Mu myaka yashize, iyo bavugaga intambara zo muri Congo, abantu bahitaga batekereza ku mitwe yitwaje intwaro, imbunda za AK-47 n’imirwano ibera mu mashyamba. Ariko ubu isura y’urugamba iragenda ihinduka.
Uyu munsi, mbere y’uko isasu rya mbere riraswa, hashobora kuba habanje koherezwa drone, hakifashishwa amashusho y’ibyogajuru, cyangwa hagakoreshwa uburyo bugezweho bwo gukusanya amakuru.
Ibi ni bimwe mu bimenyetso byerekana ko intambara zo muri Kivu zigenda zinjira mu gihe gishya.
Drones zahinduye amategeko y’urugamba
Mu 2024 na 2025, hagaragaye amashusho menshi yerekana ikoreshwa rya drones mu bitero no mu butasi.
Ibyo byahinduye uburyo bwo kurwana kuko byagabanyije icyuho kiri hagati y’aho umwanzi ari n’ubushobozi bwo kumumenya.
Hari amakuru yafashwe n’amashusho agaragaza ko FARDC yakoresheje drones z’ubutasi n’izifasha mu kuyobora ibitero.
Hari kandi raporo zerekana ko hari drones zicuruzwa mu buryo bwihuse ku isoko mpuzamahanga zageze no mu karere.
Amakuru y’ibyogajuru yabaye intwaro
Uyu munsi, ingabo nyinshi ku isi ntizishingira gusa ku butasi bw’abantu. Zikoresha amashusho y’ibyogajuru kugira ngo zikurikirane ibikorwa by’uruhande bahanganye.
Mu ntambara zo muri Kivu, amakuru ava ku byogajuru akoreshwa n’imiryango mpuzamahanga, ibigo byigenga ndetse n’itangazamakuru mu gusesengura uko imirwano ihinduka.
Nubwo ibyo bidahita bivuga ko ayo makuru ahabwa impande zirwana, byerekana ko kugenzura urugamba bishingiye ku ikoranabuhanga kurushaho.
Electronic Warfare: Urugamba rutagaragara
Intambara z’ubu ntizikorerwa ku butaka gusa. Hari no guhangana mu rwego rw’itumanaho.
Mu bice bitandukanye by’isi, ibihugu bikoresha uburyo bwo kubangamira drones, guhagarika GPS cyangwa kugenzura itumanaho.
Nta bimenyetso bifatika byerekana ko ibyo bikorwa biri ku rwego rumwe muri Kivu, ariko inzobere mu mutekano zivuga ko uko ikoranabuhanga rikomeza kugera mu karere, n’ubu buryo bushobora kwiyongera.
Intambara y’amakuru
Kimwe mu bice byagaragaye cyane muri Kivu ni intambara y’amakuru.
Amashusho ya drones, amafoto y’ibikoresho byafashwe, videwo z’imirwano n’amatangazo atangwa vuba ku mbuga nkoranyambaga bikoreshwa mu kugaragaza intsinzi cyangwa kugabanya icyizere cy’urundi ruhande.
Ibi bituma urugamba rutabera gusa ku kibuga cy’intambara, ahubwo rukabera no mu bitekerezo by’abaturage.
Kuki Kivu ikurura ikoranabuhanga rya gisirikare?
Hari impamvu eshatu zikomeye: Imiterere y’ubutaka bwa Kivu (imisozi, amashyamba n’ibiyaga) ituma drones ziba ingenzi kurusha uko byari bisanzwe.
Umubare munini w’imitwe yitwaje intwaro utuma gukusanya amakuru yihuse biba ingenzi, uburemere bwa politiki ndetse n’ubukungu bw’aka karere nabyo bigira uruhare ku mpande zose zishora imari mu buryo bwo kubona amakuru mbere y’undi.
Ese Afurika irimo kwinjira mu gihe gishya?
Si Congo gusa Sudani, Sahel na Ethiopia na byo byagaragayemo ikoreshwa rya drones mu buryo bwagutse.
Ibi bishobora gusobanura ko intambara zo muri Afurika zigiye kurushaho gushingira ku ikoranabuhanga kuruta ku mubare w’abasirikare.
Kuvuga ko Congo yabaye Ukraine ya Afurika bishobora kuba ari ugukabya, kubera ko urugero rw’ikoranabuhanga, ubufasha mpuzamahanga n’uburemere bw’intambara bitandukanye cyane.
Ariko hari ikintu kimwe kidashidikanywaho, Kivu iri mu hantu hake muri Afurika hagaragaza neza uburyo intambara z’iki gihe zigenda zihinduka.
Uyu munsi, ushobora gutsinda urugamba atari uko ufite abasirikare benshi gusa, ahubwo kubera ko ufite drone nziza, amakuru y’ibyogajuru yihuse n’ubushobozi bwo gufata icyemezo mbere y’uwo muhanganye.
Iyi ni yo mpamvu umuntu iyo avuze ko Kivu ishobora kuba ari laboratwari z’intambara z’ejo hazaza muri Afurika, si uko ari yo ifite ikoranabuhanga rihanitse kurusha ahandi, ahubwo ni uko ari hamwe mu hantu hagaragaza neza uko ikoranabuhanga rigenda rihindura uburyo intambara z’akarere zikorwa.
