Umuyobozi ni umuntu runaka wahawe inshingano zo kuba nyambere w’abandi. Uyu ahabwa iryo kwitwa umuyobozi binyuze mu nzira zirimo: amatora, gushyirwaho no kwishyiraho binyuze muri za coup d’etat. Aba ba nyuma usanga abenshi ari abasirikare, bashyira toni n’amapeti hasi bakambara za karuvati n’amakoti,bakibitwa abayobozi. Umuhanga mu by’imbagarabwenge (Philosophy) na politiki, Charles-Louis de Secondat, Baron de La Brède et de Montesquieu, avuga ko ubutegetsi bugira ubwoko butatu: Ubutegetsi nshingamategeko, nyubahiriza tegeko n’ubucamanza. Abari muri ubwo butegetsi umwanditsi yavuze haruguru, ni bo bayobozi. Bafata iya mbere muri byinshi bireba ubuzima bw’abaturage. Ni bo bashyiraho ayo mategeko, kureba iyubahirizwa ryayo no gukurikirana hisunzwe amategeko uko ibyo byose byakurikizwa. Izina ‘umuyobozi’ ryumvikanisha uza imbere y’abandi bagukurikira. Nk’umuntu uza imbere muri byose, birumvikana ko abaturage bafite byinshi byo kumubaza byinshi byerekeye ibibakorerwa, kumubaza iyo abaganisha heza bakamushima, haba habi bakamugaya. Gukoresha ijambo ‘agomba’ nta bwikanyize burimo kuko ni ihame ryakaranze uyobora abandi aho abagomba ibisobanuro. Ibi bijyana n’ihame rya demukarasi aho umuyobozi ashyirwaho n’abaturage, akaba uwabo, akaba ari bo akorera ndetse bakaba bamukuraho igihe bigaragaye ko adakora ibyo ashinzwe nk’uko umwanditsi, umwarimu wa Kaminuza Larry Jay Diamond abigarukaho. Ingero zirahari mu bihugu nka Liberia, aho kuri ubu abaturage bari gusaba mu myigaragambyo Perezida George Weah gusobanura irengero rya miliyoni 20 z’amadolari zaburiwe irengero mu buryo busa na filimi. Abaturage kandi barasaba Weah kugaragaza uko umutungo we ungana muri iki gihe ari perezida nk’uko BBC yabitangaje. Abo baturage babibaza nibo baherutse ku mutora kubabera umukuru w’ igihugu ku bwinshi. Abayobozi nka Jacob Zuma wari Perezida wa Afurika y’Epfo yatumijwe n’inteko ishinga amategeko ngo asobanure ku ikoreshwa ry’imari ya Leta yakoresheje asana inzu ye bwite. Impinduramatwara za rubanda mu bihugu byo muri Afurika ya ruguru ni urugero rwiza rw’aho abaturage bahagurutse bakabaza abategetsi babo ku byo babakorera. Byarangiye bamwe bavuye ku butegetsi, bayabangira ingata, intebe barazita. Muri ibi bihugu n’ahandi, ibi ni urugero rwiza rw’aho abaturage bashaka kumenya iby’umutegetsi wabo. Abari ba Muhimundu, baba ba Muhinduru. Umuyobozi ntagomba kwigira igitangaza cyangwa akari aha kajya he kuko atorwa mu baturage, akaba aribo bamuha ku bubasha bwabo ngo abukoreshe mu gushyira hamwe abaturage no kubateza imbere. Ahenshi muri Afurika si igitekerezo cy’umwanditsi ko abategetsi bamwe bigize ibitangaza nyuma yo kugera ku butegetsi. Rimwe na rimwe baba bwumva ko kububaza ibiri gukorwa ari ukububahuka, ko ababubaza ari intashima bakaba injiji zitabona ibyiza ubutegetsi bwabagejejeho. Aba babahimbwa n’andi mazina umwanditsi atari bugarukeho gusa ikizwi cyo ni uko bitwa izindi ntera (ubwoko bw’ijambo) nyinshi zishobora kubagaragaza nk’ababi mu maso y’imbaga ikurikiye abo bategetsi. Imvugo ni nagezeyo, none mwe ntimugire icyo mumbaza. Benshi