Abahinzi b’umuceri n’ibigori ndetse n’aborozi b’inka mu karere ka Kayonza bavuga ko iyo basuzumye neza uburyo bagurisha umusaruro wabo ku isoko basanga ibiciro bidahura n’ibyo bashoye.
Ngo ibiciro by’umusaruro bijyaho akenshi ari ukugereranya ubundi hakabaho gutera forufe hagendewe ku ngano y’umusaruro umuhinzi-mworozi afite n’uko isoko rimeze. Ibi bituma akenshi umuguzi yishyiriraho ibiciro bye bishobora gutuma umuhinzi agwa mu gihombo cyangwa se ubuhinzi bwe butamuteza imbere uko aba abyiteze.
Aba bahinzi bagaragaza ko kuba igiciro ku musaruro kitaba kijyanye n’ibyo baba bashoye bidindiza umurimo wabo kandi bikabaca intege. Abababaye cyane ariko ni abahinga ibigori n’umuceli kimwe n’aborozi b’inka bafite ikibazo cy’ibiciro bahabwa ku musaruro, byaba ibigenwa na Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi (MINICOM) cyangwa se ibyo bahabwa n’abaguzi nyuma yo kumvikana cyangwa kubura uko bagira.
Gakwavu Augustin, ni umworozi w’inka wo mu murenge wa Nyamirama. Avuga ko iyo arebye ibyo atanga ku nka ze akareba n’uko amata agura, asanga mu by’ukuri ntawagatinyutse gushora muri ubu bworozi. Ati « Ujya kumva ukumva baravuze ngo litiro y’amata tuyigurishe amafaranga 200. Ubivuga aba yibereye i Kigali, atabanje kugera hano mu giturage ngo arebe uburyo nko kubona ubwatsi byonyine ari ikibazo gikomeye». Uyu mworozi ubimazemo imyaka itari mike asanga ngo icupa ry’urwagwa rw’ibitoki rifite agaciro kurusha litiro y’amata nyamara ngo imirimo ijyanye n’iboneka ry’amata ari yo ihenze. Ati « Ibaze nawe ko icupa ry’urwagwa ritari na litiro rigura amafaranga 300 mu gihe litiro y’amata ari 200 gusa ».
Uwimana Esteri we ni umuhinzi w’umuceli, akaba n’umujyanama w’ubuhinzi mu murenge wa Gahini . Avuga ko kuba batigera na rimwe bamenya aho igiciro cy’umusaruro wabo gishyirirwaho akenshi bibatera igihombo cyangwa bakunguka intica ntikize bitewe n’uko ibyo biciro biba byashyizweho hatabanje kubarwa ibyo bashoye. Ati « duhinga duhendwa, tukagurisha duhomba, nta ruhare na rumwe twigera tubigiramo ».
Ku bahinzi b’umuceri bo ngo hari n’ubwo umuguzi awujyana akawumarana iminsi nyuma akawubagarurira ngo ni mubi, bakaba barahombye. Ikindi kandi ngo imbuto z’indobanure kimwe n’inyongeramusaruro birabahenda ariko umusaruro waboneka bo bagahendwa.
Kanamugire Karoli, ahinga ibigori. We ngo ababazwa cyane n’uko bavunika bahinga, bakagorwa bashaka amafaranga yo kugura imbuto n’ifumbire nyamara bajya kugurisha bagasanga nta cyo bungutse gifatika. Kuri we ngo guhinga ibigori ni ukuruhira inganda kuko ngo, “ikilo cy’imbuto kigura amafaranga 1000, byakwera ikilo bakigurisha amafaranga 150 nyamara bamara kukinyuza mu mashini, agahunga kakagurwa 500 yose ku kilo kimwe”.
Igiciro bahabwa ntigituma ibyo bakora bibateza imbere vuba
Bamwe mu baturage bo mu murenge wa Mwiri bavuga ko akenshi ubuhinzi bw’ibigori bubahombya ndetse ngo n’amafaranga bashoye bahinga ntibabasha kuyagaruzaho na kimwe cya kabiri cyayo.
Naho Uwimana Porotazi nawe uhinga avuga ko kuri Are imwe bimutwara amafaranga hafi ibicumbi 13. Umusaruro uvamo ukaba hagati y’ibiro 40 na 70. Agaragaza ko ikilo kimwe iyo bakigurishije menshi bakibonaho amafaranga 200, bivuze ko agaciro gashoboka ku wasaruye neza kuri are imwe ari ibihumbi 14000, inyungu ikaba 1000.
