Kuvuga ko ba tereriyo ari bamwe mu badindiza ireme ry’uburezi si uguca inka amabere, bitagomba ubushakashatsi buhambaye. Kuko niba hakiri abana barangiza amashuri abanza batazi kwandika amazina yabo, hakaba n’abasoza ayisumbuye batazi kwiyandikira ibaruwa isaba akazi ; ni uko hari zimwe mu ntore zitarasanira ku ruhembe zatorejwe.
Imvugo nka Hize uwize, Karera si Bapfakurera, uko umwana umureze niko akunera, zigaragaza ku ruhande rumwe ko uburezi ari Karahanyuze, ku rundi ruhande zikagaragaza ko bwazanzamuka buramutse bushyizwe mu biganza bitazimiza. Nta shiti, uburezi butagira gikurikirana ni intandaro y’itakazareme ryabwo.
Karera si Bapfakurera, ireme si uburo bwinshi
Uyu mugani w’Abanyarwanda ugaragaza neza ko inshingano yo kurera itari iya Batereriyo, si iya Mbonabihita, si iya Nzabandora, si iya Harerimana, si iya Ntezirizaza. Ahubwo inshingano yo kurera ni iy’ufite muri we umutima-muntu urema mu babyiruka imico, inyifato n’ubumenyi bimuganisha ku iterambere rihamye, adategereje ko bikorwa n’abandi, ahubwo abo yita abandi bakongera itafari kuryo we yateretse.
Uburezi mu Rwanda bugenda bwitabirwa na benshi, umubare ukazamuka cyane, ibi bikaba byishimirwa na benshi. Ni byo koko birakwiye ko uburezi bugera kuri benshi, yewe binakunze bukaba bwagera kuri bose. Ariko se barahabwa iki ? Aho kwishimira ko buri wese yabugezeho ariko ntihanozwe icyo ahabwa, ntibigwiza umubare w’abashomeri badafite ubumenyi busanzwe n’ubumenyi-ngiro bwo kwitunga no guteza imbere imiryango yabo, n’igihugu muri rusange ?
Abayobozi bashinzwe uburezi bavuga ko harwanywe intambara yo kugeza uburezi kuri benshi, nyuma hagakurikiraho kureba ireme ryabwo. Nyamara iyo hatabaho ba tereriyo byombi (ubwinshi n’ubwiza) byari kujyana.
Ingero za Tereriyo mu burezi butagira gikurikirana
Hari bimwe mu bigaragaza ko « Gikurikirana » mu burezi igenda biguruntege, hafi yo gukendera. Bikaba kandi ibigaragarira amaso ya buri wese, nubwo hari ababyirengagiza kubwo kuvuga cyangwa kwibwira ko ariho isi igeze.
1.Tutarajya kure, duhere mu itangira ry’amashuri uyu mwaka wa 2019, kuba Leta binyuze muri Minisiteri ishinzwe uburezi yohereza ku mashuri abana , bagerayo bagasanga nta myanya iriyo, ni ingaruka yo kubura gikurikirana, aho utanga imyanya yicara ati urwanjye ndarurangije, abandi bazirwarize. Akuzuza raporo ko akazikuzuye, ubundi hakagenda we.
Kuba abana barahoranye ishyaka rihanitse rituma nta wifuza gusibira haba mu mashuri abanza n’ayisumbuye, ariko ababyita iterambere n’aho isi igeze (bayibeshyera) bakaba bavuga ko nta mwana wo gusibira, bituma bamwe badashyiramo akabaraga. Ukandagiye mu ishuri akumva ko uko byamera kose nta kizamubuza kwimuka, rya shyaka ryo kwanga guseba no gutakaza igihe asibira, rikagerwa kumashyi.
Kugabanuka kw’igitsure ku mwana nabyo bifite aho byangije ireme ry’uburezi. Yego ntawe usabye ngo hagaruke umunyafu, ariko burya igitsure kitarimo urugomo gishyira umwana ku murongo, cyane cyane abakiri bato baba bakeneye kwerekwa inzira iboneye. Kureka umwana ukiri mu wa mbere w’amashuri abanza agakura ari intumva ngo kuko kumucyaha byaba kwiteranya n’ubuyobozi bw’ishuri cyangwa se ababyeyi b’umwana. Ibi byishe rya hame ry’igiti kigororwa kikiri gito, dore ko kukigorora cyarabaye inganzamarumbo bidashoboka, n’iyo uhatirije urakivuna.
Indurubri (industrie rurale des briques/shuguri) zabaye nyinshi ku barezi, kuko uko ubuzima burushaho guhenda niko abarimu bifuza aho bakura inyunganizi yose ibafasha guhangana n’ibiciro bihanitse ku isoko ry’ubuzima, mu ngeri zose.
Kera umwarimu yahabwaga akazi yararangije amashuri, ariko benshi bigisha ku manywa nijoro bakajya kwiga, nta mwanya wo kuruhuka no gutegura amasomo y’undi munsi.
Umwarimu w’ubu ashyize umutima ku mwana yigisha nimugoroba, ababyeyi be bakamwishyura aruta ayo leta imuhemba, ntabone imbaraga n’umwete wo kwita ku bo leta yamushinze.
