Ibihugu bikomeye ku isi bisa naho byaviriyeho inda imwe u Rwanda, bisaba abaturage babyo kwitonda no kutajya mu bice bimwe by’igihugu byerekana ko umutekano utizewe.
Ibyo bihugu byabimburiwe n’Ubufaransa, Canada, Ubudage, Ubwongereza,Ubuholandi, Australia, Sweden, Belgium na USA kugeza ubu twandika iyi nkuru. Iyo usomye impamvu zitangwa n’ibi bihugu usanga byose bihurira ku kuba ibice bimwe by’u Rwanda umutekano ushobora kuba udahagije bityo bigasaba abaturage babyo kutajya muri ibyo bice.
Ifatwa ry’ibi byemezo usibye ibyo by’umutekano hari ibibazo bitari bike umuntu yakwibaza byaganisha ku gushaka kumenya icyaba kibyihishe inyuma. Mbere y’uko tubivugaho reka tubanze twibaze, ni kuki ibi bihugu by’ibihangange bifatiye icyemezo icyarimwe?
Twibuke ko atari ubwa mbere amahanga akoma mu nkora u Rwanda kuko ibyo bihugu byigeze kurukatira imfashanyo bitewe n’ibirego by’uko u Rwanda ngo rwashyigikiraga inyeshyamba zarwanyaga ubutegetsi bwo muri Congo, ibirego by’ubwicanyi bivuga ko bwakorewe impunzi z’abanyarwanda muri Congo mubyo bise ” mapping report”, ibirego bya hato na hato by’imiryango mpuzamahanga byerekeye kutubahiriza uburenganzira bwa muntu, ibirebana n’ibura ry’ubwisanzure bwa politiki n’ubw’itangazamakuru.
Ibyo birego byose u Rwanda rwagiye rubihakana rwivuye inyuma ruvuga ko biba byuzuye ibinyoma kandi bidafite ibimenyetso. Nubwo byari bimeze bityo byarasakuzaga amaherezo bigacwekera ukagira ngo ntacyigeze kiba. Ubu rero ayo mahanga arongeye, ese u Rwanda rwiteguye kubyifatamo rute, uburyo rwakoresheje mbere ni nabwo ruzakoresha ubu?
Tugarutse kucyaba cyihishe inyuma y’ibyemezo by’ibihugu by’amahanga umuntu yakeka ibi bikurikira ariko urutonde rushobora kongerwa.
1) Umutekano
2) U Rwanda kuba rwarafunze umupaka na Uganda
3) Kuba amahanga azi neza ko hagiye kuba intambara
4) Ukutumvikana hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Burundi
5) Gutiza umurindi ingabo za FNL bivugwa ko ziri mu ishyamba rya Nyungwe
6) Lobbying ikorwa n’ibihugu bituranyi birega u Rwanda ko rubibaniye nabi
7) Igeragezwa ry’ifatwa no kuzana mu Rwanda Major Sankara
Ugiye usesengura izo ngingo zose wasanga zimwe ari impamvu zishoka kimwe ni uko zaba zose. Uko byagenda kose amahanga afite ikintu yumvikanyeho kigamije gukora mu jisho u Rwanda. Mwibuke ko Ubufaransa aribwo buyobora Akanama ka Loni gashinzwe umutekano, byumvikane ko bufite imbaraga mu gukoresha ibihugu by’ibihangange mu gufata ibyemezo nka biriya ku gihugu runaka.
Icyo umuntu yakwibaza nyuma y ifatwa ry ibi byemezo, u Rwanda ruzabyitwaramo gute? Inzira ebyiri zirashoboka.
1) Gukoresha imbaraga nyinshi za diplomacy mu rwego rwatuma ibi byemezo bihinduka. Ubu akaba ari uburyo bwiza bwagombye kuza mbere y’ubundi buryo bwose bushoboka bwakemura ikibazo;
2) Gufata ibyemezo bikakaye ku bihugu byafashe ibi byemezo nko kuba u Rwanda rwahamagaza rukanirukana ku butaka bwarwo abadiplomati. Ubu buryo ariko si bwiza kuko haba hagiye guhangana n’ibyo bihugu by’ibihangange.
Usibye izo mpamvu zivuzwe hejuru hari indi ishobora kuba iya gatatu aho u Rwanda rushobora kwihagararaho rugashaka indi nzira yatuma ubukungu bwarwo butanyeganyezwa n’ifatwa rya biriya byemezo nk’uko rwakwiyunga n’ibihugu bisanzwe bihanganye na biriya byafashe ibyemezo. Ibyo bikunze kuba ibihugu by’aba communists ku mugabane wa Aziya. Aha ariko naho ntibyoroshye kuko u Rwanda rwaba rufunguye intambara y’ubutita n’ibihugu by’aba capitalists.
Mu buryo bumwe cyangwa ubundi u Rwanda rukeneye kwitonda mu byemezo ruzafata rusubiza ibyemezo bya biriya bihugu. Rukeneye kandi gusuzuma neza icyateye ifatwa rya biriya byemezo no kubishakira ibisubizo mu rwego rwa dipolomasi.
Rugomba kwerekana ko rufite umutekano usesuye, gukemura ibibazo by’ifungwa ry’imipaka no guhosha umwuka mubi urangwa hagati yarwo na Uganda ndetse n’Uburundi. Uko u Rwanda rwagiye rwikura mu bibazo bikomeye rwahuye nabyo kuva 1994 ni nako rukeneye kwikura muri ibi bigezweho by’amahanga gushaka kwerekana ko umutekano utari shyashya mu Rwanda.
Minisitiri Wungirije muri Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga y’u Rwanda, Amb Olivier Nduhungirehe, aganira na Radio Ijwi rya Amerika yavuze ko atazi igitera ibihugu bimwe na bimwe gufata icyemezo cyo gutanga amatangazo ameze atyo.
Ambassadeur Nduhungirehe ati: “Uko byagenda kose ntaho bihuriye na situation ihari (uko byifashe) mu Rwanda, kubera ko umutekano uhagije urahari mu mpande zose z’igihugu; muri Pariki y’ibirunga abakerarugendo n’ubungubu baraza buri munsi, ndetse no mu bindi bice by’u Rwanda harimo n’ishyamba rya Nyungwe.”
Muri dipolomasi nta mwanzi uhoraho uyu munsi twabona ibintu bisa n’ibikaze ariko bugacya byahosheje. Ibyo rero bisaba ubushake bwa politiki mu kubibonera ibisubizo. Ikindi gikenewe muri iyo nzira ishaka ibisubizo ni uko nta kwihagararaho gukwiye kuranga inzego zose zirebwa n’iki kibazo kuko bisaba kudatsimbarara ahubwo ukagira ibyo utakaza ( concession/ lose) kugira ngo ugire ibyo wunguka kandi ugeraho ( win).
Urebye imiterere y’umuvuduko w’ifatwa ry’ibi byemezo biragaragara ko hari n’ibindi bihugu bizafata bene biriya byemezo. Reka twizere ko u Rwanda ruzabyitwaramo neza naho ibisigaye ni ukubitega amaso.
