Umutwe witwaje intwaro urwanya Leta y’u Rwanda umaze imyaka irenga 20 ushinze ibirindiro mu burasirazuba bwa Repubulika ya Demukarasi ya Congo (RDC), FDLR, urasa n’aho wakangutse nyuma y’itangazo ry’umugambi w’ubufatanye bw’ingabo z’ibihugu by’akarere mu kurandura imitwe, na wo urimo.
Tariki ya 30 Werurwe 2021 ni bwo Umuvugizi w’ingabo za RDC zizwi nka FARDC, Gen. Maj. Léon-Richard Kasonga yasohoye itangazo rimenyesha ko izi ngabo z’ibihugu by’akarere (zirimo iz’u Rwanda na Uganda) zigiye kwifatanya mu kurandura imitwe yitwaje intwaro ihungabanya umutekano.
Ni itangazo ryaje rikurikira inama Leta ya RDC yari imaze iminsi igirana n’abasirikare bakuru barimo abaturuka mu Rwanda ndetse na Uganda, zabaye muri Mutarama, Gashyantare na Werurwe 2021.
Ku ruhande rw’u Rwanda, ibiganiro byabayeho byarebanaga n’ubufatanye bw’ingabo z’ibihugu byombi mu kurandura imitwe yitwaje intwaro irukomokamo irimo: FDLR, CNRD-Ubwiyunge na RUD-Urunana.
Ku ruhande rwa Uganda, ibiganiro byarebanaga n’uburyo ingabo z’ibihugu byombi zakwifatanya mu kurandura umutwe wegamiye ku idini ya Isilamu wa ADF, ukomoka muri iki gihugu.
FDLR yaba yakangutse
Guhera tariki ya 7 Mata 2021 muri Teritwari ya Masisi mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, hatangiye kumvikana ibitero bya FDLR yifatanyije n’umutwe wa Nyatura CMC (Collectif des Mouvements pour Changement) na APCLS (Alliance des Patriotes pour un Congo Libre et Souverain).
Ibitangazamakuru byo muri RDC bivuga ko tariki ya 9 Mata, iyi mitwe yahise ifata uduce twinshi turi muri Gurupoma ebyiri za Masisi, abasirikare n’abapolisi ba Leta bari baturimo barahunga. Utwo turimo: Muhetu, Butare, Nyamitaba, Busibe, Kahira, Kalonge, Mpanamo, Kimoka, Kitchanga na Mweso.
Gusa nk’uko 7 Sur 7 yabitangaje, ingabo za RDC nazo zatangije ibitero zishaka kwigarurira utu duce turi mu maboko y’iyi mitwe yitwaje intwaro.
Muri iyi mirwano ikomeje irimo iyabereye mu duce twa Nyabiondo, Burora, Kaanja, Lwibo, Kanyumba tariki ya 10 Mata 2021; hakaba hakomeje kuboneka inkomere nyinshi n’imfu ndetse byatumye ibikorwa byose bihagarara nk’uko umudepite Alexis Bahunga yabwiye iki gitangazamakuru.
Depite Bahunga yagize ati: “Iyi mirwano iri kubonekamo inkomere nyinshi buri munsi. Harimo abakomereka n’abapfuye barimo umusirikare. Amashuri menshi yarafunze. Ibikorwa by’imibereho n’ubukungu byarahagaze bitewe n’iyi mirwano.”
Ishami ry’umuryango w’abaganga batagira umupaka, MSF (Médecins Sans Frontières) muri RDC, tariki ya 10 Mata ryatangarije ku rubuga rwa Twitter ko kuva tariki ya 9 kugeza ku ya 10, ryakiriye abarwayi 17 bagizweho ingaruka n’ibi bitero, biganjemo abagize ihungabana.
MSF yavuze kandi abaturage ba Masisi barenga 6000 bari bamaze guhunga, bose ikaba yarabakiriye.
Kuri uyu wa 11 Mata, imirwano yakomereje muri Masisi, 7 Sur 7 ikaba ivuga ko ingabo za Leta zasubije inyuma iyi mitwe yitwaje intwaro, zigarurira uduce twinshi yari yarafashe.
BBC ivuga ko yavuganye n’Umuvugizi w’ingabo za RDC mu Ntara ya Kivu y’Amajyaruguru, Maj. Ndjike Kaiko avuga ko bamaze kwigarurira uduce twose twari twarafashwe n’iyi mitwe ndetse ngo imirwano yarangiye. Ati: “Ibintu ubu biratuje, ahantu hose haragenzurwa n’ingabo za Leta. Twigaruriye ahantu hose hari harafashwe n’ubufatanye bw’inyeshyamba za APCLS-Nyatura na FDLR, twafashe n’ibirindiro byabo n’aho umwanzi yari ashingiye.”
FDLR yashegeshwe bikomeye
Guhera tariki ya 18 Nzeri 2019 ubwo ingabo za RDC zicaga Lt. Gen. Sylvestre Mudacumura wari umaze igihe kirekire ayobora FDLR, abasesenguzi bakurikirana iby’umutekano mu burasirazuba bwa RDC bavuze ko uyu mutwe (byakekwaga ko umaze igihe wisuganya nyuma ya operasiyo nka Umoja Wetu) waba uri mu marembera.
Urupfu rwa Gen. Mudacumura rwakurikiranye n’ifatwa rya Lt. Col. Habimana wari uzwi nka Asifiwe Manudi Nshimiyimana wayobora umutwe w’abarwanyi badasanzwe wa FDLR, witwa CRAP (Commandos de Recherche et d’Action en Profondeur). Yafatiwe n’ingabo za RDC i Goma tariki ya 2 Ukuboza 2019.
Raporo ya Kivu Security Tracker (KST) ikorwa n’itsinda ry’abashakashatsi muri RDC ku bufatanye na Human Rights Watch, yagiye ahagaragara muri Gashyantare 2021, ivuga ko umutwe wa FDLR wagiye utakaza imbaraga cyane bitewe n’impamvu zirimo: imfu z’abayobozi bakuru bayo, ifatwa ry’abayobozi bayo ndetse no kwitandukanya kw’aba bayobozi, aho bamwe bagiye bashinga imitwe yabo nka CNRD-Ubwiyunge na RUD-Urunana.
Intege nkeya ngo zatumye ibikorwa bya FDLR muri Teritwari za Masisi na Rutshuru (ni ho zari zifite ibirindiro bikomeye) bisa n’ibihagaze.
Kivu Security Tracker kandi ivuga ko umubare w’abarwanyi ba FDLR wagabanyutse mu buryo bukomeye, kuko nko mu mwaka w’2008 yari ifite abarwanyi bagera ku 6,500 ariko umwaka w’2020 warangiye isigaranye abari hagati ya 500 n’1000.
Iti: “Uyu mutwe watakaje ububasha bwo kugenzura hafi teritwari yose n’uduce dukorerwamo ubucukuzi bw’amabuye y’agaciro wagenzuraga mu bihe byashize.”
Iyi raporo ivuga ko nyuma y’ibi bibazo byose umutwe wa FDLR uyobowe na Lt. Gen. Pacifique Ntawunguka (Omega) na Gaby Ruhinda wagize, ubu uri kuzanzamukira mu gace ka Bwito wifatanyije na CMC. Uku kuzanzamuka kandi igukesha itatana ry’abarwanyi bakuru (Guidon Shimiray na Bwira) b’umutwe wa NDC-Renové wafatanyaga na FARDC kuyigabaho ibitero.
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