Abarimu bahabwa inguzanyo na Umwarimu SACCO bashyiriweho ngo biteze imbere. Umwarimu woroye inkoko cyangwa ingurube, ucuruza papeteri, nta handi umutima uba uri uretse kuri bizinesi ye. Kuvuza amatungo, gushaka umushumba, gushaka isoko ry’amagi n’inyama, kurangura cyangwa kugenzura umukozi ; aho niho umutima wibera, hehe no gutekereza ku mukoro ari buhe abana.
Ibi na byo bigira ingaruka ku ireme ry’ibyo bigapfa igihe badatuje, dore ko hambere nubwo batahembwaga menshi y’umurengera, ariko nta wari uyobewe ko urugo rwitwaga ko ruhagaze bwuma iyo rutabaga ari urwakonsiye, rwitwaga urwa mwarimu. Kera burugumesitiri ntiyashoboraga guhembwa akubye kabiri aya mwarimu, ariko ubu meya na gitifu w’umurenge bahembwa incuro icumi za mwarimu, kandi barize amwe.
Guhindagura gahunda y’imyigire kwa hato na hato nabyo byangije ireme ry’uburezi, kuko mu gihe umwarimu aba atarafatisha umurongo w’integanyanyigisho igezweho, bucya yahinduwe. Bityo n’abanyeshuri barangije icyiciro kimwe cyangwa ishami rimwe, bakisanga batarize bimwe mu myaka inyuranye. Ngaho guhindagura ururimi rutangwamo amasomo, abarimu bataruzi, burakeye haje kwigishiriza ku matelefoni (L3), noneho hagezweho uburezi bushingiye ku bushobozi (competence based) n’ikoranabuhanga (smart classroom). Ibi byose biza byitura kuri mwarimu, agahanyanyaza akabona icyo aha abanyeshuri.
Ubucucike mu mashuri, aho usanga mu ishuri rimwe harimo abana barenga 60, umwarimu akajyana n’abihuta, kandi azasabwa kwimura abarenga 90%.
Umwarimu « mitima ibunga », ni umwarimu wigisha umutima wibereye mu kureba aho azasaba akazi ejo. Uyu yigisha adatekanye, ntiyereka abana ko yifitiye icyizere ngo nabo akibarememo. Kuba mitima ibunga nka ka kanyoni karitse ku nzira, birava kuri gahunda ziza zimwituraho zikarenga ubushobozi bwe. Bituruka kandi ku bayobozi bamwambura agaciro imbere y’abo arera, abamurira mu maso, abamucunaguza, ndetse hakaba n’aho mwarimu akubitirwa mu ruhame, cyangwa agakoropa ubwiherero. Uyu ntiyakwigisha ashikamye, aririwe ntaraye. Ahora ashaka aho yahungira ubwo budode.
Ese birashoboka kuzanzamura uburezi ?
Cyane rwose. Icya mbere bisaba ni ukubanza kwikuramo ko bwananiranye , ko bwageze iwa Ndabaga, ko amaziya renze inkombe. Bityo hakorwe integanyanyigisho zihamye, kandi zikoranywe ubuhanga, zitari izihindagurika buri myaka ibiri nazo usanga zarakopewe mu bindi bihugu (dore ko hari n’aho usanga baribagiwe gusiba aho zaturutse), zikozwe n’abanyarwanda mu ndangagaciro zabo.
Minisiteri y’Uburezi imaze guhindurirwa abayobozi kenshi kurusha izindi (abarenga 13 kuva mu 1994) kurusha izindi Minisiteri zose. Yo n’ibigo biyishamikiyeho bikeneye ivugurura n’amaraso mashya, kandi bidakozwe mu nzego z’ubuyobozi bwo hejuru gusa, ahubwo no mu nzego zose zayo, zisanzwe zikora indi mirimo. Burya zitukwamo nkuru, ariko haba ubwo bipfira hasi.
Uburezi bwazanzamuka kandi umubyeyi yongeye gushyiraho ake, agakurikirana imyigire y’umwana we, ntazategereze kumubona arangije igihembwe, atazi iriva n’irirenga. Ababyeyi nibagaruke kuri uyu muco wo gukurikirana uburezi bw’abo bibarutse, cyangwa abo bahagarariye.
Umwana ni uw’umuryango nyarwanda, abaturanyi n’abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze ntibagomba guterera iyo ngo byose bishinzwe umuyobozi w’ishuri na mwarimu. Umwana ukerakera mu mudugudu ari amasaha yo kwiga, buri wese yakamucyashye, ariko gitifu na goronome bamucaho bagaceceka. Umukuru w’umudugudu akabona abana bambaye uniform birwa baryamye muri gheto akumva ari ibisanzwe. Birasaba ko buri wese ahaguruka, nta guterera iyo.
Ingaruka zigaruka kubanyeshuri zidasize n’igihugu. Umwaka ushize hari abanyeshuri bagiye mu kizami k’icyongereza basanga bimwe mubitabo abanyeshuri babajijwemo batarabyigishijwe, abarimu nabo bakavuga ko REB yabizanye hasigaye amezi abiri ngo ikizami cya Leta gitangire, hakibazwa niba mbere yo kugirango umwaka utangire izi nzego ziba zitazi ibikenewe. Iyo bigenze gutya ingaruka ziba izande ? ninde uhomba? Ngibyo bimwe mu byo umuntu yakwibaza!
NTWALI John Williams
