Imyaka yari imaze kwihirika ari 3 intambara za M23 zihagaze, muri iyi minsi imirwano ikaba yongeye kuburwa ku butaka bwa Congo. Ibitekerezo by’abanyapolitiki, bagaruka ku Rwanda na Uganda, ko ibi bihugu uko ari bibiri birebwa n’iki kibazo cya M23 hamwe na Leta ya Kabila ndetse bikazanaza mu kugishakira umuti.
Mu kiganiro kirambuye radiyo 10 yagiranye n’umudepite, Jean Bosco Sebishyimbo wo muri Kivu y’Amajyaruguru (RDC), ku bwe ahamya ko Leta ya Congo yakagombye kurangiza gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo yasezeranye na M23, hirindwa intambara no kumena amaraso.
Ati: “Njyewe imvugo yanjye, nshyize imbere amahoro, amahoro kuyashaka buri we atera intambwe kugirango amahoro aboneke, nk’abahagarariye abaturage ni uko bikwiye ko M23 yashyikirana na Congo, ayo masezerano mpuzamahanga nibayashyire mu bikorwa”.
Leta ya Congo ntabwo yubahirije ibyo yari yavuganye na M23, Sebishyimbo akavuga ko uku kongera kugaba ibitero kwayo kwaba ari nko kongera kwibutsa Leta ko hari umwenda ibarimo.
Ati: “Ndakeka ari biriya bintu by’amasezerano bashobora kuba baragiranye nayo [Leta ya Congo], ko Leta yaba yaragize intege nkeya zo kubishyira mu bikorwa, bakaba bashaka kwibutsa Leta ko yasinyanye amasezerano nayo, uko niko tubibona….mbese intambara zimaze kutumaraho abantu, cyane cyane nta muntu wifuza ko M23 yongera kubyutsa, natwe dushyigikiye ko ibyo bumvikanye, ni ngombwa ko bishyirwa mu bikorwa”.
U Rwanda ruraza muri iki kibazo cya M23 na Congo:
Kugeza magingo aya muri Congo hari inyeshyamba za FDLR zikomoka mu Rwanda, mu masezerano M23 yagiranye na Leta ya Kabila hari harimo no kubanza guhashya imitwe nka FDLR n’indi nyeshyamba, impunzi z’abakongomani ziri mu Rwanda zikabona gutaha zisanga hatekanye.
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Ubwo umunyamakuru yabazaga Sebishyimbo bimwe mu byo M23 yumvikanye na Leta ya Congo, yamusubije agira ati: “Hari byinshi ntabwo nabirangiza vuba mu mutwe, ariko muri byo ni uko Leta yakagombye gucyura bariya barwanyi ba M23 ndetse hari n’ikintu nyamukuru cyo kuvuga iti, hari ababyeyi benshi bavuye muri Masisi n’abandi bavuye muri Rutshuru bahungira mu Rwanda, aba bose M23 ikaba yarasabaga ko bashobora gutaha.
Bagataha bakaza muri Masisi, ibyo byose bagasaba ko Leta yakumvikana na HCR ikavugana n’u Rwanda kugirango abo bantu be guhora hanze y’igihugu”.
Uyu mudepite kandi anagaruka ku kibazo cya FDLR, ati: “Harimo n’icyo kuvuga ngo izo mpunzi zibashe gutaha…. Harino n’icyo kwibaza ngo ese kuki Leta itashyiramo imbaraga ngo ihashye uriya mutwe wa FDLR, ubwo ni mu duce twa Masisi, Walekale na Rutshuru, ndetse n’indi bwitwe ya Mayi Mayi, kugirango izo mpunzi nizizahunguka zizatuzwe mu karere katagira intambara. Ni ibintu byinshi M23 yasabaga ariko iby’ingenzi bikaba ari ibyo ngibyo”.
Uganda nayo iragarukwaho cyane
Muri izi ntangiro za 2017, nibwo byatangajwe ko Gen Makenga, umuyobozi wa M23 yatorotse aho yari ari mu nkambi muri Uganda hamwe n’abandi basirikare, bigatangazwa ko banagabye ibitero muri Congo. Ibi Congo iranyemera na Uganda.
Kasimu Kayira, umunyamakuru muri Uganda, abajijwe niba koko Gen Sultani Makenga yarambutse umupaka, arasubiza agira ati: “ibyo kwemeza ko bambutse umupaka birashoboka kuko ubwo Guverineri Paluku aheruka kuvuga hari abo bari bamaze gufata ndetse anerekana intwaro muri Goma, hano rero aho bari batuye i Bihanga ni ahantu harinzwe cyane, tumaze kujyayo nka 3 tugiye kureba uko haba hifashe, ni ahantu harinzwe hari umutekano, kuhasohoka biragoye, ntabwo M23 ari impunzi bari bashyizwe ahantu nk’abasirikare ariko bararindwa cyane.
