Mu mihanda, mu bibuga by’indege no ku mipaka, ushobora kuba warabonye imbwa za Polisi zigenzura imizigo cyangwa zigakora umukwabu.
Bamwe bazita K-9, abandi bazita sniffer dogs, canine cyangwa Police Service Dogs cyangwa abapolisi b’amaguru ane.
Ariko inyuma y’aya mazina yose, hari inkuru yihariye y’ubuzima, imyitozo n’ubufatanye budasanzwe hagati y’izi mbwa n’abaziyobora.
Nubwo rimwe na rimwe ziteye ubwoba iyo ziri mu kazi, izi mbwa ni inyamwete, zifite ubwenge budasanzwe, kandi zitozwa gutahura ahari icyaha biciye mu kuhinukiriza mu buryo umuntu yakwibwira ko budashoboka.
Inkomoko y’ishami rya K-9 mu Rwanda
Ishami rya K-9 rya Polisi y’u Rwanda ryavutse mu mwaka wa 2000, nyuma gato y’ishingwa rya Polisi y’u Rwanda ku wa 16 Kamena 2000. Icyo gihe, igihugu cyari cyinjiye mu rugendo rwo kongera kubaka umutekano nyuma y’ingaruka za Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, hakaba hari hakenewe uburyo bushya bwo kurwanya ibyaha bwihuse kandi bwizewe.
Muri 2024 nk’uko byasobanuwe na Chief Superintendent of Police (CSP) Faustin Kalimba wari Umuyobozi w’ishami rya ziriya mbwa, iri shami ryatangiye rifite imbwa ebyiri gusa n’abapolisi batatu bazitozaga.
Yagize ati: “Urebye amateka y’igihugu n’icyo gihe cy’ishimgwa rya Polisi y’u Rwanda, byagaragaraga ko hakenewe uburyo bukomeye bwo gutahura ibyaha, cyane cyane ibiyobyabwenge n’ibisasu. Ni yo mpamvu ishami rya K-9 ryashyizweho.”
Ubu iri shami ryabaye brigade yuzuye, ifite ubushobozi bwo gukoresha imbwa zitandukanye zishobora gutahura ibiyobyabwenge n’ibisasu ku bibuga by’indege, ku mipaka no mu birori bikomeye byo ku rwego rw’igihugu.
CSP Kalimba yavuze ko “imbwa imwe ya K-9 ishobora gukora akazi kagera ku gatekerezwa nk’aka bapolisi bagera kuri 50 mu gihe gito cyane,” bikayigira igikoresho cy’ingenzi cyane mu mutekano.
Uko imbwa za K-9 zitozwa
Kwinjizwa mu muryango wa K-9 ntibiba ari ibintu byoroshye. Imbwa zose zinyura mu byiciro bitatu by’ingenzi.
Icyiciro cya mbere ni ugusuzuma ubushobozi bwazo, hagamijwe kumenya niba izakora mu gutahura ibiyobyabwenge cyangwa ibisasu.
Icyiciro cya kabiri ni imyitwarire (obedience training), aho zitozwa kumvira amategeko no kugenzura imyitwarire yazo kugira ngo zishobore gukorana neza n’abantu.
Icyiciro cya gatatu ni icy’ubufatanye n’umupolisi uzitoza. Aha ni ho havuka umubano ukomeye cyane hagati y’imbwa n’umuyobozi wayo.
CSP Kalimba abisobanura yagize ati: “Imbwa ya K9 imenya umuntu umwe gusa mu kazi kayo, ni we muyobozi wayo. Iyo adahari, ntishobora gukora neza. Ni umubano w’ubwizerane n’urukundo rutuma bakorana nk’umubiri umwe.”
Uko zitahura ibyaha
Mu kazi, imbwa ya K-9 iyo yatangiye kumva impumuro y’ikintu kitemewe, imyitwarire yayo irahinduka.
Yihutira kugishakisha, igakurikira aho impumuro ikomoka, kugeza igaragaje aho ikibazo kiri.
Chief Inspector of Police (CIP) Michael Twagiramungu, umwe mu batoza bazo, avuga ko iyo imbwa imaze gutahura ikintu, yegera aho kiri igahagarara cyangwa ikicara, igaragaza aho ikibazo kiri.
Aho ni ho akazi k’uyiyobora gatangirira, kuko ahita ayishimira kugira ngo imenye ko yakoze neza.
Igihembo n’imyitwarire
Mu buryo butangaje, imbwa za K-9 nazo zifite uburyo bwo guhembwa. Ntabwo ari amafaranga, ahubwo ni ibikinisho nk’imipira n’amagambo yo kuzishimira.
CIP Twagiramungu avuga ko ibi bigira uruhare rukomeye mu gutuma imbwa ikunda akazi kayo.
Ati: “Iyo uyihembye, imbwa irabyibuka igashaka kongera gukora neza. Ibi bituma umubano wayo n’umuyobozi wayo urushaho gukomera.”
Uko zitaweho mu buzima bwa buri munsi
Ubuzima bw’izi mbwa bwitabwaho nk’ubw’ushinzwe umutekano wuzuye.
Chief Inspector of Police (CIP) Dr. Robert Mugabe, umuganga w’amatungo wa K-9, avuga ko buri mbwa igenzurwa buri munsi, igahabwa indyo yihariye hakurikijwe ibiro ifite n’imbaraga ikoresha.
Yagize ati: “Twita ku buzima bwazo buri munsi. Zifite indyo yabugenewe, zisukurwa buri gihe, kandi zikavurirwa mu ivuriro ryihariye rya K-9. Iyo habaye ikibazo gikomeye, twohereza imbwa mu mavuriro y’amatungo yisumbuye.”
Avuga kandi ko imbwa imwe mu busanzwe irya rimwe mu masaha 24, igahabwa hafi garama 500 z’ibyo kurya.
Ikiruhuko n’igihe cyo kuruhuka
Nubwo zikora akazi gakomeye, imbwa za K-9 nazo zigira ikiruhuko.
Dr. Mugabe asobanura ko iyo umupolisi uyiyobora ari mu kiruhuko, n’imbwa ihita iruhuka.
Ibi bifasha mu kurinda umunaniro no gukomeza ubufatanye hagati y’imbwa n’umuyobozi wayo.
Izabukuru n’iherezo ry’akazi
Nk’abantu, imbwa za K-9 nazo zigira igihe cyo kujya mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru.
Imbwa zitahura ibiyobyabwenge zisezererwa hagati y’imyaka 9 na 10, mu gihe izitahura ibisasu ziba ziri hagati y’imyaka 8 na 9 bitewe n’akazi zakoraga.
Ubutumwa bwazo hanze y’igihugu
Uretse mu Rwanda, imbwa za K-9 zagiye zifashishwa no mu bikorwa by’umutekano mu mahanga, harimo nk’i Cabo Delgado muri Mozambique, aho zifasha mu bikorwa byo kurwanya imitwe y’iterabwoba.
CSP Kalimba avuga ko u Rwanda rwatangiye no guteza imbere gahunda yo korora imbwa za K-9 imbere mu gihugu, kugira ngo zigabanuke gutumizwa hanze, cyane cyane mu Buholandi no mu Bwongereza.
