Uko byagenze ngo abanyekongo bacibwe ibiganza n’Ababiligi

Imyaka myinshi n’ibinyejana bishize hari ibikorwa bya kinyamaswa byakorewe abirabura bari batuye umugabane wa Afurika. Bamwe bacurujwe mu bucakara hirya no hino ku Isi, bakorerwa irondaruhu, bamwe bapfira mu mirimo y’agahato cyangwa bakicwa n’ibihano bahawe.

Muri iyi nkuru turagaruka ku nkuru y’ifoto yamamaye cyane y’umugabo w’Umunyekongo witwa Nsala; se w’umwana wishwe ashinyaguriwe mu buryo bw’iyicarubozo.

Uko byagenze ngo umwana wa Nsala yicwe atya

Hari ifoto yamamaye cyane igaragza Nsala yicaye yitegereza ibirenge n’ibiganza by’umukobwa we w’imyaka 5 wari wishwe muri ubwo buryo n’abakoloni b’Ababiligi.

Nsala n’umukobwa we, Boalini, ni bamwe mu bagarukwaho mu mateka ashaririye ya Kongo (Congo).

Ubutegetsi bw’umwami Léopold II

Repubulika ya Demokarasi ya Congo yahoze ari akarima ka Léopold II wari umwami w’Ububiligi. Yayoboranye igitugu kuva mu mwaka w’1885 kugeza mu w’1905.

Léopold II yayoboranye Congo igitugu gikomeye, abaturage bagakoresha imirimo y’uburetwa bakoreraga abazungu b’Ababiligi. Icyo gihe iki gihugu cyagabanyijwemo ibice maze uyu mwami ashinga imirimo imufitiye inyungu ,inyungu zose zikoherezwa mu Bubiligi zikajya mufuka we.

Icyo gihe yakuyeho umushahara wari ugenewe abategetsi bo muri ibyo bice, ahubwo bagahembwa hakurikijwe umusaruro batanze. Ibi byatumye abantu 35 % bakoreshwa imirimo y’uburetwa n’ubucakara.

Abaturage bategekwaga gutunganya ibiti bya Rubber byakurwagamo amakakama (amata) bakayajyana, ababinaniwe bahanishwaga kwicwa barashwe, byaba ngombwa n’aho batuye hakaba hatwikwa.

Mu gihe Ababiligi bari bamaze gukoresha amasasu menshi, bafashe umwanzuro w’uko adakwiye kongera kwicishwa abantu ahubwo azifashishwa mu guhiga inyamaswa.

Icyo gihe bafashe umwanzuro w’uko bagomba kujya bacibwa ibiganza, uwabaga yazanye ibiganza byinshi yarabishimirwaga. Icyo gihe abashinzwe umutekano barushijeho guca ibiganza Abanyekongo, bakabasiga bavirirana amaraso bagapfa, cyangwa bakaba bahabwa ubufasha bakavurwa.

Nsala na Boali

Nsala ni umugabo wananiwe gutunganya amakakama ya Rubber kugira ngo ashimishe abategetsi b’umwami Léopold II. Icyo gihe bafashe umwana w’umukobwa w’imyaka itanu Boali bamuca ikiganza n’ibirenge barangije baramwica.

Bivugwa ko Ababiligi bariye ibice byumubiri wa Boali n’umugore wa Nsala maze bakazana ibice bisigaye bakabinagira Nsala, ari byo ibirenge n’ibiganza.

Niyobuhungiro David