Perezida wa Kenya, William Ruto, aheruka gutangaza ko igihugu cye kigiye gufata ingamba zikomeye ku banyamahanga bakora ubucuruzi buto, cyane cyane amaduka mato n’ubundi bucuruzi bwo ku rwego ruto.
Iri tangazo ryatanzwe ku wa 2 Nzeri 2026, ubwo Ruto yari mu nama n’abacuruzi bo mu cyiciro cy’ubucuruzi bugereranyije n’ubucuruzi buto n’ubuciriritse (Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises — MSMEs) i Nairobi.
Yavuze ko abanyamahanga bakwiye kwibanda ku ishoramari rinini ritanga imirimo, aho guhangana n’Abanya-Kenya mu bucuruzi buto.
Guverinoma yari yatangaje ko iri tegeko rizatangira gushyirwa mu bikorwa ku wa 7 Nzeri 2026.
Icyo Ruto yashingiragaho ni igitekerezo cyoroshye: Ubucuruzi busaba igishoro gito kandi bushobora gukorwa n’Umunya-Kenya ntibukwiye kwamburwa Abanyakenya n’abanyamahanga, ariko icyo cyemezo cyaje gukurura impaka zikomeye ndetse kinatuma abanyamahanga biganjemo Abarundi bibasirwa.
Kuki Ruto yafashe uyu mwanzuro?
Ikibazo cyari kimaze igihe kivugwa n’abacuruzi bato bo muri Kenya. Bavuga ko abanyamahanga bamwe binjira mu gihugu bagatangira gucuruza ibintu nk’imyenda, ibikoresho byo mu ngo n’ibindi bicuruzwa ku rwego ruto, bakajya kubigurisha ku masoko aho Abanyakenya basanzwe bakorera.
Ruto yabwiye abacuruzi ko Kenya itigeze ishyiraho politiki yo gukurura abanyamahanga kugira ngo baze gucuruza utuntu duto, ahubwo ko yashakaga abashoramari bazana imari, bagashyiraho inganda kandi bagatanga imirimo.
Visa-free si uruhushya rwo gukora ubucuruzi
Ikindi kibazo cyashyizwe imbere na Minisiteri y’Ubucuruzi ni uko hari abanyamahanga binjira muri Kenya hakoreshejwe uburyo bwo kwinjira nta visa, ariko nyuma bakajya gukora ubucuruzi cyangwa imirimo badafite impushya zibemerera kubikora.
Minisitiri w’Ubucuruzi, Lee Kinyanjui, yavuze ko visa-free cyangwa exemption ya eTA bidaha umuntu uburenganzira bwo gukora akazi cyangwa ubucuruzi muri Kenya.
Abanyamahanga bakora ibyo bikorwa bagomba kubahiriza ibisabwa ku byangombwa by’akazi n’ubucuruzi.
Ibi biha Kenya urundi rwego rwo gusobanura iki gikorwa: si ikibazo cy’ubwenegihugu gusa, ahubwo ni n’ikibazo cyo kubahiriza amategeko agenga impushya z’ubucuruzi n’iz’abakozi.
Ariko ikibazo cyahise kijya kuri EAC
Aha ni ho ikibazo kirushaho kuba kinini. Kenya, Uganda, Tanzania, Rwanda, u Burundi n’ibindi bihugu bigize Umuryango w’Afurika y’Iburasirazuba (EAC) bifite gahunda y’isoko rusange igamije koroshya urujya n’uruza rw’abantu, ibicuruzwa, serivisi n’imari hagati y’ibihugu.
Iyo Kenya ivuze ko hari ibikorwa bimwe bigomba gusigara ku Banyakenya gusa, havuka ikibazo cyo kumenya aho kurinda umucuruzi w’imbere mu gihugu birangirira n’aho ihame ry’isoko rusange ritangirira.
Kandi ibi bishobora kugira ingaruka cyane ku bihugu bihana imbibi na Kenya.
Uganda na Tanzania: Ikibazo gishobora kuba icya mbere
Abacuruzi baturuka muri Uganda na Tanzania bafite imikoranire ikomeye n’isoko rya Kenya.
Niba ingamba za Nairobi zishyizwe mu bikorwa mu buryo bukomeye, ibihugu byombi bishobora gusabwa gusobanura niba abaturage babyo bagomba gufatwa nk’abanyamahanga basanzwe cyangwa niba hari uburenganzira bwihariye bahabwa n’amasezerano ya EAC.
Tanzania na Kenya na byo byari bimaze igihe bigerageza gukuraho imbogamizi ku bucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka.
Muri 2026, ibihugu byombi byari byatangaje ko bigamije kugabanya imbogamizi zitari iz’amahoro n’imisoro zibangamira ubucuruzi.
Ni yo mpamvu icyemezo gishya cya Nairobi gishobora kuba ikizamini gikomeye ku mibanire y’ubukungu hagati y’ibihugu byombi.
U Burundi na bwo bwatangiye kugaragaza impungenge
Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’u Burundi, Édouard Bizimana, yamaze gusaba ko Abarundi baba muri Kenya barindwa, nyuma y’uko havuzwe imvugo zibibasira.
Ibi byerekana ko ikibazo gishobora kuva ku bucuruzi kikajya ku mubano wa dipolomasi.
