika biba Tanzania tuzi ubu. Uyu muyobozi nawe ufatwa nk’umwe mu beza Afurika yagize, yarwanyije ruswa bikomeye ndetse akaba yarubahwaga na benshi mu bayobozi bo mu gihe cye.
Patrice Lumumba
Patrice Emery Lumumba niwe washinze ishyaka Mouvement National Congolais (MNC). Yagize uruhare runini mu guharanira ubwigenge bwa Congo yari ikolonijwe n’u Bubiligi, aba Minisitiri w’Intebe wa mbere watowe mu nzira ya demokarasi wa Congo. Yaharaniye kandi ubumwe bw’Abanyekongo ndetse n’ubwAbanyafurika muri rusange nyuma aza kugambanirwa ahirikwa ku butegetsi n’igisirikare cyari kiyobowe na Joseph Mobutu. Yaje gufatirwa muri Katanga ari naho yiciwe kuwa 17 Mutarama 1961. Bivugwa ko Umuryango w’Abibumbye wamutereranye ukanga kumutabara kandi byarashobokaga.
Thomas Sankara
Thomas Isidore Noel Sankara yabaye perezida wa Burkina faso kuva mu 1983 kugeza mu 1987. Yafashe ubutegetsi mu 1983 ku myaka 33 y’amavuko, yiyemeza kurandura ruswa no gukomeza kugengwa n’ubutegetsi bw’u Bufaransa. Benshi bamwita « Che Guavara w’Umunyafurika ». yari umusirikare ufite ipeti rya captain, aba umucurabwenge wa Panafricanism, ndetse akaba yari azwiho guha agaciro igitsinagore. Yari ikitegererezo kuri rwinshi mu rubyiruko rw’abanyafurika mu myaka ya za 80, ndetse n’ubu ni intwari kuri benshi mu baturage ba Burkina Faso. Thomas sankara yaje kwicwa n’agatsiko k’abantu bitwaje intwaro kuwa 05 Ukwakira 1987, ariko na n’ubu ibijyanye n’urupfu rwe n’ababigizemo uruhare biracyari mu butabera.
Jomo Kenyatta
Jomo Kenyatta niwe wabaye perezida wa mbere wa Kenya. Igihugu cye cyabonye ubwigenge mu 1963. Kenyatta kandi niwe wabaye Minisitiri w’Intebe wa mbere wa Kenya kuva mu 1963 kugeza mu 1964 ndetse aba perezida kuva mu 1964 kugeza mu 1978. Yazanye ituze n’iterambere ry’ubukungu muri Kenya ndetse agira uruhare mu gutuma igihugu cye cyakirwa nk’umunyamuryango wa Loni.
Samora Machel
Samora Machel nawe niwe wabaye perezida wa mbere wa Mozambique. Yabaye perezida w’iki gihugu kuva cyabona ubwigenge mu 1975 kugeza yitabye Imana mu 1986. Yari umuyobozi w’ingabo ndetse n’uw’impinduramatwara ishingiye ku mahame ya gisosiyalisiti. Samora Machel ngo yari umuyobozi ureba kure ndetse yari yubashywe cyane n’abaturage ba Mozambique ndetse ibikorwa bye n’ingengabitekerezo bye bikaba bikomeje gufasha benshi mu baturage ba Mozambique. Yaje kwitaba Imana mu buryo bw’amayobera aguye mu mpanuka y’indege.
Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf
Ellen Johnson-Sirleaf ni perezida wa Liberia kuri ubu ndetse akaba ari uwa 24 iki gihugu kigize. Uyu niwe mugore wa mbere wabaye perezida muri Afurika nyuma yo gutsinda amatora ya perezida yo mu 2005. Yatangiye akazi ke kuwa 18 Mutarama 2006. Abantu benshi bamushimira ko yabashije kugarura ituze mu gihugu cye nyuma y’imyaka myinshi kiba mu ntambara z’urudaca hagati y’abaturage. Yahawe igihembo cy’amahoro cya Nobel mu 2011. Kuri ubu buyobozi bwe, ngo abaturage benshi b’igihugu cye bashobora kwizera ejo hazaza heza h’igihugu cyabo.
Src:Africanranking.com
Dennis Ns./Bwiza.com
