Sierra Leone iyoboye ibihugu 10 bifite abaturage b’Abanyabwenge muri Afurika

Umugabane wa Afurika ni wo wa kabiri munini ku Isi ukaba n’uwa kabiri utuwe cyane nyuma ya Aziya. Nyamara imyaka n’imyaka irashize uyu mugabane ari wo uherekeza iyindi mu iterambere mu nzego hafi ya zose uhereye mu burezi, ibikorwaremezo, imiyoborere, urutonde ni rurerure.

Ariko kugirango wumve uyu mugabane umuntu akeneye kureba ku bihugu byo muri Afurika bifite abaturage bafite igipimo cy’ubwenge (IQ) kiri hejuru kurusha ibindi, bikaba byagufasha gusobanura impamvu ibihugu byinshi bikungahaye ku mutungo kamere byakomeje kubaho nabi nyuma y’ubwigenge.

IQ (Intelligence Quotient) igaragaza ubushobozi bw’imitekerereze y’umuntu ugereranyije n’abo bari mu kigero kimwe cy’imyaka binyuze mu gupima ubwenge bwibutsa bw’igihe gito cyangwa kirekire. Bapima kandi uburyo umuntu ashobora gukemura ibibazo no kwibuka amakuru yumvise mu buryo bwihuse.

Ni ikihe gipimo cy’ubwenge (IQ) muri rusange cya Afurika? Kubw’amahirwe macye iyo mibare nta yihari ku gipimo cy’ubwenge cy’umugabane wa Afurika. Gusa, hano twababoneye urutonde rw’ibihugu 10 biza imbere mu kugira abaturage bafite ubwenge bwinshi ku mugabane hagendewe kuri IQ nk’uko tubikesha urubuga Tuko rwo muri Kenya.

1. Sierra Leone – IQ ya 91

Sierra Leone nicyo gihugu gifite abaturage bafite IQ iri hejuru ku mugabane n’amanota 91. Ifatwa nk’igihugu cya mbere cy’abantu bagira ubwenge bwinshi ku mugabane ndetse iza imbere ku Isi. Gusa, iki gihugu cyo mu burengerazuba bwa Afurika cyamamaye kubera diamants z’amaraso. Mu gihe cy’intambara yo muri Liberia kuva mu 1991 kugeza mu 2002, diamants z’iki gihugu zacukurirwaga kuguranwa intwaro, bituma kiguma mu bukene bukabije.

2. Mauritius – IQ ya 89

Iki gihugu kizwiho kuba cyariharuriye ubwacyo inzira y’iterambere. Nta mugisha cyagize wo kugira umutungo kamere mwinshi, gusa ariko cyabashije kwiteza imbere kiva mu bukungu bushingiye gusa ku buhinzi ahubwo gishingira ku nganda na serivisi.

Ibi cyabigezeho bitewe n’ibyemezo bya gihanga byagiye bifatwa na politiki ziboneye.

Iki gihugu gifite igipimo cy’ubwenge cya 89 kikaba kiza ku mwanya wa kabiri muri Afurika. Gifite abaturage b’amoko, amadini, imico n’iyobokamana bitandukanye.

3. Seychelles – IQ ya 86

Igihugu cya Seychelles kiza ku mwanya wa gatatu kinahurira ku mwanya wa 21 n’ibihugu bya Kuwait, Phillipines na Tonga ku rwego rw’Isi. Urwego rw’ubwenge rwacyo rugenda rurushaho kuzamuka vuba. Ni igihugu giherereye mu Nyanja y’u Buhinde, hafi y’inkombe y’uburasirazuba bwa Afurika.

Abaturage ba Seychelles bafatwa nk’aba gatatu bafite IQ iri hejuru muri Afurika, ndetse iki gihugu nicyo cya mbere ku Isi gifite igipimo gito cy’ubukene.

4. Eritrea – IQ ya 85

Igihugu cya Eritrea gifite indimi zigera ku icyenda zemewe gukoreshwa mu gihugu kandi ni kimwe mu bibarizwa mu Ihembe rya Afurika. Abaturage bacyo ni imvange z’Abanyafurika n’Abarabu.

Iyi hagarutswe ku bihugu bifite abanyabwenge Eritrea iteka igaragaramo. Gusa, ni kimwe mu bihugu bifunze muri Afurika utapfa kumenya ibikiberamo kandi ku Banyamerika benshi, Abanyaburayi, n’Abarusiya ntabwo kizwi.

5. Morocco, Nigeria, na Uganda – IQ ya 84

Igipimo rusange cy’ubwenge bw’abaturage ba Morocco, Nigeria, na Uganda ni kimwe. Uganda ibarizwa mu burasirazuba, Nigeria ikaba mu burengerazuba, mu gihe Morocco ibarizwa mu majyaruguru y’umugabane. Abaturage b’ibi bihugu baza ku mwanya wa gatanu mu bwenge hagendewe kuri IQ.

6. Algeria, Libya, na Tunisia – IQ ya 83

Ibihugu bya Algeria, Libya, na Tunisia bihuje ibintu byinshi. Usibye kuba bihuje igipimo cy’ubwenge, ibi bihugu byose bituwe n’Abarabu kandi bituriye Inyanja ya Mediterane. Abaturage babyo bafite IQ ya 83.

7. Madagascar na Zimbabwe – IQ ya 82

Ku mwanya wa 7 kuri uru rutonde, usangaho ibihugu bya Madagascar na Zimbabwe byo muri Afurika y’amajyepfo. Ibi bihugu bisangiye umwanya wa 25 ku rwego rw’Isi na Bangladesh, Dominican Republic, Liban, n’u Buhinde.

8. Misiri – IQ ya 81

Nk’uko byemezwa na African standards, Misiri ni kimwe mu bihugu biteye imbere muri Afurika. Iki gihugu cyashoye cyane mu buhinzi n’ibikorwaremezo. Na IQ ya 81 Misiri iza ku mwanya wa 8 muri Afurika. Iki gihugu giherereye muri Afurika y’amajyaruguru ishyira mu burasirazuba, ni kimwe mu byasirimutse mbere mu burasirazuba bwo hagati bwa kera.

9. Kenya – IQ ya 80

Igihugu cya Kenya giherereye mu burasirazuba bwa Afurika kiza ku mwanya wa 9 na IQ ya 80 muri rusange mu baturage bacyo basaga miliyoni 47. Indimi zikoreshwa muri iki gihugu ni Igiswahili n’Icyongereza.

10. Zambia – IQ ya 79

Zambia ni yo ipfundikira uru rutonde, aho iza ku mwanya wa 10 na IQ ya 79. Abaturage b’iki gihugu bivuze ko ari bamwe mu bafite ubwenge bwinshi muri Afurika. Gisangiye kandi umwanya wa 29 na Guatemala na Sri Lanka ku rwego rw’Isi.

Iki gihugu cyahoze ari Rhodesia y’Amajyaruguru kuva mu 1911 kugeza mu 1964. Cyaje kwitwa Zambia mu Kwakira 1964 ku munsi w’ubwigenge.

Igihugu cya Guinea Equatorial nicyo cya mbere muri Afurika gifite urugero rwo hasi cyane rwa IQ muri Afurika no ku Isi rungana na 59, mu gihe u Buyapani buza ku mwanya wa mbere na IQ ya 106.48.

Ubutaha tukazabagezaho urutonde rw’ibihugu 20 bifite abaturage bafite IQ iri hasi kurusha ibindi.