Nancy Pelosi ufatwa kugeza ubu nk’umugore wa mbere w’igihangange muri politiki ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, ni Perezida wa 52 w’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko ya Amerika, Umutwe w’Abadepite, akaba yarakoze amateka mu 2007 ubwo yatorewe kuba umugore wa mbere wabaye Perezida w’Inteko.
Ku ya 3 Mutarama, uyu mugore ugeze mu zabukuru uhagarariye Ishyaka ry’Abademokarate muri California yatorewe indi manda, ye ya kane yasezeranyije ko izaba iya nyuma. Uyu mudepitekazi arateganya kujya ku ruhande bitarenze 2023, bikazashyira iherezo ku ngoma y’imyaka 20 y’umudemokarate ku rwego rwo hejuru mu nteko.
Pelosi yavutse nka Nancy D’Alesandro ku ya 26 Werurwe 1940, avukira i Baltimore, muri Maryland. Yakomeje umuco wo kuba muri politiki w’umuryango we. Se yabaye umudepite kandi yabaye Meya wa Baltimore imyaka 12, ndetse nyuma musaza we Thomas nawe yaje kuba Meya wa Baltimore. Nk’umukobwa wari ukiri muto, Pelosi yashinzwe igitabo cya se cy’abantu bamufitiye imyenda muri politiki.
Pelosi yavutse ari umukobwa umwe mu bahungu batanu
Pelosi yarangije muri Trinity College i Washington, D.C., mu 1962. Igihe yari umunyeshuri, yahuye na Paul Pelosi. Yari amaze kubyara abana batanu mu 1969, igihe umuryango we wimukiraga muri San Francisco. Paul yakoraga nk’umunyamabanki, mu gihe Nancy yareze abana be akatangiza club ya y’ishyaka ry’Abademokarate mu rugo iwe.
Pelosi yibanze ku kurera umuryango we, aza kwinjira muri politiki buhoro buhoro, atangira ari umukorerabushake w’ishyaka ry’abademokarate. Yagiye azamuka mu ishyaka maze mu 1976, akora mu bikorwa byo kwamamaza ku mwanya wa perezida by’uwari Guverineri wa California, Jerry Brown. Mu 1981, yabaye umuyobozi w’ishyaka ry’abademokarate muri Leta ya California.
Ku myaka 47, umwana we muto amaze kuva muri kaminuza, Pelosi yashishikarijwe n’umudepitekazi wari ugiye gupfa kwiyamamariza umwanya we. Yakoresheje ibirori 100 byo mu nzu, ashakisha abakorerabushake 4000, kandi akusanya miliyoni imwe y’amadolari mu byumweru birindwi. Yatsinze amatora adasanzwe kandi yongera gutorerwa mu 1988 manda yuzuye. Pelosi yatsinze byoroshye amatora yakurikiyeho mu karere k’abademokarate.
Nancy Pelosi muri za 88
Pelosi yaje kuzamurwa mu ntera mu 2001, ubwo yagirwaga umuhwituzi w’abademokarate mu nteko, umwanya wa kabiri ukomeye mu ishyaka. Amaze gukusanyiriza abademokarate miliyoni 1.8 binyuze mu buyobozi bwe bwa PAC (Political Action Committee) mu 2002, yabonye akazi ka mbere igihe Dick Gephardt yeguraga nk’umuyobozi wa ba nyamucye. Niwe mugore wa mbere wabaye umuyobozi w’ishyaka muri Kongere.
Abademokarate bamaze kugira ubwiganze mu nteko ishinga amategeko, umutwe w’abadepite no mu mutwe wa Sena mu matora y’igihembwe mu 2006, Pelosi yatorewe kuba umugore wa mbere wabaye perezida w’inteko. Mu masaha 100 ya mbere agiye kuri uyu mwanya, Pelosi yazamuye umushahara muto, ashyiraho raporo ya komisiyo yigaga ibitero by’iterabwoba byo kuwa 11 Nzeri (9/11), arangiza igabanywa ry’imisoro myinshi ku masosiyete acuruza peteroli, anashyiraho amategeko mashya yerekeye lobbying.
Rimwe na rimwe yari umuntu utavugwaho rumwe. Yamaganaga cyane Perezida George W. Bush ku bijyanye n’intambara yo muri Iraki, yashyigikiye ko ingabo ziva mu karere. Pelosi yisanze mu makimbirane mu mwaka wa 2009 ubwo CIA yavugaga ko yari yaramenyeshejwe ikoreshwa ry’amazi mu guhatira abakora iterabwoba gutanga amakuru, Pelosi yari yarwanyije abifata nk’iyicarubozo. Pelosi yahakanye ibyo CIA ivuga.
