Uburyo bwo gukemura amakimbirane binyuze mu buhuza n’ubukemurampaka bufatwa nk’igisubizo ku bibazo by’idindira ry’imanza, gutakaza amafaranga mu magarama no mu ngendo, umwanya n’imibanire myiza hagati y’impande zajyaga kuba zihanganye mu nkiko. Utsinze n’utsinzwe bakomeza kubana basindagizanya.
Nyiramakuba Marigarita wo mu murenge wa Rugendabari mu karere ka Burera, yamaze imyaka itatu asiragira ku rukiko rw’ibanze rwa Gahunga mu karere ka Burera. Ubwo yari ategereje gusomerwa urubanza ruregwamo uwamukubitiye umwana, yatunguwe no kubwirwa ko asubira mu Bunzi.
Nyamara nyuma yo kungwa n’uwamukubitiye umwana, ubu babanye neza kuko n’umwana yari yaravujwe agakira. Nyiramakuba agira ati “Hariya ku rukiko nari ngiye kuhasazira, hari ubwo nahageraga ngasanga barwimuye, ubundi bati ‘’ruzasomwa’’ ariko ntirusomwe. Bansubije mu Bunzi mburana n’uwankubitiye umwana, ndamutsinda baratwunga. Yansabye imbabazi anica icyiru kuko dusanzwe duturanye, kandi yanamfashije kurwaza umwana. Ubu tubanye mu mahoro, mu gihe iyo afungwa ntacyo nari kunguka kandi umuryango wamvumiraga ku gahera”.
Naho Mukarukundo Enata, wo mu murenge wa Ruharambuga mu karere ka Nyamasheke, avuga ko umuryango wabo wari umaze imyaka igera muri 20 uri mu manza baburana isambu n’abavandimwe. Abitangira ubuhamywa muri aya magambo: “twahatakarije amafaranga menshi, iwacu bagurisha amatungo n’udutungo kugeza bapfuye, imanza turazikomeza ariko nyuma rwose vuba aha, twabonye abahuza none ibintu bihagaze neza. Abo twaburanaga bari abo mu muryango, ubu tubanye neza, amakimbirane yarashize”. Uyu mubyeyi agaragaza ko yicuza igihe kingana kuriya bataye.
Amategeko asobanutse
Mu mwaka wa 2016, nibwo Leta y’u Rwanda yatangaje itegeko N0 37/2016 ryo ku wa 08/0/2016 rigena imitunganyirize, ifasi, ububasha n’imikorere bya komite y’Abunzi mu rwego rwo gufasha kugabanya imanza mu nkiko no gufasha abaturage mu gukemura ibibazo byabo batagombye kujya gusiragira mu nkiko.
Muri uwo murongo kandi hagiyeho urwego rwa MAJ ndetse no mu nkiko hashyirwaho uburyo butuma abagiye kuburana bahabwa amahirwe yo kubanza gutekereza ku mishyikirano.
Ubu buryo bwo gukemura impaka bushingiye ku biganiro hagati y’impande zombi, bushobora kuba rimwe cyangwa kenshi, babifashijwemo n’umuhuza kugira ngo bagere ku gisubizo buri wese yemera kandi yakiriye.
Uwimana Vénuste, ni umuhesha w’inkiko w’umwuga akaba n’umuhuza mu karere ka Kamonyi, we agaragaza ko hari igihe kurangiza imanza bitinda kubera ko hari ubwo biba ngombwa kwitabaza izindi nzego zitandukanye zirimo nka Polisi, inzego z’ibanze n’izindi. Ati “Muri icyo gihe urubanza ruratinda kuko izo nzego hari ubwo bizigora kuboneka, nyamara iyo binyuze mu buryo bw’ikemurampaka busanzwe bwa kinyarwanda, ibintu birihuta rwose”.
Mu myaka yashize hagiye kandi hakunda kuvugwa ikibazo cy’amafaranga agenda mu nkiko, haba akoreshwa n’ababuranyi ubwabo nk’amagarama, ay’ingendo ndetse n’akoreshwa n’urukiko.
Nk’uko bigaraga mu kanyamakuru “Ubucamanza No 02/2020”, ubuhuza bushobora kwifashishwa mu gukemura imanza zose, zaba iz’imbonezamubano, iz’ubucuruzi, iz’umurimo n’iz’ubutegetsi, yemwe n’imanza zimwe z’inshinjabyaha. Ariko n’undi wese ushaka kurangiza ibibazo cyangwa amakimbirane afitanye n’undi cyangwa n’abandi, ashobora kwifashisha iyi nzira y’ubuhuza bitabaye ngombwa kubanza kuregera inkiko.
