Kubona amakamyo atwara ibicuruzwa yambukiranya imipaka agenda kandi agaruka, kubona abayatwara bikoza mu ngo zabo akanya bakaba barongeye baragiye ni kimwe. Ariko gutekereza ku mibereho abayatwara bahura nayo buri munsi n’ibibazo bahuriramo ni ikindi. Iyo uganiriye nabo, nubwo batagaya ko uyu murimo ubatunze, ariko bavuga ko bawuvunikiramo: bakora amasaha y’ikirenga, bakatwa amafaranga nta mpamvu, nta bwishingizi bwo kwivuza, nta guhembwa kuzwi… Amasaziro yabo ateye kwibaza.
Bakora urugendo ruruhanyije. Rudasaba kuvuga ngo burije cyangwa burakeye. Kuko biterwa n’umuzigo ugiye kuzana, igihe ugiye kuwuzanira, ubukenerwe (ubwihutirwe bwawo), ubwihutirwe bw’indi mizigo izaza nyuma y’uwo bikurikije ibirimo nuko bikenewe ku isoko n’ibindi.
Gutwara amakamyo yambukiranya imipaka si ikintu ugikora yakwiheraho gahunda, urugero ngo avuge ati “muri kiriya cyumweru nzaruhuka cyangwa nzakora iki n’iki.” Bagendera kuri gahuda za ba Sebuja bijyanye n’uko ubucuruzi (business) bwabo bupanze. Nta kuruhuka. Rutaremara Antime n’umugore we Irène Uwantege ni abashoferi. Ubwo baganiraga n’igitangazamakuru gikorera kuri Youtube Moriox Media, cy’umunyamakuru Tidjara Kabendera, bavuye imuzi ibibazo bahura nabyo. Imodoka zigenda igihe kinini zigakora ingendo ndende. Byumvikane ko zinagira ibibazo bya tekiniki byinshi. Nk’uko babivuga, ubibwira Sobuja ko imodoka irwaye iki n’iki ati “wowe komeza tuzabikora ugeze I Kigali, wagera Kigali wamwibutsa ati uzabitunganya ugeze Tanzania.” Ibi ngo abashoferi nk’abantu bakuru hari igihe bavuga bati “nta guhora uririmbira umuntu ibyo uhura nabyo kandi igikoresho ari icye, bakabigenderaho ariko bishyira mu byago bo ubwabo ndetse n’ikinyabiziga.”
Ntibahakana ko hari amafaranga y’urugendo bahabwa ariko ayo akora byinshi birimo kubatunga, gukoresha ibipfa bya hato na hato ku buryo hari igihe amafaranga ashira, ibindi bibazo byaza ukabura icyo ukoresha. Muri icyo kiganiro, Rutaremara bakunda kwita Ché Guevala ati “abakoresha bashaka kwakira ariko ntibashaka gusohora.” Gusa ngo ibyo si kubakoresha bose kuko hari n’abagerageza kubumva.
Amafaranga y’urugendo (mileage) adahagije
Urugendo rurerure rusaba amafaranga. Ikibazo rero bagira nuko amafaranga bahabwa y’urugendo bita mileage, bamwe mu bakoresha bashaka kuyafata nk’aho ari amafaranga agomba gutunga umushoferi agakoresha n’imodoka. Kandi ubundi ari ay’akagombye gutunga umushoferi mu rugendo. Umushoferi ugenda, akenera kurya, kuryama, kwiyitaho n’ibindi. Ibyo rero abakoresha bitwaza ko babahemba ku kwezi bakumva ko n’ayo ya mileage ari nk’undi mushahara babagenera kandi ari ibyo bagenerwa mu rugendo. Aya mafaranga gusa ariko ntakora ibyo yagakoze.
Irène ati” Ahantu tugirira amahoro ni hano mu Rwanda. Naho ukigera ku mupaka kugera ku cyambu. Ugomba guha umupolisi fanta,amazi yo kunywa”. Yungamo ati “kandi ibi ntubikora ku mupolisi umwe, ubikora ku bapolisi bose muri buhure igihe uba ugenda n’igihe uzaba ugaruka. Yewe no mu cyambu ugushyiriraho kontineri ugomba kumuha ikintu”. Ubwo yakoranaga urugendo nabo, uyu umunyamakuru Tidjara wari ugamije kureba muri make urugendo abo bashoferi banyuramo n’ibyo bahuriramo, ngo yatunguwe no kubona ukuntu aho anyuze hose, kuri buri mupolisi, agira icyo amuha. Rimwe ngo aramubaza ngo “ese ko ubaha make”? Undi aramusubiza ati “waba uzi umubare w’abari imbere bandi ngomba guha, ndetse nabo nzaha ngaruka?” Tidjara arumirwa.
