Tariki 20 Nyakanga 1969: Neil Armstrong yatembereye ku kwezi isi yose imuhanze amaso

Uyu munsi ni kuwa Mbere tariki 20 Nyakanga 2020. Ni umusi wa 202 mu misi igize umwaka, uyu mwaka usigaje iminsi 164 ngo ugere ku musozo.

Kuru uyu munsi mu mwaka w 1969 ku saha ya saa 10:56 z’ijoro , umunyamerika Neil Armstrong nyuma yo gukora urugendo rwa mayiro 240,000 ava ku isi, yakandagiye bwa mbere ku butaka bw’ukwezi.

Incamake

Hagati y’umwaka 1947 n’umwaka 1991, nicyo gihe intambara y’ubutita yabereyemo. Mu byari bigize intambara y’ubutita bwari uburyo bwo kubaka igitinyiro cy’ibihugu bidaturutse ku bushobozi bw’intwaro gusa ahubwo hanagendewe mu byo bagezeho muri Siyansi n’ubuvumbuzi.Ku bihugu nka Leta zunze ubumwe z’abasoviyete na Amerika, gukora ubushakashatsi bwerekeza ku gutembera isanzure no kurimenyeho byinshi zari inzozi za buri umwe.

Mu mbwirwaruhame perezida wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika John F. Kennedy yagejeje ku nteko ishingamategeko ya Amerika kuwa 25 Gicurasi 1961, yaravuze ati” Ndizera ko iki gihugu gifite ubushobozi bwo kugera kuri byinshi muri iyi myaka 10 iri imbere.Twiteguye kohereza umuntu wa Mbere uzajya ku kwezi akahatembera kandi akagaruka ari muzima”

Inteko ishingamategeko yakiye iki gitekerezo cya Peezida Kennedy neza cyane, basangaga kizabongerera ubushongore imbere y’Abasoviyete bari bahanganye mu ntambara y’ubutita.

Mu mwaka 1966, nyuma y’ubushakashatsi bwari bumaze imyaka 5 bukorwa n’ikigo cya Amerika gishinzwe ubushakashatsi ku isanzure (NASA), cyari kimaze gukora icyogajuru cyahawe izina rya Apollo1. Iki cyogajuru cyarigifite ubushobozi bwo kugenda ku butaka no mu kirere.

Ibi byaje gukomwa mu nkokora Tariki 27 Mutarama 1967 I Florida aho mu isuzumwa ry’icyogajuru Apollo 2 inkongi y’umuriro yafashe iki cogajuru abahanga batatu bari bakirimo bahaburira ubuzima.

Ibi ntibyigeze bica intege abashakashatsi ba NASA ,kuko mu Kwakira 1968 bari bamaze gukora Apollo 7, yazengurutse impande zisi ku muvuduko wo mu rwego rwo hejuru ikongera ikagaruka ikagwa nta kibazo kibayemo. Mu Ukuboza 1968, Apollo 8 yarimo abahanga 3 nanone yafashe urugendo mu isanzure , aba bashakashatsi bajyanye ibikoresho bikomeye bifata amafoto, gusa bazengurutse iruhande ry’ukwezi ntibahagarara kuri ubwo butaka.

Tariki 16 Nyakanga 1969, ku isaha ya Saa 9:32 z’amanwa Icyogajuru Apollo 11 cyari cy’ujuje ibyo bakekaga ko ari ngombwa byose cyahagurutse mu kigo cy’ubushakashatsi cyitiriwe Kennedy , I Florida muri Amerika.

Ku mashusho yacaga kuma tekeviziyo yose muri Amerika imbonankubone, impuguke muby’isanzure Neil Armstrong, Edwin Aldrin Jr na Michael Collins (wari umuyobozi wiri tsinda) binjiye mu cyogajuru Apollo 11. Nyuma y’urugendo rwa mayiro 240,000 , mu kirere bava ku isi , Apollo 11 yinjiye ku butaka bw’ukwezi tariki ya 19 nyakanga 1969. Ni urugendo rwatwaye amasaha 76.

Ku musi wakurikiyeho ku isaa 1:45 zigicuku, utwogajuru 2 duto twiswe Eagles twarimo Armstrong na Aldrin twasohotse muri Apollo 11 yari yamaze kugwa butaka bw’ukwezi.

Utu twogajuru duto twakomeje gutembera mu kirere cy’ukwezi tuhafata amafoto kugeza ku saha ya saa 4:18, ubwo Armstrong yahamagaye I Texas muri Amerika ababwira ko icyogajuru yarimo kimaze kugwa neza neza ku kwezi. Nyuma y’amasaha abiri Armostrong ahagaze ku kwezi .

Ku isaha ya saa 10:39 z’ijoro, Armstrong yafunguye kamera zo ku ngofero ye, acana n’ibikoresha by’itumanaho byoherezaga amajwi n’amashusho ku isi aho miliyoni z’abatuye isi bose bari bategereje kumva umuntu wa mbere ugira ijambo avuga adahagaze ku butaka bw’isi.

Saa 10:56 Armstrong yatangiye kuvuga imbwirwaruhame ye yamamaye cyane ku isi aho yagize ati”Iyi ni intambwe ya mbere nziza ku muntu,ni intambwe ikomeye cyane ku muntu” akivuga aya magambo yahise ashinga ikirenge cye cy’ibumoso ku butaka bw’ukwezi .

Ku butaka busa n’umusenyi mwiza wo ku Nyanja , Armostrong yakomeje kubuteberaho , kugeza ubwo mugenzi we Aldrin nawe ahageze ku isaha ya saa 11:11. Bombi bahise batangira gufata amafoto y’icyogajuru Apollo11 bajemo, babikora bibanze ahaherereye ibendera rya Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika bari mamaze gushinga ku kwezi isi yose babona ibirimo kuba imbonankubone.

Neil Armostrong na Mugezni we bamaze ijoro ryose ku kwezi, kugeza mu gitondo cyo kuwa 21 Nyakanga ubwo batangaje ubutumwa bavuga ko bagarutse ku isi

Tariki 24 Nyakanga 1969 ,Apollo 11 yari igeze ku isi, hari saa 12:51 z’ijoro. Mu birori byo kwakira Armostrong na bagenzi be, Perezida Richard Nixon yabwiye abaturage ba Amerika ko iyo ari intangiriro y’ubushakashatsi bwagombaga gukomeza .

Nyuma y’iki gikorwa, hari abandi bantu bageze ku kwezi nkaho Eugene Cernan na Harrison Schmitt bakoresheje icyogajuru Apollo 17 bagiye ku kwezi mu mwaka 1972.

Igikorwa cyo kubaka ibyogajuru bya Apollo na misiyo ijya ku kwezi cyakozwe n’impuguke zirenga 400,000 . Muri bo harimo abubatsi , abanyasiyansi n’abandi babafashaga. Ni umushinga watwaye leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika miriyari 24 z’amadorari