Nyuma y’uko leta y’u Rwanda n’iy’u Burundi bihagaritse ibikorwa by’ubuhahirane ndetse bikanagira ingaruka ku baturage ku mpande zombi cyane cyane ku baturiye imipaka, leta ya Zambia na yo ngo yaba ishaka ko haboneka umuti w’iki kibazo kuko byayigizeho ingaruka.
Guhera mu mwaka wa 2015, umubano hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Burundi wakomeje kuba agatereranzamba, kugeza ubwo u Burundi bwafashe umwanzuro wo gufunga ibicuruzwa byavaga muri kiriya gihugu biza mu Rwanda cyane cyane ibikomoka ku buhinzi n’ubworozi ndetse n’abaturage bagerageje kurenga imipaka rimwe na rimwe bakabihanirwa.
Muri Nyakanga 2016, nibwo Visi Perezida wa kabiri w’u Burundi, Joseph Butore yabujije abaturage bo muri kiriya gihugu kugurisha umusaruro w’ubuhinzi mu Rwanda, ndetse yongeraho ko uzabirengaho azahura n’ingaruka.
Ikibazo ku ruhande rwa Zambia
Zambia ni igihugu gikorana ubuhahirane bukomeye na Tanzania ndetse n’ibindi bihugu byo mu karere, bwibanda ku bicuruzwa birimo isukari, ibiribwa bica mu nganda, sima n’ibindi. Ubu bucuruzi kuri ubu biba ngombwa ko bigomba kuzenguruka mu nyanja y’u Buhinde, mu gihe byari bifite inzira ya hafi ica mu Rwanda igahita ikomeza mu Burundi no muri Zambia.
Ikinyamakuru Southernafrican kivuga ko Leta ya Zambia ivuga ko kuva u Rwanda n’u Burundi byahagarika ubuhahirane byayiteje igihombo kuko biyihenda kugeza ibicuruzwa byayo mu bindi bihugu bigombye kuzenguruka mu zindi nzira za kure.
Ni muri urwo rwego, umuyobozi w’ishyirahamwe ry’ubucuruzi mu gihugu cya Zambia, Davies Kaluba, yasabye Perezida Lungu kwinjira mu gihugu agasanga abaperezida bagenzi be b’u Rwanda n’u Burundi bakaganira hagamijwe kureba inyungu ku mpande zose.
Leta ya Zambia ivuga ko ibi byatumye ihomba cyane cyane ku bijyanye n’ibyo yohereza mu mahanga byabuze amayira yanyuraga muri ibi bihugu.
Iki gihugu kivuga ko ubucuruzi bwacyo bushingira ahanini ku byoherezwa ku kiyaga cya Tanganyika, gihuriweho n’ibihugu bigera kuri 4 birimo Tanzania, RDC, Zambia ndetse n’u Burundi, Zambia ikaba ifite umwenda ungana n’ibihumbi 270 by’Amadolari igomba kwishyura ari uko yacuruje ibicuruzwa byayo kuri iki cyambu cya Tanganyika.
Zambia ivuga ko nubwo gukoresha ubwato ari bumwe mu buryo bwo kugeza ibicuruzwa ku babikeneye, ariko ko bibahenda ugereranyije n’uko byakorwaga mu gihe inzira zari nyabagendwa hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Burundi.
Ikibazo cy’u Rwanda n’u Burundi ntigishingiye ku bukungu
Amakimbirane mu Burundi yatangiye kubyutsa umutwe guhera ku wa 26 Mata 2014, nyuma y’uko ishyaka CNDD-FDD ryemeje Nkurunziza Petero nk’umukandida ku mwanya wa Perezida wa Repubulika.
Muri icyo gihe nibwo hatangiye imyigaragambyo yamaganaga manda ya Perezida Nkurunziza, aho abatavuga rumwe na we batari babishyigikiye, ibintu byateje ubwicanyi butagira ingano muri kiriya gihugu.
Leta y’u Burundi yakomeje gushinja u Rwanda ko rwaba rufite uruhare mu ihungabanya ry’umutekano mu gihugu cyabo, nyuma yongeraho gutoza abajya guhungabanyayo umutekano no gucumbikira abashakaga kugirira nabi umukuru w’igihugu ubwo bateguraga Coup d’Etat igapfuba ku itariki ya 13 Gicurasi 2015.
