Perezida Habyarimana iyo aza kwigira kuri Thomas Sankara ntiyari kugwa mu gatego ka Mitterand

Thomas Sankara ni intwali ya Afurika, akaba yaratanze ubuzima bwe kugirango intekerezo ze nziza zivane abaturage ba Burkina Faso ku ngoyi ya ba Mpatsibihugu, ibikorwa bye by’ubutwari benshi bamwibukiraho na Perezida Juvenal Habyarimana w’u Rwanda iyo aza kubigenderaho aba yaramenye igakino k’Abafaransa akicwa gitwari kurusha uko yasize u Rwanda.

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Ese Thomas Sankara ni muntu ki?
Yavutse mu 1949, i Yako muri Burkina Faso, avuka yitwa Thomas Isidore Noà«l Ouédraogo, akaba yarabaye umusirikare w’igihugu ndetse aranakundwa cyane ku bw’umutima wa kimuntu yabyirukanye, afite imbaraga n’amahane, agakunda igihugu cye n’abaturage bacyo.

Ku myaka 19 gusa y’amavuko nibwo Sankara yinjiye mu gisirikare, kubera imbaraga n’ubuhanga yari afite, nyuma y’umwaka umwe gusa yahise yoherezwa muri Madagascar guhugurwa mu bya gisirikare, agaruka mu kitwaga Haute Volta mu 1972.
Mu 1974 Sankara yayoboye urugamba rukomeye rwaberaga ku mupaka w’igihugu cye na Mali, aha yahavanye intsinzi ndetse n’abantu benshi batangira gushyigikira ibitekerezo bya politiki bye, akomeza kugenda amenyekana mu murwa mukuru Ouagadougou.
Uretse no kuba yari yaratangiye politiki, Sankara yari azwi dore ko yari n’umucuranzi ukomeye, acuranga guitar muri Orchestre “Tout-à -Coup Jazz”.

Sankara yagendaga kuri Moto ye (ipikipiki), iyi moto yatwaragaho abantu ku buntu, uwo aciyeho agenda n’amaguru akamuha lifuti, ibi nabyo byatumye abantu bamukunda muri uwo mujyi, aho aciye hose bakamwishimira.
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Mu 1976 Thomas Sankara yagizwe umuyobozi w’ikigo cy’abakomando, akaba yarakoranaga cyane na Blaise Compaore, Thomas Sankara yagizwe minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’amahanga mu 1981 ariko akomeza koroshya ubuzima bwe, ntiyishyira ejuru ahubwo akomeza kwigendera kuri ya moto ye.
Nyuma y’umwaka umwe gusa, mu 1982 Sankara yahise yivana kuri uyu mwanya wa Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’amahanga, atangaza ku mugaragaro ko atakomeza gukorana na Leta igizwe n’ibisambo, abigwizaho imitungo kandi abaturage biyicira isazi mu maso.
Ubu butegetsi yashinjaga gusahurira mu mifuka bwaje kuvanwaho, Sankara agirwa Minisitiri w’intebe ariko uyu mwanya nawo ntiyawumazeho kabiri, yawukuweho aranafungwa na bagenzi be 2 b’abofisiye, ibi bikorwa nyuma y’uruzinduko rwa Christophe Mitterrand umuhungu wa Francois Mitterand yagiriye muri Burkina Faso.

Ifungwa rya Sankara ntabwo ryanyuze abaturage, tariki ya 4 Kanama 1983 Sankara nibwo yabaye Perezida ku myaka 33 y’amavuko, yibonaga nk’impirimbanyi y’impinduramatwara ndetse agafatira urugero ku zindi ntwari zagiye ziharanira impinduka mu bihugu byabo nka Fidel Castro na Ernesto Guevara bo muri Cuba.
Sankara amaze kuba Perezida
Sankara yaharaniraga ko habaho Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Afurica by’umwihariko akagereranwa na Ernesto Geuvara bashingiye ku myitwarire ye.

