Ku itariki nk’iyi ya 13 Ukwakira mu 1961, nibwo Igikomangoma Louis Rwagasore, kishwe ku myaka 29 y’amavuko mbere gato y’uko igihugu cy’u Burundi kibona ubwigenge yaharaniye.
Rwagasore yari muntu ki?
Igikomangoma Rwagasore cyavutse ku itariki ya 10 Muatarama 1932, ni umuhungu w’Umwami Mwambutsa wa IV n’umugore we, Thérèse Kayonga. Yize amashuri yisumbuye muri Groupe Scolaire ya Astrida (Groupe Scolaire Officiel ya Butare) mu Rwanda, ndetse yiga igihe gito muri kaminuza yo mu Bubiligi ahita asubira iwabo kuyobora urugamba rwo guharanira ubwigenge.
Yagiye ashinga amashyirahamwe nyafurika atandukanye yo gushishikariza guharanira ubwigenge mu by’ubukungu ariko ahagarikwa byihuse n’u Bubiligi (bwari bukolonije u Burundi, u Rwanda na Congo) mu 1958.
Muri uwo mwaka, Igikomangoma cy’Ikamba, Rwagasore, cyahise gishinga umutwe wa politiki uzwi nka UPRONA (Union pour le Progrès national) n’ubu ugihari.
Uyu wizeraga ko uruhare rw’umuryango wa cyami rugomba kurenga politiki y’amashyaka, ise yamuzamuye ku mwanya w’Umutware wa Butanyerera, ariko arawanga kugira ngo ashobore kwitangira byimazeyo igihugu nk’uko tubikesha Wikipedia.
Rwagasore yaje gushakana n’umugore abantu benshi bizeraga ko ari Umuhutukazi, ngo akaba yarabikoze ashaka gucubya amacakubiri ashingiye ku moko cyane cyane hagati y’Abatutsi n’Abahutu, yizeraga ko ubutegetsi bw’abakoloni bw’Ababiligi ari bwo bwateranyije abanyagihugu.
Muri kongere ya mbere ya UPRONA muri Werurwe 1960, Rwagasore yasabye ubwigenge busesuye bw’u Burundi maze ahamagarira abaturage baho kwanga guhahira mu maduka y’Ababiligi no kwanga gutanga imisoro. Ibi byiswe guhamagarira abaturage kutumvira, bituma afungirwa iwe.
N’ubwo hari ibitaragenze neza, UPRONA yatsinze ku mugaragaro amatora y’Inteko Ishinga Amategeko y’abakoloni ku ya 8 Nzeri 1961, ku majwi 80%. Bukeye, Rwagasore yatangajwe ko ari Minisitiri w’Intebe, afite inshingano zo gutegurira igihugu kwakira bwigenge.
Iyicwa rye
Nyuma y’ibyumweru bibiri gusa, ku ya 13 Ukwakira 1961, Rwagasore yishwe ubwo yari arimo gufata amafunguro muri Hotel Tanganyika muri Usumbura (Bujumbura y’ubu). Umwicanyi, ufite ubwenegihugu bw’u Bugiriki witwa Jean Kageorgis, wari umaze igihe aba mu Burundi, yari aherekejwe n’Abarundi batatu, bo mu ishyaka rya gikirisitu riharanira demokarasi (PDC) ryari rishyigikiwe n’ababiligi.
Mu minsi itatu, abakekwa uko ari bane batawe muri yombi ndetse bahita banavuga abo bafatanyije, abayoboke babiri bo mu rwego rwo hejuru bo muri PDC (Jean-Baptiste Ntidendereza na Joseph Biroli), umwe ahita yiyemerera icyaha, ariko undi yanga kukemera.
Abahanga mu by’amateka bavuga ko abategetsi b’abakoloni b’Ababiligi bashobora kuba baragize uruhare runini muri ubwo bwicanyi nubwo nta perereza ryigeze rikorwa. Nko mu myaka ya za 70, René Lemarchand, impuguke mu mateka y’u Burundi, yavuze ko umunyamabanga wa PDC mu Burayi, Madamu Belva, yaba yarabwiwe n’umuyobozi w’umubiligi Roberto Régnier ko “Rwagasore agomba kwicwa”.
Byongeye kandi, hasigaye iminsi mike ngo yicwe, Rwagasore yari yatanze ikirego arega bayobozi barindwi b’Ababiligi barimo guverineri mukuru w’Umubiligi, Jean-Paul Harroy na Régnier. Mbere yo kwicwa azira ubwo bwicanyi, Kageorgis yashinje mu buryo bweruye Harroy na Régnier uruhare rwabo.
Mu mwaka wa 2011, umunyamakuru w’Umubiligi, Guy Poppe, yasohoye igitabo yise “De moord op Rwagasore, de Burundese Lumumba” (Urupfu rwa Rwagasore, Lumumba w’Abarundi) aho yavugaga ko hari ibitaragenze neza mu iperereza ku iyicwa ry’igikomangoma n’ibindi byirengagijwe nko kubaza ibibazo abatangabuhamya barimo Harroy, Régnier, umukunzi wa Kageorgis w’umubiligikazi, ndetse na Madamu Belva.
Poppe yavumbuye ko amadosiye yavuye mu bubiko bwa Minisiteri y’ububanyi n’amahanga y’u Bubiligi, harimo ibyatangajwe na Régnier mu kiganiro yagiranye n’itangazamakuru nyuma yo gusubira mu Bubiligi avuye mu Burundi, byabuze.
Poppe yavuze kandi ko Minisiteri y’ububanyi n’amahanga yateye ubwoba ko izirukana abahoze ari abayobozi ba gikoloni batatu mu gihe bari kuramuka bagiye mu Burundi gutanga ubuhamya mu rubanza rwa Kageorgis.
Poppe yavuze ko iperereza ryananiwe gukurikirana isano yari hagati y’ishyaka PDC ry’Abarundi n’ishyaka rya Gikristo riharanira imibereho myiza ry’Ababiligi (PSC-CVP).
Mu Ukwakira 2018 ubwo hibukwaga Rwagasore, u Burundi bwashinje u Bubiligi ku mugaragaro kugira uruhare mu iyicwa rya Rwagasore.
Umurage
Igikomangoma rwagasore kitiwe stade nkuru y’u Burundi izwi nka Stade Prince Louis Rwagasore ndetse hari n’ikipe yamwitiriwe yitwa Prince Louis FC. Imva ye yubatswe ku misozi irebana na Bujumbura kandi igizwe n’urwibutso rufite inkuta eshatu.
Inyandiko y’umwimerere iri hejuru y’urwibutso yanditseho intego y’igihugu “Dieu, Roi, Patrie” (Imana, Umwami, Igihugu) bihinduwe vuba kuko mbere yari (Ubumwe, Umurimo n’Iterambere). Kuva u Burundi bwabona ubwigenge ifoto ye igaragara ku noti y’i 100.