Umwaka ushize nibwo Umuvugizi muri perezidansi, Willy Nyamitwe yarashwe ararusimbuka, icyo gihe igipolisi cy’u Burundi cyashinjije u Rwanda ko ari rwo rwihishe inyuma y’ubwo bugizi bwa nabi ariko igisirikare cy’u Rwanda kirabihakana.
Tariki ya 11 Gicurasi 2015, Leta y’u Burundi yirukanye Umunyarwanda, Masozera Antoine, wayoboraga Sosiyete yigenga y’itumanaho ‘Econet’ ashinjwa ubutasi. Ni icyemezo cyafashwe n’Ikigo gishinzwe gutanga impapuro z’abinjira n’abasohoka hamwe n’ibiro by’iperereza mu Burundi (Pafe&Documentation). Mu gihe na none ku itariki ya 8 Kamena 2015, Umunyamakuru wo mu Rwanda, Besabesa Mivumbi Etienne, yafashwe akanafungirwa i Burundi muri gereza ya Muyinga iri mu Ntara ya Muyinga muri Komine ya Giteranyi, ashinjwa ubutasi, aho yamaze igihe kigera ku minsi 10 afungiye muri iyo gereza, kuko yafunguwe tariki ya 18 Kamena 2015. Uyu munyamakuru yahamije ko yakubiswe bikomeye n’inzego z’umutekano z’u Burundi, ku buryo hari igihe atabashaga no kwicara.
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Jacques Bihozagara wahoze ari minisitiri mu Rwanda akaza no kuba ambasaderi w’u Rwanda mu Bubiligi no mu Bufaransa, yaje gufatirwa i Burundi arafungwa ashinjwa kuba intasi y’u Rwanda, mu kwezi kwa Gatatu 2015, uyu mugabo yaje gupfira muri gereza ya Mpimba, bikavugwa ko yaba yarozwe, ariko urupfu rwe ruba amayobera.
Nyuma y’urupfu rwe, Leta y’u Rwanda yasabye abategetsi b’u Burundi gutanga ibisobanuro bihagije ku rupfu rwe. Umuyobozi ushinzwe ibibazo bya Afurika muri minisiteri y’ububanyi n’amahanga y’u Rwanda, Eugene Ngoga, yavuze ko Bihozagara yari umwe mu bandi Banyarwanda benshi bagiye bicwa nabi cyangwa bagapfa mu buryo budasobanutse mu Burundi.
Uretse ibi kandi imirambo yo muri Rweru nayo yakuruye impaka, hagati y’ibihugu byombi. Muri Kanama 2014, habonetse imirambo mu kiyaga cya Rweru ndetse Leta y’u Burundi yihutira kuyishyingura, inatangaza ko yari yaturutse mu Rwanda ariko u Rwanda rubitera utwatsi ko ntaho ruhuruye nayo.
Nyuma y’ibi byose byatangajwe n’ibitantangajwe, umubano wakomeje kuba agatereranzamba, abayobozi ba za banki nkuru mu bihugu byombi baza guhurira i Arusha muri Tanzaniya, bazi ko cyaba gifitanye isano n’igishingiye ku bukungu.
Baje kwemeza ko ikibazo cy’u Rwanda n’u Burundi atari ikibazo kijyanye n’ubukungu ahubwo ko ari ikibazo gishingiye kuri politiki bityo basaba ko abakuru b’ibihugu ku mpande zombi bakwiye kwicara bakakinoza, bagamije kureba inyungu z’abaturage bo mu bihugu bya bo.
Ku itariki ya 27 Werurwe 2017, i Bujumbura mu gihugu cy’u Burundi hateraniye inama y’iminsi 2, iyi nama ikaba yari igamije kurebera hamwe iterambere ry’ibihugu bihuriye mu muryango wa Afurika y’Iburasirazuba, EAC n’uw’ibiyaga bigali CIRGL, ariko ikazanagaruka ku kibazo cy’umutekano mucye ukirangwa muri ibi bihugu ndetse n’umwuka utari mwiza hagati y’u Rwanda n’u Burundi. Gusa nta mwanzuro wari watangwa ku byo ibi biganiro byaba byaratanze.
Kugeza ubu, nta kuri gushyirwa ahagaragara ku cyaba kihishe inyuma y’ubu bushotoranyi butari ubwa vuba bukomeje no kugira ingaruka ku bihugu by’u Rwanda n’u Burundi ndetse n’ibindi bituranye, Zambia yo ikaba yagaragaje ukuri kwayo ku ngaruka byayigizeho.
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