Kuri uyu wa Gatatu tariki ya 18 Mutarama 2017, nibwo umujyi wa Kigali wongeye gushimangira amabwiriza yawo yo guca abazunguzayi mu muhanda, anabagenera ibihano, bo n’abakiriya babo. Bamwe mu banyarwanda ntibemeranya nayo, cyane ko hari ibihugu ubu bucuruzi bukorwa bukabiteza imbere. Mu gihugu cya Singapuru umucuruzi wo mu muhanda yegukanye igihembo cy’isi mu bucuruzi bw’ibiryo, gitangwa n’ikigo Michelin Star.
Ayo mabwiriza ni ayo mu 2015 si aya none, kuko ari ya Gicurasi 2015. Nyuma yo gusohoka mu igazeti ya Leta muri Nyakanga 2016, nibwo yongeye kumvikana ashyizweho umurego. Ingingo ya 17 y’aya mabwiriza, ibuza gucururiza mu muhanda no kugura n’ubikora. Ubirengaho, ahura n’ibihano biteganijwe mu ngingo ya 19.
Igira aiti “… ugaragayeho ikosa ryo gucururiza no kugurira mu muhanda mu Mujyi wa Kigali, azacibwa ihazabu ryo mu rwego rw’ubutegetsi ry’amafaranga y’u Rwanda ibihumbi icumi (10.000R Frw)….”.
Umuyobozi w’umujyi wungirije ushinzwe imibereho myiza, Muhongerwa Patricie, avuga ko ibi bitangira kubahirizwa kuri iyi tariki ya 18 Mutarama 2017. Ubuyobozi buvuga ko bufite amasoko 12 bwamaze kubakira abazunguzayi basaga ibihumbi 6, bamwe banga kuyajyamo.
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Uko abanyarwanda bayabona
Mu kiganiro Biravugwa cya Isango star, Nsengiyumva Albert yohereje ubutumwa agira ati “ gucururiza mu kajagari nta muntu n’umwe ubyishimiye ahubwo biterwa n’uko ukora ako kazi ariko ubuzima bumutegeka…… ”, agakomeza ati “ uyu muntu kumubwira ngo akazi wakoraga karahagaze bisobanuye ko inda ye ifunze!! ariko inda ntabwo ifungika ”!!
Undi ukurikirana iki kiganiro, asanga ubuyobozi busa n’ubwananiwe gukemura iki kibazo. Ati “inzego zaratsinzwe, si ubwa mbere ni ubwa kenshi. Niba inzira zose zarananiranye, ni intege nke mu miyoborere”. Uyu kandi ntiyishimiye imvugo y’umuyobozi nko “kumena mu iyarara, imbuto abantu barya, umuntu yaranguye, z’abantu basorera igihugu, kandi no mu mujyi hari abana barwaye barangwaho imirire mibi”.
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Uyu kandi yemera akamaro k’abazunguzayi, nubwo atemera ko bakora mu buryo butari akajagari. Ngo bagereza ibicuruzwa mu biro, abatabonye umwanya, n’abiriwe mu rugo batabasha kujya ku isoko. Ngo kimwe nuko ntawajya ku isoko kugura pomme imwe. Yifuza ko babareka bagakorera mu muhanda ariko bakore ku buryo buzwi.
Abakurikira ikiganiro Biravugwa, bavuga ko abazunguzayi batigeze banga kujya mu masoko bubakiwe. Ahubwo ngo abo bari baranditse kuyajyamo batabonyemo imyanya, ngo hibereyemo abagore b’abakozi nka DASSO, abayobozi mu nzego z’ibanze, abanyerondo n’inkeragutabara.
Ingaruka zo guca abazunguzayi ni nyinshi nk’uko bisobanurwa n’umwe mu bahoze muri ubu bucuruzi. Avuga ko nibuhagarara ababukoraga bazaba abajura cyangwa indaya.
Akomeza kandi avuga ko ibi byose biterwa n’icyuho kiri hagati y’abakire n’abakene, ngo abafata imyanzuro bahera ku bushobozi bw’abakomeye batitaye ku bafite ubushobozi buke, cyane ko ngo mu masoko imbere ibintu bihenda kurusha hanze.
