Byinshi ku mujyi wa Lourdes ufite umubare w’ibyumba bya hoteli uruta uw’abawutuye

Lourdes ni umujyi wo mu Bufaransa uzwi kubera ubukerarugendo nyobokamana buhabera nyuma y’amabonekerwa ya Bikira Mariya Utasamanywe icyaha ku mwangavu witwaga Bernadette Soubirous.

Ibarura ryakozwe muri 2021 ryerekanye ko Lourdes ituwe n’abantu 14,361. Amahoteli awubarizwamo yemewe ku rwego mpuzamahanga agera ku 173, akagira ibyumba byo gucumbikamo 14,724 n’ibitanda by’uburiri 22,200.

Ni ukuvuga ko buri muturage w’i Lourdes araye mu cyumba cya hoteli, hasaguka ibyumba hafi 400 bibereye aho.

Mu Bufaransa, Lourdes ni wo mujyi usurwa n’abakerarugendo benshi nyuma y’umurwa mukuru Paris, ukaba uwa 3 ufite umubare munini w’amahoteli inyuma ya Paris na Nice.

Buri mwaka Lourdes isurwa n’abakerarugendo basaga miliyoni esheshatu (6,000,000). Muri bo 40% ni Abafaransa, 60% bakaba abanyamahanga biganjemo Abataliyani, Abongereza, Abanyamerika n’Abasuwisi.

Mu mujyi wa Lourdes hubatse kandi ingoro ya Bikira Mariya w’i Lourdes na Kiliziya nini (bazilika) eshatu: Bazilika yitiriwe Umubyeyi wa Rosari yubatswe mu 1862; Bazilika yitiriwe Bikira Mariya Utasamanywe icyaha (Immaculée Conception) yubatswe muri 1871 yakira abantu 20,000 bicaye.

Na Bazilika yitiriwe Mutagatifu Piyo yubatswe mu 1901. Ubutaka Butagatifu bwa Lourdes bucungwa na Kiliziya gatolika (diyoseze ya Tarbes) bufite ubuso bwa hegitari 18. Hari abakozi bahoraho b’abalayiki (laïcs) basaga 1,600.

Bernadette Soubirous yabonekewe afite imyaka 14

Marie Bernadette Soubirous yavukiye i Lourdes ku wa 7 Mutarama 1844. Se wa Bernadette yitwaga François Soubirous naho nyina akitwa Louise Soubirous. Marie Bernadette yavukiye mu muryango ukennye ariko ukunda Imana.

Icyo gihe Lourdes yari ituwe n’abantu batarenga 4,000. Bernadette yari imfura mu bana 6. Muri bo harimo Bernard-Pierre Soubirous, Jean Marie Soubirous, Antoinette Soubirous na Justin Soubirous.

Bikira Mariya yabonekeye Bernadette bwa mbere ku wa 11 Gashyantare 1858. Yari umwangavu w’imyaka 14. Bernadette yari yagiye gutora inkwi hafi y’ubuvumo bwitwa “Grotte de Massabielle”. Aho ni ho Bikira Mariya yamusabye kujya aza buri minsi cumi n’itanu bakahahurira.

Kubonekerwa byarangiye ku wa 11 Nyakanga muri uwo mwaka. Ubutumwa bw’ingenzi yamuhaye ni ukubwira abantu ngo bihane no gusengera abanyabyaha.

Ubwo yari kubonekerwa, Bernadette ngo yabwiwe na Bikira Mariya gucukura ahantu hafi y’urutare, kugira ngo anywe amazi ahari. Bernadette yacukuye gato n’intoki ze, amazi araza. Uwo munsi ni bwo benshi mu bashashidikanyaga bahise bemera.

Kuri iryo soko, ubu ryatunganijwe neza, ni ho abakerarugendo bavoma amazi bizeye ko akiza. Ariko mbere yuko yitaba Imana Bernadette yahoraga avuga ko atari amazi akiza, ko ahubwo hakiza ukwemera.

Amabonekerwa yemewe na Kiliziya Gatolika mu kwezi kwa Nyakanga 1862.

Ku myaka 22, Bernadette yagiye kuba mu kigo cy’Ababikira, aho yakoraga akazi ko kuvura (ubuforma). Yaje kwitaba Imana ku wa 16 Mata 1879 azize umusonga (pneumnie). Yari afite imyaka 35. Yagizwe umuhire ku wa 14 Nyakanga 1925, agirwa umutagatifu ku wa 8 Ukuboza 1933, ku munsi mukuru wa Bikira Mariya utasamanywe icyaha.

Inzira y’iterambere rya Lourdes ijya gusa n’iya Kibeho

Mu 1862, amabonekerwa amaze kwemerwa na Kiliziya, ubutaka bw’ahabera amabonekerwa Kiliziya Gatolika yarabuguze. Imiryango itandukanye ya Kiliziya itangira kuhashyira ibikorwa byayo.

Ku ruhande rwa Leta y’u Bufaransa, usibye umuhanda wa kabulimbo wahuzaga Lourdes n’umugi wa Toulouse wari uhasanzwe, Leta yubatse inzira nshya ya “Gari ya Moshi” igera i Paris. Ndetse yubaka n’ikibuga cy’indege cya Lourdes kiyihuza n’imigi yo mu mahanga.

Abikorera b’i Lourdes ni bo babanje kubaka amahoteli aho hafi. Umuryango wa Bernadette na wo uhafize Hoteli nziza yitwa “Héritage”. Inzu y’ababyeyi ba Bernadette iracyahari, igenda ivugururwa kugira ngo idasaza. Isurwa n’abakerarugendo basaga 600’000 buri mwaka.

Hashyizweho ikigo kihariye gishinzwe ubukerarugendo bwa Lourdes.

Komini ya Lourdes ifatanyije na Kiliziya, bashyizeho ikigo gishinzwe ubukerarugendo i Lourdes (Office du Tourisme Religieux de Lourdes). Hashakishwa abakozi b’inzobere mu kwamamaza Lourdes no kwita ku bakerarugendo bagenderera umugi mutagatifu wa Lourdes.

Hashyizweho kandi uburyo bwo kwakira abakerarugendo hashingiwe ku muco w’iwabo: amafunguro, ibinyobwa, imitako bikajyana n’aho abakerarugendo baturutse.

Lourdes kandi imaze gusurwa na ba Papa batatu: Pio wa XI muri 1901; Benoît XVI muri 2008 na Jean Paul II muri 1998 no mu 2002.

Umugi wa Lourdes uherereye muri diyosezi ya Tarbes, mu majyepfo ashyira iburengerazuba. Mbere y’amabonekerwa, Lourdes yari icyaro aho abana baho bajyaga gutora inkwi mu ishyamba kugira ngo iwabo bateke. Ubu ni umujyi uzwi n’Isi yose, usurwa kurusha Vatican.

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