Taliki ya 15 Ukwakira 1987 Sankara yarishwe, yicanwa n’abandi bofisiye bagera kuri 12 muri coup d’Etat yateguwe ikanashyirwa mu bikorwa na Blaise Compaore, wari incuti ye cyane, ahita afata ubutegetsi ariko amaraso ya Sankara akomeza kumukurikirana, kuva icyo gihe amwica kugera aho avuye ku butegetsi abebera muri 2014, ubu akaba ari mu buhungiro.
Ese Sankara yishwe na nde, yazize iki?
Compaore akorera coup d’Etat Sankara yamushinjaga gusenya umubano igihugu cyari gifitanye n’ibihugu by’amahanga cyane cyane iby’i Burayi, ibi kandi koko ngo Sankara ntiyabikozwaga yumvaga yifuza ko umuturage wa Burkina Faso yishyira akizana, akabaho ku bwe adategereje ko abazungu baza bakamunaga mu kanwa kandi nabwo batamukunze.
Sankara yagiye agaragara mu nama mu Bufaransa yambaye imyenda ye ya gisirikare n’ipeti rye rya Kapiteni mu gihe abandi bakuru b’ibihugu babaga bambaye amakote na za karuvati, ariko we ibyo akavuga ko ari ibya kizungu, ko we ari umusirikare w’igihugu cye, umusirikare w’abaturage b’igihugu cye.
Ibyo yakoraga ntibyanyuraga Francois Mitterand wari Perezida w’Ubufaransa, dore ko hari n’imbwirwaruhame (discours), za Sankara agaragariza agasuzuguro kadasanzwe Abafaransa imbere ya Mitterand byabaga bishengura.
Uruhare rw’Ubufaransa mu rupfu rwa Sankara?
“ U Bufaransa, ku kigeranyo utamenya, bwagize uruhare mu rupfu rwa Sankara…Ntibyumvikana gusiga mu gihirahiro abaturage ba Burkina Faso ku byabaye”. Ibi ni ibyatangajwe na André Chassaigne, umudepite w’Umufaransa wo mu ishyaka ry’ Abakominisite aho avuga ko azotsa igitutu Guverinoma y’u Bufaransa igashyiraho Komisiyo ishinzwe gucukumbura iby’iyicwa rya Thomas Sankara.

Uretse uyu mudepite, Leta ya Mitterand yagiye ishinjwa cyane kwivugana Sankara wagaragazaga ko ashaka ukwishyira akizana hamwe n’abaturage be, dore ko Burkina Faso yari yarahawe ubwigenge n’Ubufaransa mu 1960 ariko bagashaka gukomeza kuyivogera.
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Urupfu rwa Sankara rwasigiye irihe somo Perezida Habyarimana?
Abaperezida nka Habyarimana Juvenal w’u Rwanda, Mobutu wa Zayire, Bagaza w’u Burundi… ni bamwe mu baperezida ba Afurika bakoreraga mu kwaha kwa Francois Mitterand ndetse bakaba baragiye bahurira mu nama zitandukanye na Thomas Sankara we utarakozwaga ibya Mpatsibihugu ari nacyo yazize.
Nka Perezida Habyarimana wari umaze kubona ibyakorewe Sankara, Ubufaransa bubifitemo uruhare, umutego yaguyemo yari kuwukwepa agasaza neza, yanakwicwa agapfa nk’intwari y’u Rwanda mu gihe ubu avumwa kubera aho yarusize.
Kuba hari impunzi z’Abanyarwanda zabaga muri Uganda zagiye zihunga kuva mu 1959, zasabaga gutaha Habyarimana akavuga ko iyo ikirahure cyuzuye amazi ntawakongeraho andi ko yahita ameneka, ibi byanyuraga Francois Mitterand, akanamutiza umurindi.
Mitterand yatizaga umurindi Habyarimana arwanya itaha ry’impunzi z’Abanyarwanda, mu gihe yabonaga ko imbaraga Ubufaransa bwari bufite mu Rwanda zishobora kugabanyuka, sisiteme ya gifarangofoni (système Francophone) ikaba nk’itsinzwe, hakinjira iya angorofoni (système Anglophone).
Uretse n’izindi nyungu z’ubucuruzi bw’intwaro n’ibindi Ubufaransa bwari bufite mu Rwanda, byatumaga bukomeza gushyigikira Habyarimana ariko umunsi yari avuye mu mishyikirano muri Tanzaniya yemeye ko impunzi zitaha, nibwo yishwe.
Urupfu rwe rwakurikiwe na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, abasaga miliyoni bicwa bazira ubusa, muri ubwo bwicanyi n’ubundi Abafaransa bakomeje gutiza amaboko Interahamwe n’abasirikare ba Leta.
Nk’uko Abafaransa bashinjwa kwivugana Sankara ni nako n’ubu bashinjwa kwivugana Habyarimana ubwo yari avuye mu mishkirano yemeye gushyikirana na FPR Inkotanyi nazo zari zaratangiye kumwota igitutu.
Ikinyamakuru Libération cyo mu Bufaransa, ku wa gatatu tariki ya 9 Mutarama 2013, cyasohoye inkuru irimo ikimenyetso gishobora kugaragaza uruhare rwa Leta y’u Bufaransa ku ihanurwa ry’indege yari itwaye Habyarimana.
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Icyo kinyamakuru kivuga ko ubwo umucamanza w’umufaransa Marc Trévidic yakoraga icukumbura ku ihanurwa ry’iyo ndege, yavumbuye urupapuro rwemeza ko hari abasirikare b’abajandarume 2, bakomoka mu Bufaransa, bapfiriye mu Rwanda muri Mata 1994.

