Bwaki ni indwara iterwa n’imirire mibi, aho umubiri utabona intungamubiri zihagije kugira ngo ukure kandi ukore neza. Ikunze kwibasira abana bato, cyane cyane abadafata indyo yuzuye cyangwa ababa mu miryango ifite ikibazo cyo kubona ibiribwa bihagije.
Iyi ndwara ishobora kugira ingaruka zikomeye ku mikurire y’umwana, ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri n’ubuzima bwe muri rusange. Iyo itavuwe hakiri kare, ishobora no gushyira ubuzima bw’umwana mu kaga.
Ubwoko bubiri bwa bwaki
Bwaki ikunze gusobanurwa mu moko abiri y’ingenzi: bwaki yumisha, izwi nka marasme, na bwaki ibyimbisha, izwi nka kwashiorkor.
1. Bwaki yumisha (Marasme)
Iyi bwaki irangwa no kubura ingufu n’intungamubiri zihagije mu mubiri.
Iyi ndwara iterwa no kubura ibiribwa n’intungamubiri zihagije mu gihe runaka. Umwana uyirwaye ashobora gutakaza ibiro cyane, intege zikagabanuka, ndetse n’imikurire ye ikadindira.
Ibimenyetso bishobora kugaragara ni ibi:
- Gutakaza ibiro bikabije.
- Kugira umubiri unanutse cyane.
- Kudakura uko bikwiye.
- Kugira intege nke no guhorana umunaniro.
- Guhitwa kenshi.
- Guhorana inzara cyangwa kutagira ubushake bwo kurya.
2. Bwaki ibyimbisha (Kwashiorkor)
Iyi bwaki ishobora gutuma amazi yireka mu mubiri, cyane cyane mu birenge no mu maguru.
Bwaki ibyimbisha ifitanye isano n’imirire mibi ikomeye, aho umubiri ubura intungamubiri zitandukanye. Ishobora gutuma umwana abyimba ibirenge, amaguru cyangwa mu maso.
Ibimenyetso byayo bishobora kuba:
- Kubyimba ibirenge n’amaguru.
- Kugira inda ibyimbye.
- Guhinduka kw’ibara cyangwa imiterere y’umusatsi.
- Kugira uruhu rwumagara, rusaduka cyangwa rufite ibisebe.
- Kugira intege nke no kudakura neza.
- Kugabanyuka k’ubudahangarwa bw’umubiri.
- Guhitwa no kutagira ubushake bwo kurya.
Ni ngombwa kumenya ko kubyimba k’umubiri bidahora biterwa na bwaki gusa. Umwana ufite iki kimenyetso agomba gusuzumwa n’umuganga.
Ni iki gitera bwaki?
Hari ibintu bitandukanye bishobora gutuma umwana arwara bwaki, birimo:
- Kutabona indyo yuzuye irimo ingufu, poroteyine, amavitamini n’imyunyungugu.
- Kubura ibiribwa bihagije mu rugo.
- Indwara zituma umubiri udashobora gukoresha neza intungamubiri cyangwa ugatakaza amazi n’intungamubiri, urugero nk’impiswi zikabije.
- Imikorere mibi y’imirire y’uruhinja n’umwana muto.
- Kubura amakuru ahagije ku gutegura indyo yuzuye.
Bwaki ntikwiye gufatwa nk’ikimenyetso cy’uburangare bw’ababyeyi gusa, kuko ishobora guterwa n’ubukene, indwara n’izindi mpamvu zitandukanye.
Uko wakwirinda bwaki
Kurinda umwana bwaki bisaba kwita ku mirire ye kuva akiri uruhinja kugeza akuze.
Dore ingamba z'ingenzi:
1. Gutegura indyo yuzuye: Umwana agomba kubona ibiribwa bitandukanye birimo ibinyampeke, ibijumba, ibishyimbo, amagi, imboga n’imbuto.
2. Kumuha poroteyine: Ibiribwa nk’amagi, amafi, inyama, amata, soya n’ibishyimbo bifasha mu mikurire no gusana uturemangingo tw’umubiri.
3. Kwita ku konsa: Amashereka ni ingenzi ku mwana. Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima (OMS) rirasaba konsa umwana gusa mu mezi atandatu ya mbere, hanyuma hagatangira kongerwamo ibindi biribwa byuzuye mu gihe konsa bikomeza kugeza ku myaka ibiri cyangwa irenga.
4. Kwivuza hakiri kare: Indwara nk’impiswi n’izindi zishobora gutuma umwana atabona cyangwa atakaza intungamubiri zigomba kuvurwa hakiri kare.
5. Gukurikiranira hafi imikurire y’umwana: Kujya kwa muganga kugira ngo bapime ibiro, uburebure n’uko umwana akura bifasha gutahura ikibazo hakiri kare.
Bwaki ivurwa ite?
Umwana ukekwaho kurwara bwaki agomba kujyanwa kwa muganga kugira ngo asuzumwe kandi ahabwe ubuvuzi bukwiye. Bwaki ikomeye ishobora gusaba kuvurirwa kwa muganga, gukurikiranwa hafi no guhabwa ibiribwa byabugenewe.
Icyitonderwa: Niba umwana abyimba ibirenge, ananutse cyane, adashobora kurya cyangwa afite intege nke zikabije, mujye kumuvuza byihutirwa.
Bwaki ni ikibazo cy’ubuzima gishobora kwirindwa no kuvurwa iyo gitahuwe hakiri kare. Indyo yuzuye, konsa neza, gukurikirana imikurire y’umwana no kwivuza hakiri kare ni intambwe zikomeye mu kurinda abana iyi ndwara.