bigaragaza nk’abageze ku yindi ntera. Abo biha serivisi aho kuyiha rubanda, uku ni nako umugabane wa Afurika waje kwisanga ufite abanyagitugu batabarika kugeza no muri iki kinyejana turimo. Kugira ngo badakomeza kubazwa ibyo bakorera abaturage, babacamo ibice. Abandi nabo iyo batangiye kubona ko bagenzi babo babaye babi, batakaza intumbero, bagahangana ubwabo, ubutegetsi bwigaramiye. Ntawashidikanya ko buba bubizi kuko ingingo nk’idini, ubwoko, akarere, inyungu n’ibindi baba bazi ko ari ko kantu k’umwiryane babashyizemo. Uko kuzamuka mu bushorishori kw’abategetsi gutuma bumva rubanda babahaye ku bubasha bwabo ngo babukoreshe, ari abantu baciriritse, batabagomba na mba ibisobanuro ku buzima bw’igihugu. Aka umwanditsi yakwita agasuzuguro, gatuma haduka imigumuko, imirwano n’ubwigomeke ndetse n’ibindi byakorwa n’ushaka kwerekana ko hari ibyo atemera. Niba umutegetsi yumva ntacyo yishinja akwiriye kwemera abamujora n’abagira icyo bamubaza. Umunyarwanda ati “ Uhakana ubugore aragarama kandi uwanga amazimwe abandwa habona.” Niba umutegetsi ashyizweho n’abaturage, ubwo ni bo bakoresha. Mu buzima busanzwe kwanga gutanga ibisobanuro ku baturage byumvikana nko kwanga guha ibisobanuro umukoresha (bosi). Muri Afurika kuvuga ibi ni nko kuvuga ininura, kuko birabusanye ahubwo kuko umukoresha (abaturage) ari we uciriritse ku mukozi we (umutegetsi). Iri hame ryo kumva ko umutegetsi akwiriye kubazwa ibyo akorera abaturage bigaragara ko ritaratsimbatara muri Afurika. Nta bapfira gushira, hari aho bigenda neza. Aho abategetsi bahindutse ba kagarara niho hakiri ibirego bidashira byo kwica abatavuga rumwe na Leta, ubuhunzi, kuniga itangazamakuru, guhutaza uburenganzira bwa muntu, umutekano muke kuko hari abafashe intwaro ngo bikize ubutegetsi n’ibindi bibazo uruhuri. Ntacyo uwagatanze ibisobanuro kuri izo ngingo yiteguye kubitanga, igisubizo ni “Oya, siko biri pe!” Umuyobozi udashaka kubazwa ibyo akorera abaturage, akwiye kureka ubuyobozi kuko nta wundi byabazwa. Bitabaye ibyo, abantu bazahora mu nduru n’ubutegetsi budashaka kubatega amatwi. Ibi bizasunikira benshi mu guca undi muvuno, ingingo ikururira akaga abaturage, bo batakaza na duke bari bafite. Hakwiriye kwimakaza umuco wo gukorera abaturage, gushyira imbere inyungu zabo no kubatega amatwi mu bitekerezo batanga kuri gahunda za Leta z’ibibakorerwa, kuko Umuyobozi mwiza akora ibyo abaturage bamutumye kandi bibafiye umumaro ( participative approach). Uyu muco mubi w’ abayobozi muri Afurika ni wo ubatera kugundira ubutegetsi, banga kuburekura igihe biri ngombwa bagakora uko bashoboye ngo babugumeho bishinyikirije ikinyoma. Ubu buryo bukabangamira ubwisanzure bw’abaturage ( lack of democracy) no kutagenzurana hagati y’abayobora n’ abayoborwa nk’ uko bigenda mu bihugu byateye imbere muri demukarasi ( checks and balances). Abayobozi bagomba kudafata abo bayobora nk’ ingaruzwamuheto kuko iyo uyoborwa ababaye birenze, ageraho ntiyumve ibyo abwirwa kuko bavuga ngo inda ishonje itagira amatwi, bityo amaherezo akaba yakwigaranzura ubutegetsi nk’uko amateka ya politiki yagiye abitwereka.
