Ni kenshi twagiye twandika inkuru zijyanye na za operasiyo karundura za gisirikare zagiye zibera ahantu hatandukanye ku isi ya Rurema.
Nushaka uyite Operation Babylon cyangwa Operation Opera, yombi ni amazina iki gitero cy’indege z’intambara za Israel [ Israel Air Force ] zagabye ku birindiro by’Ingabo za Irak ahubakwaga uruganda rwa nikereyeri rw’igihugu cya Irak ku ngoma ya Saddam Hussein .
Muri iyi nkuru nukurikira neza urasangamo bimwe by’ingenzi bikurikira:
(A) Uburyo muri dipolomasi nta ncuti cyangwa umwanzi bihoraho biterwa n’inyungu iba igamijwe n’impande zombi zihuriye ku ngingo cyangwa ikibazo runaka.
Ntushobora kumva ukuntu Mossad bya Biro by’Ubutasi bya Israel hamwe na Serivisi z’Ubutasi za Iran byafatanije urugamba kuri Irak kandi ibi bihugu ubwabyo ubusanzwe bihora birebana ay’ingwe nk’injangwe n’imbeba!
(B) Ikindi kintu gitangaje uri busangemo ni ukuntu udashobora kumva ukuntu Israel itigeze na rimwe yizera amakuru yahabwaga na France ari nayo yari ikuriye itsinda ryubakaga uruganda rutunganya ubutare bwa Uranium buvamo ibitwaro bya kirimbuzi muri Irak.
Bisobanuye ko kuri Israel yabonaga ko France igendeye ku nyungu z’amafaranga yakuraga muri uwo mushinga icyo gihe hariho kureba ku nyungu zayo [ France ] mbere yuko iki gihugu cyahangayikwa n’umutekano wa Israel !
(C)Israel ntiyigeze itinda ku ntera yari kure y’ahagombaga gusenywa muri Irak hatitawe ku kuba kandi ibi bihugu bitaranahanaga imbibi ku butaka habe no mu mazi byumvikane ko indege za Israel byazisabaga kunyura mu kirere cy’ibindi bihugu kandi nabyo by’abanzi bayo ku ntera yareshyaga na 1.600 Km !
Ntabwo iyi ari operation yari yoroshye na mba! Kurikira inkuru …
1.Intandaro nyirizina y’ikibazo cyari hagati ya Israel na Irak cyatumye habaho gutana mu mitwe kw’ibi bihugu byombi
Mu itangiriro Leta ya Yerusalemu yagize umujinya yatewe n’amazesezaro Ubufaransa bwagiranye n’igihugu cya Irak y’uko Ubufaransa bwagombaga kubaka uruganda rucura intwaro za atomiki i Osirak mu nkengero za Bagdad [ Umurwa mukuru wa Irak ].
[xyz-ihs snippet=”google-pub”]
Uru ruganda kandi rukaba rwari gutunganya ubutare bwa Plutonium ndetse na Uranium byashoboraga kuba byavamo ibitwaro bya kirimbuzi.
Abisraeli mu muco wabo wa giheburayo wo kutizera n’igicucu cya nyiracyo ntibarebye ku by’umubano n’ubucuti bukomeye wari hagati y’Ubufaransa n’igihugu cyabo ahubwo iki gihugu cya Israel cyahisemo kubaho mu rwikekwe ruhambaye rw’uko [ ntawamenya ] Ubufaransa bwashoboraga kwita kuri Kontaro y’Amadolari y’Amerika Miliyoni 300 $ Perezida Saddam Hussein wa Irak yari yagiranye nabwo .
Iyi kontaro itari yoroshye ikaba yarashoboraga gutera Ubufaransa kuba bwari kwemera kubakira Irak sisiteme y’icurwa ry’ibitwaro bya kirimbuzi maze Israel ikaba yakwisanga Irak yayisibanganije ku ikarita y’isi !
Uwari Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Israel muri icyo gihe, Bwana Menachem Begin hamwe na Minisitiri we w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga Moshe Dayan ntako batagize ngo batakambire Ubufaransa bwari buyobowe na Bwana Valéry Giscard d’Estaing icyo gihe ndetse na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika n’igihugu cy’Ubutaliyani, ngo uyu mugambi wa Irak uhagarare ariko biba iby’ubusa.
Ni urugamba rwa dipolomasi rwari rurimbanije ahagana muri 1974-1977 ariko byaranze biba iby’ubusa Ubufaransa bukomeza gutanga umusanzu wayo wo kubaka uru ruganda rwari ruhangayikishije Leta ya Yerusalemu .