Abishwe ni umusirikare w’umujandarume witwa René Maier, wari kumwe na Alain Didot wiciwe hamwe n’umugore we Gilda Didot, bikaba bivugwa ko bishwe hagati y’itariki ya 12 na 13 Mata 1994, ariko ngo iby’urupfu rwabo bikaba bitarigeze bisobanuka kugeza iki gihe.
Ikinyamakuru Libération kibazaga niba urupfu rw’abo bantu batatu, rutazabangamira ubushakashatsi bwa Trévidic, cyangwa se kitaba ikimenyetso kiganisha ku ruhare rwa Leta y’u Bufaransa mu ihanurwa ry’indege yari itwaye Habyarimana na Ntaryamira Cyprien wari Perezida w’u Burundi.
Abo basirikare b’abajandarume bishwe, bari abajyanama mu bya Tekiniki, bakaba bari bashinzwe n’ibijyanye n’itumanaho “transmission radio” hagati ya Ambasade y’u Bufaransa n’igisirikare cy’u Rwanda.
Umwanditsi w’iyi nkuru avuga ko bishoboka ko bazize ko baba barumvise ibiganiro byabaye hagati ya Ambasade y’u Bufaransa i Kigali n’ingabo zari iz’u Rwanda, mbere y’uko indege yarimo Habyarimana ihanurwa, bityo Leta y’u Bufaransa ikaba yarifuzaga ko amakuru ajyanye n’iby’iyo ndege atazagaragazwa.
Habyarimana Juvénal yavutse kuwa 8 Werurwe 1937, yicwa tariki ya 6 Mata 1994. Yabaye Perezida wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda kuva kuwa 5 Nyakanga 1973 kugeza kuwa 6 Mata 1994, yapfuye afite imyaka 57 akaba yari amaze imyaka 21 ku butegetsi yarahawe amazina (Umubyeyi, kinani,…), ibyo yakoreye Abanyarwanda byaherekejwe na jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, yari yarateguwe imyaka n’imyaka ishyirwa mu bikorwa.
Kuba Sankara yaramaze imyaka igera kuri 4 gusa ku butegetsi agapfa agifite amaraso ya gisore ku myaka 37 gusa, ibikorwa bye by’ubutwari isi yose irabimurata ku buryo iyo na Habyarimana abigenderaho akima amatwi Abafaransa, umutego wo gupfa nabi ashobora kuba yari kuwusimbuka, yanawugwamo wenda ubu akaba yitwa intwari y’u Rwanda, mu gihe ubu uvuga Habyarimana Abanyarwanda bakumva amaraso y’inzirakarenga zishwe.

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