Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika zabaye igihugu rukumbi cyatoye kirwanya umwanzuro w’Inteko Rusange ya Loni ushyigikira ikoreshwa ry’ikarita y’Isi igaragaza imigabane mu bunini bwegereye ukuri, cyane cyane Afurika isanzwe igaragara ari ntoya ku ikarita ikoreshwa cyane ya Mercator.
Ku wa 4 Nzeri ni bwo uwo mwanzuro watowe ku bwiganze bukomeye bw’amajwi 164, mu gihe ibihugu bitandatu byifashe na ho Amerika ikaba ari yo yonyine yatoye ‘oya’.
Gutora uyu mwanzuro baturutse ku gitekerezo cyashyigikiwe n’ibihugu bya Afurika birangajwe imbere na Togo, kikaba cyari kigambiriye guteza imbere ikoreshwa rya ‘Equal Earth projection’, uburyo bwo gushushanya ikarita y’Isi bugamije kugaragaza ubuso bw’imigabane mu buryo butagoramye cyane.
Umunyamabanga wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika uhagarariye igihugu cye muri Loni yasobanuye ko Washington yanze gutora uriya mwanzuro, kuko iwubona nk’ushingiye ku “mugambi w’ibitekerezo bya politiki”, aho kubona ko ari igisubizo ku kibazo cy’ingenzi ku Isi.
Ibi bituma Amerika iba igihugu cyihariye muri iri tora, kuko ibindi bihugu hafi ya byose byari mu Nteko Rusange byashyigikiye igitekerezo cyo gushishikariza ikoreshwa ry’amakarita agaragaza neza ubuso bw’imigabane.
Nubwo bimeze gutyo, uyu mwanzuro ntabwo uhagarika ikoreshwa rya Mercator ku Isi. Ni icyemezo gisaba kandi gishishikariza ibihugu, amashuri, ibigo n’imbuga zikoresha amakarita kwitabira uburyo bwa ‘Equal Earth’ n’ubundi buryo bwa ‘equal-area projections’, igihe hagaragazwa cyangwa hagereranywa ubunini bw’ibihugu n’imigabane.
Impaka z’ikarita zishingiye ku buryo Mercator projection igoreka ubunini bw’ubutaka.
Ubu buryo bwakozwe mu kinyejana cya 16, cyane cyane bufasha mu bijyanye no kugenda mu nyanja, ariko bugatuma uturere twegereye inkingi tugaragara tunini cyane kurusha uko turi mu by’ukuri.
Urugero ruzwi cyane ni urwa Greenland na Afurika. Ku ikarita ya Mercator, Greenland ishobora kugaragara nk’aho ingana hafi na Afurika, nyamara Afurika ifite ubuso bukubye Greenland hafi inshuro 14.
Equal Earth yo yashyizweho mu 2018 igamije kugabanya iri goreka ry’ubuso, ku buryo Afurika igaragara mu bunini bwegereye ubwa nyabwo.