Ku bijyanye n’ubuhinzi bw’umuceli, bamwe mu bahinzi batangaza ko kuri Are 10 bazishoraho amafaranga agera mu bihumbi 80 kandi ubwo mu ifumbire babonye nkunganire. Umusaruro uvamo ukabaha hagati y’ibiro 400 na 500. Ku isarura riheruka igiciro cya kirograma 1 cyari amafaranga 285. Ibi bivuga ko uwasaruye neza yinjije ibihumbi bigera ku 145 naho uwarumbije akabona agera ku bihumbi 114. Ubwo kandi ngo ntibaba babariyemo imirimo ubwabo bikorera mu gihe cy’amezi atandatu isezo imara.
Aba bahinzi bagaragaza ko kutagira amahirwe yo guhura n’abagena igiciro haba ku muceli, ku bigori ndetse no ku mata biri mu bituma bahomba. Basanga buri gihembwe cy’ihinga bagakwiye kujya bahura n’abagena igiciro ngo kuko ibyo bashora bigenda bihinduka bitewe n’uko icyo gihembwe cyagenze.
Abahinzi-borozi bashinjwa ubumenyi buke
Umuyobozi mukuru w’ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe amakoperative RCA, Prof Dr Jean Bosco Harerimana avuga ko mu kugena igiciro cy’ibihingwa abahinzi bahagararirwa binyuze mu makoperative yabo. Ati “ Buri muhinzi wese ntiyatumizwa dore ko hari n’ababa batazi iyo biva n’iyo bigana, ariko ababahagaraiye cyane cyane mu rwego rw’amakoperative baba bahari.” Avuga kandi ko MINAGRI na MINICOM atari bo bonyine bashyiraho ibiciro ahubwo ko na RCA nk’urwego ruhagarariye amakoperative babagiramo ruruhare.
Ku ruhande rwayo, MINICOM isanga bamwe mu bahinzi babikora uko biboneye ku buryo badashobora kubara ibyo bashora byose kugera no ku gihe cyabo baba bakoresheje mu buhinzi n’ubworozi. Bityo ngo kubiyambaza mu kugena igiciro cy’umusaruro bikaba bisa no kubagora cyangwa kubasaba gukora ibyo badashoboye. Karangwa Cassien ushinzwe ubucuruzi bw’imbere mu gihugu muri MINICOM ati “Ahubwo abahinzi bakwiye amahugurwa ahagije kugira ngo babashe gukora ubuhinzi bwabo kinyamwuga, bamenye ibibugendamo kandi bagire ubushobozi bwo kugira uruhare mu igenwa ry’ibiciro” .
Ikindi aba bahinzi-borozi banengwaho ngo ni ukudakurikirana ngo bamenye amakuru cyangwa se kutayatanga.Karangwa Cassien ati “ Mu kugena ibiciro, duhamagara abahagarariye abahinzi n’abaorozi, ikibazo gihari ari icy’ihererekanyamakuru hagati y’abahinzi n’ababahagarariye ku bishoro ndetse n’iyemezwa ry’biciro.”Karangwa akaba asanga akenshi abahinzi badashyikirana n’ababahagarariye ngo bababwire ibyo bashoye bityo na bo bazabone icyo bavuga mu nama zigenwamo ibiciro.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’ihuriro ry’imiryango ya sosiyete sivile bugaragaza ko abahinzi badafite imbaraga n’ubushobozi bwo kuba bagena ibiciro kandi ko badahabwa umwanya muri iryo gena ry’ibiciro.
Karangwa Cassien ushinzwe ubucuruzi bw’imbere mu gihugu muri MINICOM avuga ko mu kugena igiciro cy’umusaruro mu buhinzi n’ubworozi harebwa ku gishoro umuhinzi aba yashyizemo noneho bakamugenera inyungu iri hagati ya 25 na 30% by’ayo yashoye. Abahinzi-borozi bo mu karere ka Kayonza bo basanga umucuruzi ari we wunguka menshi kandi mu gihe gito.
Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe n’Ihuriro ry’Imiryango itari iya Leta bwerekana ko abahinzi batagira uruhare mu kugena igiciro cy’umusaruro wabo. Aho abahinzi 77 ,9% bavuze ko batagira uruhare mu kugena igiciro, 13,2% bo bavuze ko bagurisha ku giciro bashatse naho 8,8% bavuze ko baciririkanya ku giciro n’ababagurira umusaruro.
Politiki yo guteza imbere ubuhinzi n’ubworozi ya leta y’u Rwanda iteganya kongera ahakorerwa ubuhinzi n’ubworozi n’umusaruro ubikomokaho. Ariko kandi ikagaragaza ko ababikora bazagabanuka bivuga ko bizaharirwa ba rwiyemezamirimo gusa naho abandi babikoraga byo kubura ikindi bakora bagashakirwa indi imirimo.