Ibi byose abashoferi babikura muri ya mafaranga baba babariwe ya mileage, amwe umukoresha aba avuga ko bagomba no gukoreshamo imodoka igihe ihuye n’ikibazo. Nyamara abategereje kuyaryaho aba ari benshi. Nka Dar-Es-Alam, urugendo rufata iminsi itatu, hari igihe ugenda umuzigo utaraza umuboss yakubwiye ngo wowe genda. Wagera Dar-Es-Alam bikagusaba gutegereza umuzigo muri parikingi. Hari nabamara ibyumweru bategereje gupakira. Kandi parikingi yishyurwa ibihumbi bitanu ku munsi na bitanu n’ijoro nk’uko babivuga. Hejuru y’ibyo uwo muntu ararya akaryama. Ibi byiyongera kuri twa tubazo tundi imodoka igira twavuze ruguru.Iyo urebye usanga ayo mafaranga ashira mbere mbese ugasanga rimwe umushoferi agarutse ari mu myenda.
Ubundi nk’uko abashoferi babivuga, uko ayo mafaranga ya mileage yabarwaga kuva muri za 1995 ni ko akibarwa n’ubu. Ni amadolari magana atatu (300$). Ariko uko yabazwe icyo gihe ifaranga rigifite agaciro ni nako akomeza kubarwa ubu. Uyu mushoferi ati “Gutwara ikamyo bisaba kuba wariye bifatika si ukurya ubusa. Niba mu gitondo ufashe ifunguro rya bitatu (3000Frw), Saa sita bitanu na n’ijoro bitanu. Ibi bivuze ko nibura ku munsi umushoferi uririye make arira ibihumbi 13. Aho kuryama ntihajya munsi y’ibihumbi 20. Ibaze nawe igihe utegereje umuzigo mu byumweru bitatu. Urashirirwa ugasigara ubwira abandi ngo bakugurize kuko umukoresha we ntiyayaguha.”
Nk’aho ayo mafaranga ari menshi, bamwe mubaboss bahisemo gufata iyo mileage aho kuyishyura mu madorari bayishyira mu manyarwanda. Ya madolari 300 yari kuba ahwanye n’ibihumbi birenga 390 mu manyarwanda, ugereranije n’agaciro k’idolari ubu, bo bakarivunja ku noti y’igihumbi. Ubwo urumva ko baba banibiyemo umushoferi bakamuha ibihumbi magana atatu. Wa mushoferi uyahawe mu manyarwanda, yagera mu guhugu agiyemo agasabwa kuvunjisha ya mafaranga mu mafaraga y’aho, ari nako agaciro kayo kagabanuka. Uru rugendo ruvuzwe ni urw’umuntu ujya Dar-Es-Alam. Iyo akeneye kujya Mombasa azongera avunjishe mu mashilingi ya Kenya, nagaruka anyure Uganda nabwo avunjishe mu magande. Ibi byose bikagabanya ka gaciro k’amafaranga yakuye mu Rwanda.
Mu nkuru ikinyamakuru Kigalitoday cyatangaje muri Werurwe 2023 https://www.kigalitoday.com/amakuru/amakuru-mu-rwanda/article/abatwara-amakamyo-yambukiranya-imipaka-barasaba-ko-uyu-murimo-uhabwa-agaciro umwe mu bashoferi bayitanzeho igitekerezo yavuze ko hejuru y’ibyo bibazo hari n’ibindi abashoferi bahura nabyo bakinumira. Yaravuze ati “ ndasaba abakoresha bacu kudukiza bamaneja (managers) ,ba sharuwa (charroi) ba n’abandi bayobozi bagiye batangukanye muri campany. Bimaze kuba umuco mu makampani atandukanye wo kutwaka ruswa ihoraho, buri uko ufashe mileage. Gutumwa ibiribwa bitandukanye ku buntu kuko iyo utabikoze bagushakaho ibyaha ukirukanwa.” Noel Nkulikiye nawe w’umushoferi ati “Ikibazo uhuye na cyo mu muhanda n’iyo cyaba ari icy’imodoka, ni wowe ubwawe ucyikemurira nk’umushoferi.Urugero niba ipine imwe itobotse, iyo ubimenyesheje umukoresha, akubaza impamvu atatobotse yose kandi yaragiriyeho rimwe, akagusaba kuba ari wowe uryishyura”.
