Imitwe irwanya ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda yari yarshinze ibirindiro mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demukarasi ya Congo kuva mu 1994. Ubwo ingabo zari iza RPF-inkotanyi zabohoraga igihugu , izari ingabo z’u Rwanda (Ex-FAR) zarahunze, zihungana n’umutwe w’Interahamwe, barema umutwe wa ALiR (Army for the Liberation of Rwanda) mu 2000, waje guhinduka FDLR.
FDLR nayo yaje gucikamo ibice bitewe ahanini n’ubwumvikane buke mu buyobozi bukuru, ivamo amashami nka CRND ndetse na RUD Urunana. Havutse kandi indi mitwe nka P5 ndetse na FLN, yose ihurije ku kurwanya ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda. Iyi mitwe ntiyagowe no kuba muri RDC ku butegetsi bwa Mobutu, Laurent Desire Kabila na Joseph Kabila wakundaga kugirana ibibazo bya hato na hato n’u Rwanda, bitewe n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro iba mu mashyamba y’iburasirazuba bw’iki gihugu.
Aharindimuka no gutatanya imitwe irwanya ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda
Ibimenyetso byo gucika intege kw’imitwe irwanya ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda, cyane cyane FDLR, byatangiye kugaragara mu 2003 ubwo Gen. Maj. Paul Rwarakabije yatahukaga, aza mu Rwanda ari kumwe n’abarwanyi bagera mu 100. Impamvu yumvikanisha uburyo uyu mutwe wari ubuze umuntu ukomeye, ni uko uyu musaza ari we wawuremye ucyitwa ALiR.
Icyo gihe umutwe wa FDLR wasigaranye abayobozi bakuru nka Lt. Gen. Mudacumura wishwe arashwe n’ingabo za RDC (FARDC) tariki ya 17 Nzeri 2020, usigara uyobowe na Gen. Ntawunguka Pacifique uzwi nka Gen. Omega. Nyuma yo kuraswa kwa Mudacumura, Gen. James Kabarebe usanzwe ari umujyanama wa Perezida Kagame mu by’umutekano, tariki ya 9 Mutarama 2020 yatangarije abarimu bigisha amateka mu mashuri yisumbuye, ko na Gen. Omega atazamara kabiri.
Gen. Kabarebe yagize ati: “Ubu rero Mudacumura apfuye, Pacifique ni we wamusimbuye, ubu ni we mukuru wa FDLR ariko na we ntari bumare kabiri.”
Gen. Kabarebe yavuze ko na Gen. Omega atazamara kabiri
Iyicwa rya Gen. Mudacumura ryabanjirijwe n’ifatwa ry’abandi bayobozi muri FLDR nka Ignace Nkaka (La Forge Fils Bazeye na Lt. Col. Nsekanabo Jean Pierre wahawe izina rya ‘Abega’, bafatiwe ku mupaka wa Bunagana uhuza RDC na Uganda mu Kuboza 2018.
Nyuma yaho, tariki ya 9 Ugushyingo 2019, Gen. Afurika Jean Michel wayoboraga RUD Urunana yishwe n’ingabo za RDC, ndetse hafashwe abandi barimo Maj. Habib Mudathiru wari mu mutwe wa RNC. Maj. Sankara wari muvugizi wa FLN we yari yarafatiwe mu birwa bya Comores muri Mata 2019.
Muri Operasiyo yahawe izina rya Sokola 2, yatangijwe tariki ya 30 Ukwakira 2019 n’ingabo za RDC, hishwe abarwanyi benshi b’imitwe itandukanye, yiganjemo irwanya ubutegetsi bw’u Rwanda nka CNRD, abandi bafatwa mpiri ndetse hafi ya bose bamaze koherezwa mu Rwanda, bajya mu ngando mu Kigo gishinzwe gusubiza mu buzima busanzwe abari abasirikare giherereye i Mutobo mu Karere ka Musanze.
Tariki ya 17 Nyakanga 2020, Urwego rw’u Rwanda rw’Ubugenzacyaha, RIB, rwerekanye abantu 57 bakekwaho kuba mu mitwe yitwaje intwaro irwanya ubutegetsi bw’igihugu nka FDLR, CNRD , RUD Urunana, P5 na FLN. Aba barimo abahoze ari abarwanyi bakuru nka: Gen. Maj. Nsanzumuhire Felicien (Irakiza Fred), Gen. Maj. Anastase Munyaneza (Rukundo Kulamba), Gen. Maj. Habyarimana Joseph (Bucebo Sophonie), Brig. Gen. Habimana Mark na Brig. Gen. Leopold Majyambere.
Aba uko ari 57 bafatiwe muri RDC
Aba bafashwe n’ingabo za RDC, bohererezwa u Rwanda. Undi witwa Col. Nizeyimana Mark yatangaje ko komanda wa FLN, Gen. Wilson Irategeka yiciwe mu bitero ingabo za RDC zagabye muri Teritwari ya Kalehe iri mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyepfo mu mpera za 2019.
Uruhare rukomeye rw’u Rwanda muri iri rindimuka
Baba abasirikare bakuru b’u Rwanda nka Gen. James Kabarebe, abafatwa bakoherezwa mu Rwanda ndetse n’uboyobozi bw’igisirikare cya RDC kiri gukora Operasiyo Sokola 2 mu Ntara za Kivu zombi, bemeza ko iyi mitwe itagifite intege ku buryo yabasha gutera u Rwanda, ngo igere aho ifata ubutegetsi. Aha umuntu yibaza ku ruhare rw’u Rwanda mu guhungabanya ubushobozi bw’iyi mitwe imaze gushegeshwa bikomeye.