Igisekeje ni uko Leta ya Uganda yari yabanje kubihakana ivuga ko bidashoboka ko abo bantu ari aba M23 bambutse umupaka, ariko nyuma umuvugizi wa Uganda, Opondo aza kwemeza ko bafashwe bajya muri Congo ariko baza gufatwa bataragera ku mupaka. Niba baratorotse, rero birashoboka ko hari ababashije gutoroka bakambuka,…
Nk’umunyamakuru wagiye akurikirana ibya M23 aho icumbikiwe muri Uganda, yabajije niba ari abantu koko bafite intwaro biteguye urugamba, yasubije agira ati: “iby’intwaro nakubwiye ko intwaro zafatiwe muri Congo, izo Guverineri Paluku yerekanye ku mugaragaro avuga ko ari intwaro babafatanye bariya babashije kubanza kwinjira ariko abafashwe nta by’intwaro bivugwa.
Niba ari abarwanyi bivuze ko bafite intwaro, imbunda abenshi barazihise, uribuka ko bambutse umupaka bazifite, bari 1000 magana 700 nibo bafashwe bajyanwa ahitwa i Bihanga bacungirwa umutekano wabo, izo ntwaro rero hari abagiye bazihisha hamwe na hamwe, niba ari abantu rero bari bamaze igihe bapanga birashoboka ko bari kugenda bakazikura aho bazihishe.
Kimwe nuko bashobora kuzigura kuko haracyari imitwe yitwaje intwaro, Mayi Mayi barahari, ADF y’barwanyi ba Uganda ariko bari muri Congo cyane cyane mu gace ka Beni, intwaro ntabwo ari ikintu cyaba gitangaje cyane”.
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Biratangaje kandi binateye urujijo kumva ko abarwanyi bagera ku 1000 batorotse inkambi bakava muri Uganda bakarinda bambuka umupaka Leta ya Uganda ikavuga ko itabizi, umunyamakuru ati: ”ese ibyo bintu birashoboka”?
Kasimu ati: “Ni nacyo kibazo benshi babaza ariko njye navugaga ku ruhande Leta yasobanuye, ivuga ko babashaga kwidegembya, ikindi kandi ntabwo ari impunzi ngo hari inkambi barimo barindiwe umutekano inkambi izengurutswe, ntabwo ari abantu bafashwe ngo bacungirwe umutekano, icyo twakwibaza nyamukuru, ni mpamvu ki bafashe umwanzuro wo gutaha, hari ikintu cyo gutegereza cyane, bakagombye kuba barafashijwe bagataha bagasubizwa mu buzima busanzwe, hari abatari bafite ibyaha bagasubizwa mu gisirikare.
Urumva hari hashize imyaka 3 igeze muri 4, bamaze kurambirwa, bari abantu bari active bafite ibyo barwanira”.
Akomeza avuga ko bishoboka ko M23 yabonye hamaze iminsi Leta isinyana amasezerano n’amashyaka atavuga rumwe nayo n’amatora akigizwa inyuma, bityo nayo ikaba yongeye kugaba ibitero igirango igaragaze ko nayo yirengagijwe kandi ihari.
Mu myaka 2012/2013 ubwo intambara za M23 zavuzaga ubuhuha ku butaka bwa Congo, u Rwanda na Uganda byagiye bitungwa agatoki ko biri inyuma uyu mutwe. Habuze gihamya ibyemeza bifatwa nk’inkuru z’ibihuha.
Bosco Sebishyimbo avuga ko ibi byavugwaga bitigeze binahungabanya umubano w’ibihugu byombi [Rwanda RDC, Uganda RDC],
Ati: “Umubano wacu warakomeje kuko murabizi ko ba ambasaderi bose bakomeje bagakora, ako gatotsi ka M23 ntabwo kashwanyije ibihugu, ibihugu byombi bifite inyungu bisangiye, ….ni ibihugu by’ibituranyi, ni ibihugu bigomba kubana bishingiye ku nyungu. Muribuka ko na Uganda yagize uruhare mu guhuza M23 na Leta ya Congo ndetse na nyuma yaho Perezida Kabila yasuye ibi bihugu Uganda n’u Rwanda”.
Nyuma yo gushyirwa intwaro hasi kwa M23 mu mpera za 2013, abarwanyi bamwe bahungiye mu Rwanda abandi bahungira muri Uganda, aba barwanyi bakaba bahora bakubita agatoki ku kandi ko mu gihe Leta izaba itashyize mu bikorwa ibyo basezeranye n’ubundi batazatuma iryama ngo isinzire.
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Itangishatse Théoneste/Bwiza.com