Nyamara ariko ngo hari utuntu dutoya nko gutoboka ipine, itara ryapfuye…bidategereza ko wahamagara ngo munyoherereze aya ukabyikorera nyine kuko aba ari wowe responsible” w’urugendo. Ubwo bari mukiganiro EYE SHOT gitegurwa n’umunyamakuru Anne Marie Niwemwiza ku rukuta rwa X (yahoze ari twitter), umwe mu batumirwa w’umushoferi witwa Bigirimana Samuel yavuze ko hirya y’ayo mafaranga ya mileage abashoferi bahembwa intica ntikize. Bamwe ibihumbi 120, abandi ibihumbi 150, 200 ngo abahembwa ibihumbi 250 babarirwa ku mitwe y’intoki. Kuri we ,ibi bigira ingaruka kuko igihe ayo mafaranga mu Rwanda ari make, hari abanyamahanga baza bakayafata kuko iyo bayavunje muy’iwabo (Si ngombwa kuvuga ibyo bihugu Ndlr) amafaranga aba menshi kandi akabagirira akamaro bigatuma ari bo bisanga ku isoko ryo gutwara amakamyo mu Rwanda kuko bibungukira.
Gukora ubutaruhuka bita gukora “bucakara”
Ubwo yaganirizaga abanyamakuru bari mu mahugurwa ku nkuru z’ubucuruzi, umuyobozi wa sendika y’abashoferi batwara amakamyo Kanyagisaka Justin na we yavuze ko abashoferi b’amakamyo bahura n’imvune nyinshi. Ati”Bitewe n’aho umuntu ajya haba Mombasa cyangwa Dar-Es-Alam,igihe yahawe cyo kuba yazanye umuzigo, hari aho umushoferi amara nibura amasaha 18 ataruhuka atwaye imodoka. Uyu mushoferi aramutse afashe umwanya wo kuruhuka bihagije yakwisanga iminsi yagenewe yo kujya no kuzana imizigo yamushiranye. Bigasaba ko akora bishyira ubuzima bwe mu kaga.”
Iyo basubiye inyuma abashoferi bavuga ko mu minsi yashize hari gihe umushoferi yabaga afite umufasha we (boy chauffeur). Uyu akaba yamwakira mu rugendo. Abakoresha rero ngo basanze uyu ufasha shoferi ari umutwaro ku mufuka wabo cyane ko nabo bahabwaga mileage. Bahitamo kubakuraho. Ibi bituma shoferi agenda wenyine akifasha byose mu rugendo rimwe na rimwe no kwicunga (self-control) mu rugendo. Tidjara Kabendera muri urwo rugendo twavuze haruguru, yatunguwe no kubona igihe bagendaga n’igihe bagarukaga amakamyo iruhande rw’umuhanda yaguye andi yapfuye. Uretse kuba izo mpanuka zaterwa n’ibibazo tekiniki by’imodoka, ariko nta shiti ko ibibazo by’umunaniro nabyo bishobora kuba intandaro y’izo mpanuka.