2.Ibya Dipolomasi byanze, Israel yatangiye sabotage n’imyiteguro y’intambara ikaze
Ubusanzwe Leta ya Paris yari yemeye gutanga impuguke mu kabaka inganda za Nikereyeri ndetse no gutanga kilogarama mirongwirindwi n’ebyiri [ 72 kgs ] z’ubutare bwa Uranium itunganijwe ku rugero rwa 93% kugirango bijye byifashishwa mu guhugura abanyeshuri n’abakozi b’abanya Irak bagombaga kuzasigara bacunga uru ruganda nyuma yo kubakwa.
Ubutaliyani bwo bwari gutanga inkunga yo kubaka ibyuma kabuhariwe mu kuburira abantu ibyo tuzi ku izina ry’intabaza yagombaga kujya byifashishwa mu gihe uru ruganda rwagombaga kuba rwahura n’ikibazo tekiniki kugirango abarwegereye babe bakwirukira mu bwihisho.
Tubibutse ko iyo Uranium yari itunganijwe ku rwego rwa 93% yateye amakenga igihugu cya Israel kitigeze na rimwe kita ku biro bike byiyo Uranium ahubwo hakabaho kwibaza niba bitari uburyo bwo kijijisha kugirango Ubufaransa bujye bugenda bwongera ubwo butare bwa Uranium amaherezo bukazavamo bombe ya kirimbuzi ya Irak.
Ubusanzwe abahanga mu by’ubucuzi bw’intwaro za kirimbuzi bavuga ko biba bihagije ko igihugu kigira Uranium itunganijwe hejuru ya 25% hafi aho kugirango kibe cyakora igisasu cya kirimbuzi ariko namwe murebe ko Saddam Hussein yari yatumije ikubyeho incuro 4 mu Ubufaransa !
Site ya Osirak nyuma yaje kandi guhabwa akazina k’akabyiniriro ka Tammuz 1 na Tammuz 2 kuko iyi site yari ifite ibikono 2 [ Reactors ] ari nabyo ubu butare bwa Uranium bwari gutunganirizwagamo.
Ibi rero bya Irak kwizera ko Israel ntacyo izayikoraho byatumye Mossad bya Biro by’ubutasi bya Israel bitangira ibikorwa byo gukoma mu nkokora uyu mushinga.
Dufate urugero ku wa 14 Kanama 1980 Serivisi z’Ubutasi za Israel Mossad zishe umugabo w’umunya Misiri witwaga Yahya El Mashad wari inzobere mu byo gucura bene ibyo bitwaro, bamuhotorera muri imwe muri Hotel zo mu mujyi wa Paris mu Ubufaransa yari acumbitsemo.
Uyu mugabo kandi ninawe wari umaze guhabwa kuyobora iyi progaramu ya Irak yo gucura byimazeyo ibitwaro bya kirimbuzi uwo baba bamucishijeho!
Intasi za Israel kandi zitambitse ubwato bwari butwaye ibikoresho byo kubaka reactors zari kwifashishwa muri ubwo bucuzi bw’intwaro za Irak bubivana i Seyne-Sur-Mer mu Bufaransa kugirango uyu mushinga utazapfa ushyizwe mu bikorwa.
Nubwo ariko Israel yakoraga ibyo byose nta gihugu na kimwe kindi cyari kigeze kivuga ko uwo mugambi ari uwo gusenya Israel ndetse n’umuryango ushinzwe kurwanya icurwa n’ikwiragizwa ry’intwaro za kirimbuzi IAEA [ International Atomic Energy Agency ] Irak yari ibereye umunyamuryango, yateraga utwatsi Israel.
Abadipolomate ariko bamwe ntibabivugagaho rumwe kuko nk’umwe mu bari barigeze kuba mu bakurikiranira ibintu hafi mu by’intwaro atomiki, Bwana Roger Richter yashinjaga Akanama ka Sena ya Amerika gashinzwe ububanyi n’amahanga [ US Senate Foreign Relations Committee ] uburangare mu kwituramira kandi Irak yarashoboraga kubanyura mu rihumye igakora akantu.
Uwari umuyobozi wa IAEA, Bwana Sivgard Eklund amusubiza ko ntawamuhaye akazi ko kwigira umugenzuzi w’intwaro za kirimbuzi mu karere k’Uburasirazuba bwo hagati ko rero [ Roger Richter ] yacisha make akagabanya amagambo.
