Ibihugu byinshi byakoresheje ubwoko bumwe cyangwa ubundi bw’indege zitagira abapilote (UAV: unmanned aerial vehicles) zizwi nka drones mu kugenzura no gutumanaho, kandi ibitari bike bikoresha indege zitagira abadereva mu kurwana. Haba mu gukoresha za misile, ibisasu biyobowe na lazeri (lazer), byinshi mu bikorwa bya gisirikare byo mu mu kirere by’iki gihe bishobora gukorwa za za drones bigatuma hibazwa igihe indege za gisirikare zikoreshwa na’abapilote zizamara mbere yo kuba amateka.
Ni muri urwo rwego, twifashishije urubuga AeroTime, tugiye kubagezaho drones 10 za mbere zigezweho muri iki gihe bitewe n’ubushobozi bwazo.
1. XQ-58A Valkyrie
Valkyrie ni indi ntambwe mu iterambere ry’indege zitagira abapilote zakorewe gutera inkunga indege zisanzwe z’indwanyi zishingiye ku kugenzura mu buryo butaziguye zikoresheje ubwenge karemano. Iyi ndege ishobora guhangana n’umwanzi ndetse ikitangaho igitambo ubwayo ikingira indege ziba zitwawe n’abantu. Igice gitangaje cyane kuri izi ndege ni igiciro, kubera ko drone imwe ishobora kugura miliyoni 2 zamadorali ugereranyije n’indege zitwarwa n’abapilote ziba zihenze cyane. Kuba ifite ubushobozi bujya kungana nk’’ubw’indege zitwarwa n’abantu ariko ikaba ihendutse ndetse byoroha kuyivana ahantu uyijyana ahandi, byorohera igisirikare kuba cyakora nyinshi zishobora guhangayikisha ubwoko bwose bw’ubwirinzi bw’umwanzi. Mu gihe Valkyrie ikiri ubwoko bukirimo kugeragezwa, biteganyijwe ko zizatangira gukorwa ku bwinshi muri uyu mwaka wa 2021.
2. BAE Systems Taranis / Dassault nEUROn
Ubwoko bubiri bwazo busa mu bushobozi no mu kugaragara, ariko bwakozwe n’ibigo bibiri bitandukanye byo mu Burayi harimo icyo mu Bwongereza BAE Systems n’ikidi kiyoborwa n’uruganda rwa Dassault rw’Abafaransa. Ubu bwoko bwa drones nabwo ni bumwe mu buteye imbere mu ndege zitayoborwa n’abapilote.
Ubu bwoko bwombi bwageragejwe bwa mbere mu 2012 na 2013, mu 2014 amasezerano hagati y’u Bufaransa n’u Bwongereza yo kurushaho kongerera izi ndege ubushobozi yashyizweho umukono ariko yaje guteshwa agaciro nyuma y’aho u Bwongereza bwitandukanyije n’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi.
3. Sukhoi S-70 Okhotnik-B
Indege ya mbere itagira umupilote y’u Burusiya ikora ni ugukomeza umushinga wa MiG wiswe “Skat”. Ariko aho iyi ndege itandukanira n’izindi zitagira abapilote ni ubunini bwayo. Iyi iremereye inshuro zigeze kuri enye ugereranyije na X-47B ndetse ikaba ishobora gutwara toni eshatu z’intwaro no gukora ibirometero bigera ku 6,000. Okhotnik yakorewe gukorana bya hafi n’indege z’indwanyi za SU-57 zitwarwa n’abapilote, bikaba biteganyijwe ko zizatangira gukoreshwa n’Igisirikare cyo mu kirere cy’u Burusiya mu 2024.
4. Hongdu GJ-11
Muri rusange ni bicye bizwi kuri iyi drone y’Abashinwa bahimbye akazina k’Inkota ityaye (Sharp Sword). Yagurukijwe bwa mbere mu 2013 itangira gukoreshwa n’igisirikare mu 2019. U Bushinwa bwazamuye ubushobozi bwo gucengera bw’iyi drone ku buryo imikorere yayo iri ku rwego rw’izindi drones bimeze kimwe.
5. Northrop Grumman X-47
Nubwo Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika itigeze ibura gahunda z’iterambere rya drones kuva mu 2000, Boeing Phantom Ray, na drones yakoze nka X-74B, X-47A,yagurutse bwa mbere mu 2003, X-47B. izi drones zaje zifite ubushobozi butangaje nka X-47B ishobora kwikorera toni 2 z’ibisasu ariko igashobora guhaguruka ku mato zihagurukiraho. Izi drones za X-47 ariko mu rwego rwo gukomeza guteza imbere ubushobozi bwazo biteganyijwe ko zishobora kuzasimbuzwa iyo bise RQ-180. Nubwo iyi ikoreshwa mu kugenzura kuva byibuze mu 2015, ubushobozi bwayo bw’imirwanire ntiburahishurwa.
6. General Atomics Avenger
Ku ikubitiro iyi yiswe Predator C, nk’ije gusimbura MQ-1 Predator na MQ-9 Reaper. Iyi ishobra kwikorera toni eshatu z’ibisasu, ishobora kohereza umuriro ku mwanzi ikoresheje uburyo nk’ubw’indege z’indwanyi za F-35.
7. EADS Barracuda
Barracuda yakozwe na Airbus mu rwego rwo guhangana n’izindi gahunda zo gukora drones zo mu Burayi. Nubwo idafite ubushobozi bw’ubwikorezi no kumara igihe kirekire mu kirere nk’izindi, mu bijyanye n’intambara ishobora kuba inazirenze. Iyi yokorera ibiro 300 by’ibisasu ishobora kurasa ku mwanzi mbere y’uko amenya ko yatewe. Nta byinshi cyane bizwi kuri Barracuda, ariko yakoze urugendo rwayo rwa mbere mu 2006. Nubwo umushinga wo kuyiteza imbere wahagaritswe ngo nta gushidikanya niyo drone ya mbere y’intambara yo mu Burayi.
8. Altair / Altius
Iyi ndege yakoze urugendo rwayo rwa mbere mu 2019 kandi biteganyijwe ko izatangira gukoreshwa n’Igisirikare cyo mu Kirere cy’u Burusiya muri uyu mwaka wa 2021. Abayikoze bavuga ko ishobora kumara amasaha 48 mu kirere igapima toni.
9. CAIG GJ-2 / Wing Loong II
Nubwo yatangijwe muri 2017, ubwoko bw’izi drones z’Abashinwa zagurishijwe hanze zarigaragaje mu makimbirane menshi yo mu Burasirazuba bwo Hagati zifitwe na Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Abarabu (UAE), mu gihe ibihugu nka Pakistan na Misiri byaguze izisaga 10 muri zo.
10. TAI Aksungur
Aksungur ni imwe mu ndege zitagira abapilote zifite ikoranabuhanga riteye imbere. Yakorewe muri Turkiya n’uruganda rwa Turkish Aerospace Industries. Ikaba ifite ubushobozi bwo kumara amasaha 40 mu kirere.