Kuri ibi hiyongeraho ko aba bashoferi nta bwishingizi bagira. Bivuze ko iyo umushoferi agize impanuka akagira ubumuga igikomeye bamukorera ari ukwirukanwa hakajyamo undi. Uwo mushoferi ukoze impanuka iyo adapfuye, nta bundi bufasha amugarira mu rugo. Umugore wa Che Guevala (wavuzwe ruguru) ati “iyo imodoka ikoze impanuka umukire abanza kubaza uko imodoka imeze mbere yo kubaza niba umushoferi yabayeho.” Ibi si no ku modoka zaguye gusa. Muri icyo kiganiro EYE SHOT cyavuzwe haruguru, Bigirimana Samuel yavuze ko “ako kazi hari aho kajya gusa n’ubucakara. Aho shobuja afata ibyemezo ashaka, igihe abishakiye kandi uko abishatse. Aho polisi badufata uko bashatse. Aho ushobora gucyura ihaho ryawe ukaryakwa nturenganurwe(…)Hari ahantu nakoraga umwaka ushize natwaraga gaz iza gutoboka irava. Nari mvuye I Mombasa ngenze nk’ibirometero 200. Nabibwiye databuja arambwira ngo save the gaz. (nkize gaz ye). Byasobanuraga ibintu bibiri. Gaz inyice cyangwa nkize gaz ye. Navuye I Mombasa ahantu hitwa Samburu ngera I Kigali nta hantu mpagaze. Nagenze iminsi ibiri hafi n’igice nta hantu mpagaze. Mu gitondo saa mbili nyuma y’urwo rugendo rwose, barambwiye ngo nakererewe ku kazi. Leta rero niyo yakagombye kudutabara.”
Kuba bafite ibi bibazo ariko ntibagire kivugira cyangwa ngo ibibazo byabo bikemuke, bamwe mu bashoferi ndetse n’abakurikira imikorere yabo bavuga ko biterwa n’ababifitemo inyungu. Umwe ati” bamwe mu baboss ni abakomeye mu gihugu cyangwa bakorana n’abagombye gufata ibyemezo bifasha abashoferi. Aho niho usanga uregwa usanga ariwe uregerwa ntihabe impinduka”.
Nyamara ariko ngo kwirengagiza ibibazo by’abashoferi bishyira mu bundi buryo n’abakoresha babo mu kaga. Kanyagisaka Justin ati “umwuga wo gutwara amakamyo si uwa buri wese. Ni ibintu bisaba gukora ubizi kandi wihangana. Kuvuga ko umushoferi avuze ibibazo ahura nabyo ugahita ufata icyemezo cyo kumwirukana ngo ushyizeho undi mushoferi,ni no kwirengagiza ko uko imodoka ihindura abayitwara ari nako habaho ingaruka z’uburyo ifatwa kuko bose batayifata kimwe”.
Uru rugendo rwo gukora ntirugira ingaruka ku kiruhuko gusa. Abahanga mu buvuzi bavuga ko bene aba bashoferi bagira ikibazo cy’indwara nk’impyiko, umugongo, umunaniro ukabije, stress, diabete, cancer… zitewe n’ako kazi bakora kandi bigoranye ko bakwivuza kuko nta bwishingizi bwo kwivuza bwabafasha kwivuza aho bishoboka hose baba bafite.
Minisitiri w’ubuzima Dr Nsanzimana Sabin yakomoje kuri ibi mu buryo butahuranije. Ubwo Inama y’Igihugu y’Umushyikirano ya 19 yari irimbanyije, yagaragaje aho uru rwego rugeze rukemura ibibangamiye amagara y’Abanyarwanda, yemeza ko hagabanyijwe kunywa itabi biva kuri 13% bigera kuri 7% ariko uyu munsi hadutse itabi abantu banywa batabizi. Yagaragaje ko umuntu wicara amasaha umunani ku munsi adahaguruka ngo akore imyitozo ngororamubiri n’iyo yaba iyoroheje, ntaho ataniye n’unywa itabi ku buryo bwa buri munsi. Ati “Ni ibintu byagaragajwe n’ubushakashatsi ko kwicara igihe kirekire biteza ibyago byo kugira indwara zitandura yaba diabète, indwara z’umutima na kanseri. Biriyongera cyane ku muntu uhora yicaye.” Yavuze ko ari ibintu byoroshye kubisonanura ko iyo umuntu yicaye, inyama zo mu nda ziba zicariye indi mitsi y’umubiri ikizinga ku buryo amaraso atabasha gutembera neza. Ati “Niba dushaka kureka itabi, tureke n’iryo ryo guhora twicaye kuko ibyago birangana.”
Niba ubu butumwa wakwibwira ko bureba abakozi bo mu biro birirwa bicaye, ibaze noneho igitegereje ejo abatwara amakamyo,cyane ayambukiranya imipaka, bicara amasaha nabo ubwabo batazi umubare,buri munsi, icyumweru, ukwezi kugashira…nta kiruhuko!
Bwiza.com