Roger Richter ariko yahise yunganirwa n’undi muhanga mu bya Atomiki witwaga Anthony Fainberg wo mu Kigo The Brookhaven National Laboratory , ko nubwo IAEA yivugisha ibyo byose yitoraguza utunyoni bishoboka ko uyu mugambi wo kubaka iyi Site nikereyeri byashobokaga ko byaba bihishe andi mayeri yo mu ibanga yo gucura ibisasu bya karahabutaka abantu bakaba batarimo kubitahura.
3.Yitzhak Rabin na Menachem Begin abategetsi ba Israel bari bararahiriye kuzatwika Site nikereyeri ya Osirak
Uhereye ahagana mu 1974-1977 hari ku ngoma ya Minisitiri w’Intebe Yitzhak Rabin waje gusimubwa na Menachem Begin ku ntebe mu 1977 imyiteguro y’uru rugamba yari yose.
Kuva ubwo Yitzahak Rabin yategetse serivisi z’ubutasi za Israel Mossad kubaka no kwigana neza neza Plan ya site Irak ku bufatanye n’Ubufaransa bari kubaka muri Irak.
Hari ahantu hagombaga kubera imyitozo ikaze y’ingabo zirwanira mu kirere za Israel zaba iz’abaparakomando ndetse n’abapilote bagombaga kuzajya kurasa no gusenya iki kigo muri Irak, ndetse n’abakomanda bagombaga kuzayobora iyi operation itari yoroshye…
Ni ibintu bitari byoroshye cyane kuko kuva ku butaka bwa Israel byasabaga kubanza kuguruka mu kirere cya Yorodaniya na Saudi Arabia ,izi kandi zikaba zari Leta z’Abarabu zitacanaga uwaka na Israel ,aho ibitero byo mu kirere byagomgaba kuvogera ikirere cy’ibi bihugu bikagera kure hashoboka muri Irak!
Ni Operaton yari irimo imibare myinshi mu buryo bukurikira:
˃ Indege z’Intambara za Israel zagombaga kwitwaza izindi zizitwaje amavuta kugirango zize kujya zizinywesha mu kirere amavuta azishiranye cyangwa se bakazirikaho za rozerevuwari zo ku ruhande.
˃Israel yagombaga gutwara amatsinda 2 y’ndege z’intambara !
Itsinda rya mbere ryari iryo kujya gusenya cya kigo twavuze muri Irak.
Irinsi tsinda ry’indege z’intambara ryagombaga kuba rishinzwe kurinda izi ndege zigabye igitero rikaba ryarasa ritababariye uri buzitambike wese .
Muri make ni ukuvuga ngo iyo Saudi Arabia ibizana yagombaga kuraswa nta kuzuyaza kimwe nuko Yorodaniya nayo iyo yibeshya yari guhinduka umuyonga.
[xyz-ihs snippet=”google-pub”]
Ingabo za Irak kandi nazo zashoboraga kwirwanaho indege za Israel zitaragera ku ntego yazo, ibi rero ntibyagombaga gutesha inzira za ndege z’intambara zahawe misiyo yo kujya gusenya site Nikereyeri ya Osirak na mba kuko zagombaga gukomeza mpaka zishoje icyazizanye izindi zigasigara zihanganye n’umwanzi wundi wakwitambika.
Mu yandi magambo gutegura iki gitero byasabaga kwitegura kurwana n’ibihugu birenga 3 icyarimwe kandi hakoreshejwe indege z’intambara gusa.
Imyiteguro iba irarimbanije ndetse bivugwa ko yanagwagamo imbaga yabaga yitoza kurasa no gusenya hahantu hari harateganirijwe kwitoreza kurasa.
- Bwa mbere mu mateka ibihugu bikeba bya Israel na Iran byarwanirije umwanzi hamwe
Mu ntangiro y’inkuru hagaragara iby’uko muri dipolomasi nta mwanzi cyangwa incuti yo kwizerwa mu buryo buhoraho, mugirango ahari ni amakabyankuru!
Ubwo Israel yari irimbanije imyitozo isa n’iyari ku isiri na Iran kuko iki gihugu nacyo cyasaga n’igihora kirikanuye kikanga ko Irak iramutse itunze igisasu kirimbuzi yahita iyisiba ku isi kuko byari binari mu ntambara ikaze.
Kuva ubwo indege kabuhariwe z’intambara F-4 Phantoms zo mu ngabo zirwanira mu kirere za Iran zahise zigaba igitero kuri cya kigo cyarimo kubakwa na Irak ku bufatanye n’Ubufaransa.