Iyo abaturage b’igihugu runaka batangiye kumva ko batotezwa kubera ubwenegihugu bwabo, ikibazo ntikiba kikiri icy’umucuruzi umwe n’umupolisi. Gishobora kuvamo ikibazo hagati ya za guverinoma.
U Rwanda: ingaruka zishobora kuba zitaziguye
Ku Rwanda, ingaruka z’iki cyemezo ntizihita ziba nk’izishobora kuba kuri Uganda cyangwa Tanzania.
Ariko Kenya ni rimwe mu masoko n’inzira z’ingenzi z’ubucuruzi bw’u Rwanda.
Niba Kenya itangiye gushyiraho imipaka ikomeye ku banyamahanga bakora ubucuruzi buto, Abanyarwanda bakorera muri Kenya bashobora guhura n’ibisabwa bishya ku byangombwa bibemerera kuhakorera.
Ikindi ni uko, niba ibihugu bya EAC bitangiye gufata ingamba zisa, ubucuruzi bwambukiranya imipaka bushobora kugenda bugorana.
Ese Ruto arimo gutangiza ubukungu bushingiye ku bwenegihugu gusa?
Iki ni cyo kibazo gikomeye kurusha ibindi. Mu myaka yashize, Afurika y’Iburasirazuba yagerageje kubaka isoko rinini rihuza ibihugu byinshi.
Ariko ubu hari ikindi gitekerezo kirimo kugaragara: “Banza urinde umuturage wawe.”
Ruto ashaka ko Abanyakenya bagira uruhare runini mu bucuruzi bwo mu gihugu cyabo. Ibi bishobora kumvikana nk’uburyo bwo kurengera imirimo n’amahirwe y’ubukungu ku baturage.
Ariko iyo buri gihugu gitangiye kuvuga gutyo, ikibazo ni ukumenya niba EAC izakomeza kuba isoko rusange, cyangwa buri gihugu kizatangira kubaka urukuta rwo kurinda abacuruzi bacyo.
Hari n’ikindi kimenyetso cy’impinduka muri politiki y’ubukungu ya Kenya
Iri tangazo rya Ruto rije mu gihe Kenya iri no gushyira imbere cyane igitekerezo cy’uko umutungo, abakozi n’amahirwe y’ubucuruzi bigomba kugirira akamaro cyane Abanyakenya.
Umushinga w’itegeko uri imbere y’Inteko usaba ko hari ibikorwa bimwe by’ubukungu bigomba gushyirwa imbere ku Banyakenya, ndetse ugateganya n’ibisabwa ku bigo by’abanyamahanga mu gukoresha abakozi no kugura serivisi n’ibicuruzwa bikorerwa imbere mu gihugu.
Ibi bituma ikibazo kirenga ku bacuruzi bato gusa.
Ni igice cy’impinduka zishobora kuba ziri kubaho mu buryo Kenya ibona uruhare rw’abanyamahanga mu bukungu bwayo.
Ariko Nairobi na yo yatangiye gusubiza ku mpungenge
Ikintu gikwiye kwitabwaho ni uko nyuma y’amagambo ya Ruto, Umunyamabanga wa Leta muri Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga, Korir Sing’oei, yavuze ko abanyamahanga bafite impushya zemewe n’amategeko bagomba gukomeza kurindwa kandi ko Kenya ikiri igihugu cyakira ubucuruzi bw’abanyamahanga.
Ibi bivuze ko hari itandukaniro rishobora kuba hagati yo guhagarika abanyamahanga bakora ubucuruzi butemewe cyangwa badafite ibyangombwa, no guhagarika burundu abanyamahanga bose bakora ubucuruzi buto.
Kugeza ubu, uko iri tegeko rizashyirwa mu bikorwa ku bafite ibyangombwa byemewe ni kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye bitarasobanuka neza.
Kenya irimo kurinda umuturage cyangwa gufungura undi murongo w’amakimbirane?
Icyemezo cya Ruto gifite impamvu yumvikana mu maso y’abacuruzi bato: kugira ngo umuturage w’Umunyakenya abone amahirwe yo kwikorera no kubona inyungu ku isoko ry’igihugu cye.
Ariko mu karere gafite gahunda y’isoko rusange nka EAC, ikibazo ntabwo kirangirira aho.
Niba Kenya igiye kuvuga ko ibikorwa bimwe by’ubucuruzi ari iby’Abanyakenya gusa, Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi n’u Rwanda bizasabwa kureba niba ibyo bihuye n’amahame y’isoko rusange.
Kandi niba ibindi bihugu bitangiye gusubiza Kenya mu buryo bumwe, icyatangiriye ku bacuruzi bato gishobora guhinduka ikibazo kinini cy’ubucuruzi n’ubwigenge bw’ubukungu muri Afurika y’Iburasirazuba.
Ni yo mpamvu ikibazo nyacyo atari gusa kwibaza niba Ruto ahashya abacuruzi b’abanyamahanga, ahubwo cyakabaye kwibaza niba Kenya yaba itangiye kwimuka iva kuri EAC ishingiye ku isoko rusange, ikajya kuri politiki y’ubukungu ishyira imbere cyane umuturage w’igihugu.
Iki ni ikibazo kizagenda gisubizwa n’uko Uganda, Tanzania, u Burundi n’u Rwanda bazitwara ku cyemezo cya Nairobi.