Umubano w’u Rwanda na Repubulika Iharanira Demukarasi ya Congo uhagaze neza ku butegetsi bwa Félix Tshisekedi, ugererenyije n’ubwatambutse ku ngoma eshatu (iya Mobutu na ba Kabila babiri) kubera ko impande zombi zishakira hamwe umuti w’ikibazo cy’umutekano muke uri mu burasirazuba bwa RDC, wagira ingaruka no ku Rwanda nk’uko byagiye bigaragara mu myaka yashize, na vuba mu gitero cyagabwe na RUD Urunana mu Karere ka Musanze mu Kwakira 2019.
Intwaro ya mbere ikomeye ni ugukomeza imikoranire muri demukarasi. Iki kibazo Felix Tshisekedi yagikemuye ubwo yajyaga ku butegetsi tariki ya 25 Mutarama 2019, u Rwanda ruri mu bihugu bya mbere yagiriyemo uruzinduko kandi n’u Rwanda rwashyizeho uruhare rwarwo nk’uko bisanzwe muri politiki y’ububanyi n’amahanga.
Tariki ya 27 Mata 2020, Perezida Kagame ubwo yahakanaga ko muri Repubulika Iharanira Demukarasi ya Congo haba hari ingabo z’u Rwanda, mu kiganiro yagiranye n’itangazamakuru, yavuze ko hari amakuru inzego z’iperereza z’u Rwanda zahaye ingabo za RDC, ziyashingiraho zikora operasiyo. Ati: “Ubwo batangiye operasiyo hagendewe ku makuru ndetse n’ubufatanye busanzwe.” Yakomeje anenga imiryango mpuzamahanga n’ibitangazamakuru bisebya ingabo z’u Rwanda bivuga ko zijya ku butaka bwa RDC, ariko ntibivuge ku bikorwa by’umutekano muke biterwa n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro.
Amakuru ni ikintu cy’ingenzi kiyobora umuntu ushaka kunyura mu nzira runaka, ni yo mpamvu amakuru inzego z’iperereza/ubutasi z’u Rwanda zahaye/ziha ingabo za RDC yaba yaragize uruhare runini mu gutsindwa kw’iyi mitwe yitwaje intwaro, n’ubu akaba akiyigiraho ingaruka zirimo kuraswa kw’abarwanyi no gufatwa mpiri, bakoherezwa.
Uburyo bwo guhangana n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro iri mu mashyamba ya RDC, Gen. Maj. Mubaraka Muganga uharagariye ingabo z’u Rwanda mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba n’Umujyi wa Kigali, yabukomojeho mu kiganiro yagiranye n’abamotari tariki ya 26 Gashyantare 2020. Yasobanuye uburyo muri iki gihe byakorohera ingabo za RDF gusanga iyo mitwe aho yashinze ibirindiro ugereranyije na mbere babikoraga bagenze n’amaguru.
Icyo gihe Gen. Mubaraka yagize ati: “None Mudacumura w’imyaka 70 aracyarwana, njyewe wa 50 nataha? Oya nkeneye ko duhurira iyo ngiyo ariko atari hano hafi kandi kujyayo biroroshye. Dufite RwandAir, nta n’ubwo tukigenda n’amaguru. Ubundi twaruhaga tugenza amaguru cya gihugu kiturusha ubunini inshuro 89, tukakigenda amezi icyenda, tukaba tugeze aho gihana imbibi n’ikindi.”
Imvugo ya Gen. Mubaraka igaragaza ko bibaye ngombwa, ingabo zafata rutemikirere, zikajya guhangana n’imitwe y’inyeshyamba mu mashyamba ya RDC. Indege ya RwandAir yavuze, ziri mu byerekezo bishya iki kigo cy’ubwikorezi cyafunguye, ubwo Perezida Tshisekedi yagiriraga uruzinduko mu Rwanda tariki ya 25 Werurwe 2019. Bibaye ngombwa ko zurira indege zikagenda, hashingirwa ku bwumvikane hagati y’ibihugu byombi, butagorana bitewe n’umubano mwiza bisanzwe bifitanye ndetse no kuba byatanga umusaruro mwiza kuri buri ruhande.
Ntabwo uruhare rw’u Rwanda mu kujya aharindimuka kw’imitwe irurwanya bisaba cyane koherezayo ingabo n’intwaro ziremereye, kimwe n’abasirikare kabuhariwe (byo bigira amategeko mpuzamahanga abigenga). Ahubwo usigasira umubano mwiza hagati yarwo na RDC ndetse no gusangira amakuru ajyanye n’umutekano ni byo by’ibanze bitanga umusaruro uri ku rugero nk’urugaragara ubu ngubu.
Umubano mwiza uri mu byashingirwaho mu gukora iyo bwabaga kugira ngo iyi mitwe ibashe gukurwa mu birindiro, abayobozi bayo bicwe, abandi bafatwe mpiri ndetse, abarwanyi babo bagahindura ibirindiro babarizwagamo bagahungira mu mashyamba nk’uko byagiye bigenda. Ibi byose ntawabura kuvuga ko ukuboko k’u Rwanda kutari inyuma, hashingiwe ku mubano warwo na RDC.
