U Rwanda rukeneye ingamba zo guhangana n’umuco wo kwiyahura wagarutse

Kwiyahura ni umuco wahozeho mu banyarwanda uhereye mu gihe cya gihanga, umuco wagiye ukendera bijyanye n’iterambere ariko cyane cyane rishingiye ku madini. Kera kwiyahura byafatwaga nk’igikorwa cy’ubutwari aho umugabo nyawe atashoboraga kwihanganira kuba mu bandi akennye cyangwa afite icyamusebeje muri rubanda. Iyo byamugendekera bityo yiboheraga ingoyi mu ibanga ubundi agahenga abantu batamubona akajya mu gashyamba ahari igiti, akacyurira akimanika agahita apfa. Ku bantu bakuze bari baciye akenge, uwo wari uhari kugeza mu myaka ya za mirongo irindwi.

Kuva aho umwaduko w’abazungu uziye, kwiyahura byagiye bikendera kubera inyigisho z’amadini zivuga ko ari icyaha cyabuza ijuru umuntu wiyahuye. Icyo gihe ntamwana, nta mugore cyangwa umukobwa byagiye bivugwaho kwiyahura muri icyo gihe. Cyari igikorwa cyane cyane cy’abagabo kandi bakuze. Mu myaka ya za 40, mu cyahoze cyitwa Zayire, umusaza umwe witwaga Mbaraga wari waravuye mu Bigogwe agiye gushaka ubwatsi bw’inka, umutware w’ I Bweremana w’Umuhunde ( bumwe mu bwoko bwaho), yamunyaze ubushyo bw’inka, araburana kugeza azibuze burundu. Yarahindukiye atashye ahitwa Kamuronsa, asanga adakwiriye kubaho adafite inka nuko yiroha ku kiyaga cya Kivu apfa atyo.

Undi nawe ntavuze izina, kuko umuryango we ukiriho, umugoroba umwe muri za 80 yari avuye ku kazi ageze iwe asanga umugabo w’umuturanyi we aryamanye n’umugore we, ahita nawe yiyahuza ingoyi. Ingero ni nyinshi namwe mwatanga, ariko burya ni yo mpamvu iyo umunyarwanda agututse ngo ” uragakena, urakabura inka,” aba akurashe, akurangije pe! Ibyo aba kera ntibabyihanganiraga.

Ibyo kwiyahura ariko si iby’Abanyarwanda bonyine kuko no mu bihugu byateye imbere, ubushakashatsi bwerekana ko ukwiyahura bigenda byiyongera bitewe ahanini no kwiheba, ibibazo by’ubukungu, uguhemukirwa n’uburwayi bwo mu mutwe buterwa no kunywa ibiyobyabwenge. Byose ariko bigaterwa ahanini n’ibibazo by’imibereho mu miryango (problèmes sociaux).

Kwiyahura ni igikorwa, umuntu yikorera yiyambura ubuzima (yiyica), akoresheje uburyo bunyuranye nk’ubwo gakondo navuze ariko hari n’abanywa imiti (uburozi) n’ibindi. Ni icyemezo kiva ku mutima imbere, akagitekerezaho igihe kinini cyangwa gito bikamurenga, kwihangana bikanga bikarangira agishyize mu bikorwa.

Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku buzima (OMS/WHO), muri raporo y’ubushakashatsi ryakoze mu 2019, ryagaragaje ko byibuze isi itakaza abantu 800,000 mu mwaka, biyahuye mu buryo butandukanye, uburyo bwo kwitamika uburozi (pesticide self-poisoning) bukaza ku isonga kuko buri ku kigero cya 20%.

Ibyo kwiyahura ntawabivuga ngo abirangize

Mu Rwanda izo mfu twarazibonye, n’izo tutabonye twarazibwiwe. Hari izo nise ubwiyahuzi gakondo ariko rimwe na rimwe mu bihe bitandukanye, twajyaga twumva abakobwa cyangwa abahungu biyahuye kubera bahemukiwe n’abakunzi babo.

Ntabwo neza icyo amategeko ahana mu Rwanda avuga ku muntu wiyahuye cyangwa wagerageje kwiyahura, niba ateganyirizwa gihano ki. Aho nakuriye mu mahanga, nabonaga imva y’umuntu wiyahuye yarazirikwagaho umunyururu bisobanura ngo kuba aziritswe ku isi no mu ijuru bibe uko. Icyo ni igihano babaga bamukatiye kubera icyo gikorwa bo bagereranyaga n’ubugwari.

Hekenewe ingamba zo guhangana n’iki kibazo

Kuba nagarutse ku ngamba ku mutwe w’ iyi nkuru, ntibivuga ko byacitse mu Rwanda. Gusa ni uko muri iyi minsi ishize hagiye hagaragara bene abo bantu biyahura, aho usanga baboneka bamanitse mu biti bapfuye. Ukibaza niba ari ukugaruka kwa wa muco wa kera kuko ubundi kwitamika (kwiha uburozi) aribyo byakaboroheye.

Ibyo ari byo byose ibuye ryagaragaye ntiriba ricyishe isuka. Izo mfu, ni Abanyarwanda bene wacu batuvamo kuburyo ari ikibazo kigomba guhagurukirwa kigafatirwa ingamba zihamye. Inzego zibishinzwe by’umwihariko iz’umutekano, imibereho myiza, n’iz’ iterambere ry’umuryango ziKwiriye gufata ingamba zituma izo mfu zigabanyuka.

Abashakashatsi n’abanyamakuru na bo bakwiriye kugaragaza uburemere bw’iki kibazo n’ingamba zagifatirwa.

Uko byagenga kose hakwiriye ubukangurambaga mu rwego rwo hejuru, aho abaturage bakangurirwa kureba uwo muco mubi, bikaganirwaho muri za kiliziya n’insengero, igihe cy’umuganda no mu zindi nama zihuza abaturage nk’umugoroba w’abayeyi n’izindi. Hakwiriye kandi kujya hafatwa abaturiye aho ukwiyahura byabereye mu rwego rwo gushaka amakuru kuko hari n’ushobora kwiyahura hari ababigizemo uruhare nko kuba bamumanika ubwabo bakigira nyoni nyinshi. Kuva mu cyumweru gishize, mu bice bitandukanye by’igihugu humvikanye amakuru y’abantu bane biyahuye.