Nyuma y’uko Barack Obama atsindiye kuyobora igihugu mu 2008, Abademokarate bayoboye inteko (Congress) na White House ku nshuro ya mbere mu myaka 14 kandi Pelosi yari mu mwanya wo gukorana na perezida bahuje ishyaka.
Pelosi yakomeje kuba Perezida w’Inteko kugeza mu Gushyingo 2010, igihe Abarepubulikani babigaranzuraga maze John Boehner akaba ari we utorerwa kuyobora inteko. Pelosi akaba umuyobozi wa ba nyamucye mu nteko. Nubwo uruhare rwe rwagabanutse, Pelosi yari akiri umukinnyi ukomeye muri DC, aho yari amaze imyaka icumi ari umudepite uhagarariye Abademokarate.
Pelosi yongeye kuba umuyobozi wa ba nyamucye kandi akomeza kuba inshuti magara ya Obama muri manda ye ya kabiri. Ariko nyuma y’uko Abademokarate bongeye kugira ubwiganze mu nteko mu gihembwe cya 2018, Pelosi yongeye gutorerwa kuba Perezida w’Inteko mu ntangiriro za 2019.
Yahanganye na Donald Trump karahava
Pelosi ufatwa nk’umugore wa mbere w’igihangange kurusha abandi muri politiki ya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika kugeza ubu, yagonganye n’uwahoze ari Perezida Donald Trump karahava. Yari ku murongo wa mbere mu ntambara na Donald Trump bapfa ko yasabye miliyari 5.7 z’amadolari y’urukuta ruzengurutse umupaka wa Amerika na Mexico.
Nyuma y’amezi menshi yanze ko kumva ubusabe bwo gutangiza ibirego byo gushinja Trump, muri Nzeri 2019, Pelosi yatangaje ko Inteko izatangira iperereza ku buryo budasanzwe. Iperereza ryasojwe mu ntangiriro z’Ukuboza 2019, nyuma y’ibyumweru byinshi Inteko itora gushinja perezida.
Umubano mubi hagati ye na Trump wagaragaye kurushaho ubwo Trump kuri televiziyo yavugaga ijambo ku bibazo by’igihugu ku ya 4 Gashyantare, aho perezida Trump yanze kumusuhuza nyuma yo kumushyikiriza kopi y’ijambo rye. Bukeye bwaho, ibyo kuburanisha Trump byarangiriye aho ubwo Sena yatoraga guhanaguraho Trump ibyaha yashinjwaga.
Mu matora yo mu 2020, Trump yatsinzwe na Joe Biden, wari umukandida w’abademokarate ku mwanya wa perezida, abademokarate bagira ubwiganze ariko budakabije mu nteko, Pelosi atorerwa manda ye ya kane n’iya nyuma nka Perezida w’inteko mu 2021.
Nancy Pelosi igihe cy’igitero cy’abashyigikiye Trump ku nteko
Ubwo ibihumbi by’abayoboke ba Trump byagabaga ibitero ku nteko ishinga amategeko (Capitol) ku itariki ya 06 Mutarama 2021, bivugwa ko muri iki gihe Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zari zimeze nk’igihugu kidafite umuyobozi ari Nancy Pelosi ukiyoboye.
Mu kiganiro na PBS Frontline, Judy Lemons wahoze ari Umuyobozi w’abakozi ba Pelosi, yagize ati “ Hari icyuho kinini mu buyobozi mu gihugu cyacu icyo gihe. Nancy Pelosi ni we wari uyoboye igihugu muri ako kanya. Ni we wagombaga guhangana n’iki kibazo. Kandi nibyo yakoze.”
Ubwo we na bagenzi be bari basumbirijwe n’abayoboke ba Trump bari bariye karungu bagenda bamushakisha mu byumba by’inteko bagira bati “ Nancy uri he?” bivugwa ko Pelosi yahamagaye umuyobozi wa Pentagon, Gen. Mark A. Milley, ngo bavugane ukuntu babuza perezida utameze neza mu mutwe kuba yagera kuri codes z’intwaro za kirimbuzi.
Mu ibaruwa ye Pelosi yanditse ati: ” kandi tugomba gukora ibishoboka byose kugira ngo turinde Abanyamerika ibitero bye ku gihugu cyacu na demokarasi yacu.”