Hari kuwa 30 Nzeri 1980 ubwo izi ndege za Iran zagurukaga zigatwika hafi 1/3 cy’inyubako za cya Kigo cya Osirak ariko zigahusha zikibanda mu kurasa ainzu zisanzwe zidafite aho zihuriye n’ahacurirwaga hakanatunganirizwa ubutare bwa Uranium.
Iyi Operasiyo y’Ingabo za Iran yiswe Operation Scorch Sword yasize ibaye nk’itinyuye Israel yatinyaga ko igihe izarasa Irak bishobora kuzasiga itarebana irihumye na Misiri kandi Misiri yari irimbanije mu buhuza ku kibazo cya Palestine na Israel.
Yoshua Saguy wari ukuriya Mossad icyo gihe nawe yemeje ibyicyo gitero cya Iran ariko asa nuvuga ko kitazabuza Israel kugaba ikindi kuko iki cya Iran cyasaga n’ikitagize icyo kigeraho neza.
Aha ni naho umwanditsi Titra Parsi yahereye yandika igitabo yise “ The Treacherous Alliance : The Secret Dealings of Israel , Iran and the United States” ugenekereje mu Kinyarwanda ni nko kuvuga ngo “Ubufatanye bw’ukwihomanaho : Amabanga y’ugukorera hamwe kwa Israel , Iran na Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ”!
Aya mabanga akaba yarashyiriweho umukono mu mujyi wa Paris ukwezi kumwe mbere ya Operation Opera iba mu ruzinduko Umuyobozi w’Ikirenga wa Iran w’icyo gihe Ayatollah Khomeini yari yagiriye i Paris mu Ubufaransa .
Muri icyo gihe nibwo indege zo mu bwoko bwa F-16 AS na F-15 As zo mu ngabo za Israel n’abapilote bazo bari bamaze gusoza imyitozo yose no kwitegura intambara bihagije.
Ariel Sharon wari mu Kanama gashinzwe umutekano muri Israel hamwe na Moshe Dayan wari Minisitiri w’Ingabo wa Israel ndetse na Ezer Weizman wari wungirije Minisitiri w’Intebe babanje kwanga uyu mugambi wo kugaba igitero kuri Irak .
Minisitiri w’Intebe Menachem Begin ariko abicisha amayeri abwira aba bagabo ko mu gihe Israel yatinda kujya gusenya uru ruganda rucura intwaro rwa Irak, byazatuma Israel ibikora impitagihe.
Yabwiye akanama k’umutekano ka Israel ko mu gihe uru ruganda rwasenywa rwaramaze gukora byatuma umujyi wa Baghdad wose wuzura ubumara bw’uburozi bikazabera Israel icyaha karundura mu ruhando mpuzamahanga ko yarashe uruganda bikaviramo ikiremwamuntu guhumana maze bikaba byabashora mu rubanza batazakira .
Mossad ubwo yahise itanga amakuru ko guhera muri Kamena 1981 uruganda rwa Osirak muri Irak ruzatangira gukora ku mugaragaro .
Guhera ubwo icyogajuru cya Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika KH-11 KENNAN Satellite cyahawe misiyo yo kujya gufotora site ya Osirak .
Amafoto cyazanye niyo yifashishijwe maze mu Kanama k’Umutekano ka Israel bituma haba amatora yihutirwa,kuko yagaragazaga ko imirimo yuko rutangira iri ku musozo .
Mu Nteko y’abantu 10, batandatu bemeje ko Operasiyo Opera itangira ariko Moshe Dayan yari yayisibyemo nubwo kuhaba kwe ntacyo byari guhindura kigaragara.
4.1-Indege z’intambara z’ubutasi za Iran zahaye Israel amakuru
Indege za Iran zo mu bwoko bwa F-4 Phantoms kandi zafashe amafoto ziyaha Israel aya mafoto akaba ari nayo yifashishijwe muri iyi ntambara kuko aya Satellite yasaga natabona neza cyane.
Aha ninaho ubufatanye bwa Iran,Amerika na Israel bwavuzwe bwigaragaje bidasanzwe.
Ku munsi w’intambara ,Ingabo za Iran zahugiye mu guhangana n’iza Irak ziyobya uburari iza Irak ,maze Irak ntiyavumbura ko indege za Israel zatangiye ubutasi mu kirere cyazo kuko indege za Israel ndetse zari ziteye amarangi imbere asa nay’Ingabo za Iran !
