Fidel Alejandro Castro ni umunyapolitiki wamenyekaniye mu mpinduramatwara zimakaza umuco wa gikominisime. Yavukiye mu gace ka Biran muri Cuba tariki ya 13 Kanama 1926, apfira muri Havana tariki ya 25 Ugushyingo 2016.
Castro ni umwe mu banyapolitiki bamaganye cyane umuco wa ‘capitalisme’, aho umutunzi aba afite uburenganzira bwose ku byo atunze, hatitawe ku badafite. Yashatse ko igihugu cye gikora mu buryo twakwita nk’isaranganya (communisme). Iki gihe, buri wese asarura ku butunzi bw’igihugu n’abagituye, yaba umukene cyangwa umutunzi.
Ubwumvikane hagati ya Castro n’ibuhugu byimakaje politiki ya ‘capitalisme’ nka Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika bwari hasi, dore ko byavuzwe ko yagiye ategwa imitego myinshi harimo n’igitero cyiswe ‘Bay of Pigs’ cyo mu 1961 ariko akayisimbuka ndetse hari n’ubwo igihugu cya Cuba na we bashyiriweho ibihano mpuzamahanga byahagarikaga ubucuruzi buhuza iki gihugu n’ibindi.
Ubwumvikane buke hagati ya Castro n’Amerika bwatumye acudika n’Ubumwe z’Abasoviyete (USSR) bwasenyutse mu 1991, igihugu cye gisinya amasezerano yo kujya guhabwa za missile ziturutseyo gusa ngo USSR yagambaniye Castro ubwo yayisabaga kurasa kuri Amerika yashinjaga kumuvogerera ikirere n’amazi ariko ikabyanga, ahubwo igenda isubiza iwayo za misile gake gake, icyo gihe Cuba igira ikibazo cy’ibura rya misile (Missile Crisis).
Kuva mu 1947 Castro yatangiye urugamba rw’impinduramatwara, ageze mu 1953, we n’abandi batavugaga rumwe n’ubutegetsi bagerageje guhirika ubutegetsi bwa Perezida Fulgencio Batista ubwo bagabaga igitero ku birindiro by’ingabo muri Moncada byari mu mugi wa Santiago ariko ntibyabahira. Bivugwa ko iki gitero cy’ubwiyayuzi Castro yakigabye ari kumwe n’abandi barwanyi 160.
Castro yatawe muri yombi muri uwo mwaka yananiriwemo guhirika Perezida Batista, afungurwa mu 1955 ahawe imbabazi. We n’umuvandimwe Raul Castro na Che Guevera bakoze umutwe w’ingabo zirwanya ubutegetsi witwaga ‘The July 26 Movement’, mu 1959 ugaba igitero simusiga ku ngabo z’igihugu cyasize Perezida Batista avuye ku butegetsi.
Iki gitero cya kabiri cyagabwe ahitwa Sierra Maestra. Castro yari ayoboye abarwanyi bagera kuri 800 bashoboye kunesha ingabo 30,000 za Perezida Batista.
Ishyaka rya Castro ni ‘Communist Party of Cuba’ yayoboye kuva mu 1961 kugeza mu 2011 kandi ni ryo rukumbi ryari muri iki gihugu ku ngoma ye. Castro yabaye Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Cuba kuva mu 1959 kugeza mu 1976, aba Perezida kuva mu 1976 kugeza mu 2008, ubwo yahariye ingoma murumuna we, Raul Castro.