Kuzunguza si akajagari, muri Singapure begukana ibihembo
Ubu bucuruzi bukorwa henshi, ariko usanga hari gahunda buhabwa n’ubuyobozi ngo hirindwe akajagari. Haba mu Buhinde, Senegal, Cote d’Ivoire, Burkina Fasso, Benin n’ahandi. Aha hose nta kuzunguruka, bagenda bashyira imitaka mu mujyi rwagati, irimo ibintu runaka(imbuto, imigati, inkweto, …) ariko bitavanze. Bivuga ko bacururiza mu muhanda, ariko mu buryo buzwi, bitari akajagari.
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Muri Singapure, umutetsi wo mu muhanda niwe wegukanye igikombe Michelin Star 2016. Ku isi yose, buri mwaka, ikigo Michelin Star cyemeza ubwiza n’ubuziranenge bw’ibiryo n’ababitanga. Ku myaka 57 uyu muzunguzayi w’ibiryo, Chan Hon Meng yaramenyekanye cyane. Akora amasaha 17 ku munsi, agurisha inkoko hagati y’ 150 na 180, ariko we ababazwa no kuba atabasha guhaza abakiriya be.
Uwayisaba Eulade yemera uru rugero rwa Singapure, u Rwanda rushaka gufatiraho icyitegererezo ko ho abazunguzayi bakora akazi kabo! Ati “none twabigiraho uburyo dutera imbere ariko twebwe umuturage wacu ntakore nk’uwaho”?
Uruhare rw’ubuzunguzayi ku bukungu bw’isi
Urubuga WIEGO(Women Informal Employment: Globalizing and Organizing), rufite intego igira ati “ Empowering Informal Workers, Securing Informal Livelihoods: Gufasha abakozi baciriritse, niko gutekanya ubuzima bucirirtse.
Inkuru y’uru rubuga ivuga ko abazunguzayi bafite uruhare runini mu bukungu bw’imijyi. Ku isi yose, nta wakwirengagiza abazunguzayi, kuko bageza ku bantu ibyo bakeneye, bikiri bizima, ku giciro cyiza kandi ahahurirwa n’abantu benshi.
Mu bushakashatsi bwakozwe bwa IEMS( informal Economies Monitoring study), herekanwe uburyo 5 abazunguzayi bateza imbere aho batuye.Binjiriza ingo zabo, baha imiryango yabo ibiryo bizima, bakanarihira abana amashuri
Ihuriro ryabo n’abakora ibiteganywa(formal sector), ni uko ibyo bacuruza babirangura n’abacuruzi bemewe, kandi benshi mu babagana ni abakora akazi kemewe.
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Abazunguzayi bita ku isuku y’imihanda n’umutekano w’abakiriya babo, kandi babakira neza
Abazunguzayi bahanga imirimo, itari iyabo gusa, ahubwo baha akazi abikorezi, abarinzi, abanyamodoka, abafite ububiko n’abandi
Benshi binjiza imisoro mu mijyi yabo, bishyura imisoro n’amahoro ndetse n’amande(2/3 by’ababajijwe barabyemeje).
Abazunguzayi ni abantu bafatiye runini imijyi yabo, bakagira uruhare mu mirimo iciritse idashingiye ku buhinzi(informal non-agricultural employments). Dore uko binjiriza imijyi yabo: Lome/Togo: 24%, Cotonou/Benin: 19%, na Dakar/Senegal: 13%. Hanoi/Vietnam: 11%, na Lima/Peru ni 9%. India: 11%, Africa y’epfo: 15%.
Kuba abazunguzayi bo mu Rwanda biganjemo abagore si umwihariko wacu, kuko no mu bindi bihugu nibo benshi. Muri Ghana 88% bazunguza ni abagore, Africa y’epfo ni 68%, Kenya ni 63 %.
Kanda hano ujye ubona amakuru yihuse kandi kugihe kuri Facebook no kuri twitter
Karegeya Jean Baptiste/Bwiza.com