Ubuhuza bukozwe kinyamwuga bugendera ku mahame agenderwaho mu gutuma abantu bafitanye amakimbirane cyangwa ibibazo bahura babifashishwemo n’umuhuza, bakagira icyo bemeranywaho, ibyo bigatuma ibyari amakimbirane hagati yabo bikemuka ku buryo burambye, maze bakikomereza imirimo ibateza imbere by’umwihariko, ndetse n’Igihugu muri rusange.
Urwego rw’ubutabera mu Rwanda, ruvuga ko hagamijwe kwimakaza ubuhuza nka bumwe mu buryo bwo gukemura amakimbirane, hari byinshi bimaze kugerwaho birimo nk’ivugururwa ry’itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’imbonezamubano, ubucuruzi, umurimo n’ubutegetsi hakongerwamo ingingo iha ububasha abanditsi ndetse n’abacamanza gushishikariza ababuranyi kwifashisha uburyo bw’ubuhuza ku birego byatanzwe mu nkiko.
Hari kandi itegeko ryerekeye imiburanishirize y’imanza z’inshinjabyaha riha ububasha umushinjacyaha kuba yahitamo, iyo abona ari ngombwa, guhuza uwakoze icyaha n’uwagikorewe mu byaha bito. Hashyizweho kandi Amabwiriza ya Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga yerekeye ubuhuza bukorewe imanza ziri mu nkiko ndetse na Komite Ngishwanama ishinzwe gutanga inama no gukurikinara imikorere n’imigendekere y’ubuhuza mu manza.
Perezida w’Urukiko rw’Ikirenga, Dr. Faustin Ntezilyayo, mu ijambo yavugiye mu muhango wo gutangiza umwaka w’ubucamanza wa 2020-2021 i Kigali, ku wa 07/09/2020, yijeje ko mu rwego rwo gukomeza gushimangira ko ubuhuza bukwiye bushyirwa muri politiki y’ubutabera mu Rwanda, hategurwa imishinga inyuranye harimo uwa Politiki y’Igihugu y’Ubuhuza n’uw’amabwiriza agenga ishyirwa mu bikorwa ry’ubwumvikane hagati y’Ubushinjacyaha n’ukurikiranyweho icyaha.
Cyakora agaragaza impungenge ko nubwo hari ibimaze kugerwaho bitari bike, ubwitabire bwerekeranye n’ubuhuza bukiri hasi cyane haba mu manza mbonezamubano cyangwa mu manza nshinjabyaha. Ibi ngo bikaba bigaragarira mu manza zitari nkeya zikomeza mu nkiko mu buryo bw’iburanisha kandi zashoboraga kurangizwa hifashishijwe ubuhuza.
Gukunda inkiko kurusha ubwumvikane!
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ihuriro ry’abafasha mu butabera (Legal Aid ForumLAF) bwatangajwe mu mwaka wa 2017, bwagaragaje ko Abanyarwanda 87% banyurwa na serivisi z’ubufasha mu by’amategeko, naho 35% bakaba ari bo banyurwaga n’uburyo bakemuriwe ibibazo hifashishijwe ubwunzi.
Ku bijyanye n’uburyo Abanyarwanda banyurwa n’uko inzego zitandukanye zikemura amakimbirane, ubushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko 38.5% banyurwa n’ibyemezo by’abunzi, 45% bagaragaza ko bemera uburyo inzego z’ibanze zikemura amakimbirane, 95 % ni bo banyurwaga n’ibyemezo bya MAJ, mu gihe 84 % banyurwa n’uko inkiko zikemura amakimbirane.
Umuntu ahereye kuri iyi mibare, birigaragaza ko Abanyarwanda bizera ibyemezo by’inkiko ku makimbirane kurusha uko bizera iby’ubuhuza. Iyi ikaba ari yo mpamvu imanza zikomeza kuba nyinshi mu nkiko kandi hariho uburyo bwo gukemura amakimbirane abantu bagakwiye kuba bakoresha budahenze, bubafasha gukomeza kubana neza kandi butabatwara igihe: gukemura amakimbirane hitabajwe ubuhuza.
KAREGEYA Jean Baptiste Omar