Israel yakoresheje amayeri yo kuvogera ikirere cya Saudi Arabia kubera ko muri iki cyerekezo nta Radars za Irak yahabaga ku mpamvu yuko nta mwanzi Irak yakekaga ko yaturuka muri Saudi Arabia.
Indege z’ubutasi za Israel zagendaga zihunahuna aho Radars za Irak zishinze maze zisanga aka karere ntabwo karinzwe na za Radars na mba.
Nguko uko indege 1 rukumbi ya Irak yo mu bwoko bwa Mig-21 yari imaze kuvumbura iki gitero yahise iburabuzwa umupilote wayo agotwa n’indege za Israel asabwa kuyita akamanukira mu mutaka bitaba ibyo bakayisandaza,kuva ubwo akiza amagara ye arisimbukira mu mutaka .
Ubutasi bwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika bwaburiye Israel ko hari indege za Irak zamaze gusandazwa n’ibitero bya Iran ko ariko ititonze yahura n’iyacitse ku icumu zikayibushabusha!
Ibi nibyo byaje kuba kuko indege Tu-22 Blinder hamwe na Tu-16 Blinder Badger Strategic Bombers za Irak koko zashatse kwihagararaho muri icyo gitero nubwo Iran yari yahakoze akantu ariko biba iby’ubusa.
Ku itariki ya 07 Kamena 1981 nibwo indege z’intambara za Israel zahagurutse mu Kigo cy’Ingabo zirwanira mu Kirere cya Israel kitwa Etzion Airbase zogoga ikirere cya Yorodania na Arabia Saudite zijijisha Radars za Irak mu guturuka mu cyerekezo kitakekwagamo umwanzi .
[xyz-ihs snippet=”google-pub”]
Izi ndege zageze mu kirere cya Saudi Arabia zakoresheje amaradio yo gutumanaho mu buryo bukoreshwa na Yorodania Saudi Arabia ikagirango ni ubukubaganyi bw’Ingabo za Yorodania zayobye ntiyabitindaho.
Ubwo izi ndege zagurukaga ariko zaciye hafi y’icyambu cya Al Aqba hafi aho harimo haruhukira umwami Hussein wa Yorodania wahise agira amakenga yuko Irak itewe ahita ashaka kuburira Guverinoma ya Irak ko itewe kumbe Israel yari yishe itumanaho ryose rya Yorodania .
Saa 18:35 ubwo hari 14:35 GMT indege za Israel zasatiriye ikigo cya Osirak muri Irak maze zitangira gusuka ibisasu byo mu bwoko bwa Mark 84 buri ma segonda 5 maze uruganda ruhinduka umuyonga.
Muri iki gitero cyamaze iminota 2 gusa nkuko uwari Komanda wacyo Bwana Ze’ev yabitangaje ngo nticyasize n’ibuye na rimwe kuri uru ruganda,kuko barutwitse rugakongoka uko rwakabaye .
Izi ndege z’Ingabo za Israel ngo zikimara gusenya iki Kigo cya Osirak hafi na Bagdad zahise zitumbagira ahantu kure Ingabo za Irak ziyoberwa aho zizimiriye niko guhita zisubirira iwabo muri Israel.
“Ze’ez Raz waruyoboye iki gitero nkuko tubikesha urubuga Wikipédia dukesha iyi nkuru yatangaje ko ngo mu gihe Ingabo za Israel zamanuraga ibisasu karahabutaka ku ruganda rwa Osirak ngo abapilote bari bafite amabwiriza yo guhanahana amagambo ku maradio yabo baganiriragaho yanditse muri Bibliya Yera aherereye mu Gitabo cya Yosuwa ibice 10 umurongo wa 12 “ Yoshua 10:12.
Aya magambo agira ati : Umunsi Uwiteka yagabishijeho Abisirayeli Abamori ,Yosuwa ababwira Uwiteka imbere y’Abisirayeli ati “Zuba ,hagarara kuri Gibeyoni , nawe kwezi ,hagarara mu gikombe cyo kuri Ayaloni”.
Nguko uko urugamba rwa Osirak muri Operasiyo Opera rwagenze mu ncamake.
Ni urugamba rurimo guhara amagara no guharanira kubaho n’ubudatsimburwa bwa Israel n’Ingabo zayo Tsahal ndetse n’ubuhangange bwa Mossad yahuzaga ibikorwa muri Operasiyo Opera.
Kanda hano ujye ubona amakuru yihuse kandi kugihe kuri Facebook no kuri twitter
Eugene David Marshall/Bwiza.com
