Igihugu cyo mu Burayi kugeza ubu gifite umubare munini w’imanza zerekeranye na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 mu Rwanda, u Bubiligi buherutse gufata abandi bantu batatu, harimo babiri bari begereye umuryango wa Habyarimana, Aba bakekwa mu ntangiriro z’Ukwakira nibwo bajyanwe gufungwa mu gihe iperereza rigikomeje.
Aba bakekwa batawe muri yombi mu gihe cyo gusaka kwabaye ku ya 29 na 30 Nzeri 2020, mu turere tw’ubucamanza bwa Bruxelles na Hainaut “, nk’uko byatangajwe n’ibiro by’ubushinjacyaha bukuru ku ya 6 Ukwakira.
Ibi biro bivuga ko iperereza ryakozwe rijyanye “n’ibikorwa byo kurenga ku mategeko mpuzamahanga arengera ikiremwamuntu, byakorewe mu Rwanda mu gihe cya jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, i Kigali”.
Urubuga justiceinfo rwavuye imuzi byinshi bijyanye n’aba bantu baherutse gutabwa muri yombi bakekwaho uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi bwiza.com yifuje kugeza ku bayikurikirana.
Kwa Basabose Kigali yose yarazaga
Uzwi cyane muri bo ni Pierre Basabose. Yahoze mu ngabo z’u Rwanda, akaba yari umushoferi wa Colonel Elie Sagatwa, muramu wa Perezida Habyarima wari n’umunyamabanga we wihariye ndetse bapfiriye rimwe ubwo indege bari barimo yahanurwaga n’igisasu ku itariki 06 Mata 1994.
Mu ntangiriro za 90, Basabose yari azwi cyane mu biro by’ivunjisha yari afite hakurya y’isoko rikuru rya Kigali. Amaze kuva mu gisirikare, yari yarahindutse umucuruzi ndetse agenda agera kuri byinshi abikesheje inkunga y’umuryango wa perezida.
Abazwi cyane muri bo ni Pierre Basabose. Yahoze mu ngabo z’u Rwanda, cyane cyane yari umushoferi wa Coloneli Elie Sagatwa, muramu we akaba n’umunyamabanga wihariye w’uwahoze ari Perezida Juvénal Habyarimana.
“Iyo wabaga uvuye mu butumwa mu mahanga, ikintu cya mbere cyo gukora, nyuma yo kuruhuka, kwari ukujya kwa Basabose, kuvunjisha mu mafaranga y’u Rwanda amadorari cyangwa amayero yabaga asigaye mu mufuka wawe. Hano hari abandi bavunjayi birumvikana ariko njye nari nzi Basabose gusa.” “ibi bikaba byaravuzwe n’uwahoze ari umusirikare mukuru, kuri ubu wabaye umworozi w’inkoko utifuje kumenyekana.
Abakozi bakuru, abanyamakuru b’itangazamakuru rya leta, bose bajyaga gusuhuza Basabose bavuye mu ngendo. “ Mu 1992 no mu 1993, ubwo intumwa zanyuranyuranagamo hafi buri kwezi zijya muri Tanzania mu mishyikirano na FPR, zabaga ari imana kuri Basabose” nk’uko byatangajwe n’umukecuru wakoreraga muri farumasi yari mu ntambwe ebyiri uvuye “Kwa Basabose”.
Basabose yaba yaratanze amafaranga n’intwaro
Ariko se yari ku ruhe rwego mu bucuruzi? Yari umwe mu banyamahirwe akomeye mu gihugu? Biragoye kubivuga. Gusa ngo hazwi ko yahise ashyira ikiganza cye mu mufuka kugirango ashyigikire ibikorwa bya Perezida Habyarimana. Mu 1993 yabaye umunyamigabane wa kabiri wa Radio Television Libre des Mille Collines (RTLM), yamenyekanyeho gushishikariza urwango rushingiye ku moko mbere no mu gihe cya jenoside.
Muri Nyakanga 1994 nyuma ya jenoside n’ihirima rya Guverinoma y’Abatabazi muri Nyakanga 1994, ikintu cya mbere Basabose yari ashyize imbere ni ukugera ku mugabane w’u Burayi. Yaje kugera mu Bubiligi mu 1995 aturutse mu Budage, ahita atangira ubucuruzi buciriritse acuruza ibitabo bishaje, mbere yo gufungura ‘boutique’ amaze gutura ahitwa Molenbeek, imwe mu makomini agize Buruseli.
Mu Bubiligi yahawe uburenganzira bwo kwitwa impunzi ya politiki, ndetse amakuru agera kuri justiceinfo avuga ko yatangiye gushaka n’ubwenegihugu, urugendo rwakumiriwe n’ibirego yashinjwe.
Byinshi bikubiye mu mpapuro zisaba kumuta muri yombi ntibizwi, ariko amakuru aturuka mu Bushinjacyaha bw’u Rwanda yemeza ko Basabose yahaga amafaranga n’imbunda abicanyi mu Gatenga n’i Gikondo abashishikariza kumara Abatutsi.
Jean Flamme, wunganira Basabose, ku ruhande rwe avuga ko ubushinjacyaha bw’u Bubiligi bukomeza “ubutabera bw’uwatsinze” bwatangijwe, nk’uko yabitangaje, n’icyahoze ari Urukiko mpuzamahanga mpanabyaha rwashyiriweho u Rwanda (ICTR), kandi ko “bugira uruhare mu guhimba amadosiye nk’uko yateguwe n’ubushinjacyaha bw’u Rwanda binyuze mu batangabuhamya bateguwe.”
Twahirwa na perezida warakaye
Umuntu wa kabiri ukekwa mu baherutse gufatirwa mu Bubiligi ni Séraphin Twahirwa, wahoze ari umuyobozi w’Interahamwe ndetse n’umuntu wegereye umuryango w’uwahoze ari perezida.
Nubwo yize amashuri make, yari afite umwanya mwiza muri Minisiteri y’imirimo ya leta, nk’uko umwe mu bahoze bakorana nawe muri minisiteri yabitangaje. Se yari mubyara w’umunyembaraga Protais Zigiranyirazo, muramu wa perezida Habyarimana wari uzwi ku kazina ka “Z”. Uyu Zigiranyirazo yagizwe umwere na ICTR mu 2009.
Mu 1993, nibwo abari baturanye na Twahirwa bamenye ububasha bwe bwa nyabwo. Icyo gihe yatawe muri yombi na jandarumori muri dosiye y’ubwicanyi bwakozwe n’abari abazamu bo mu rugo rwe mu Gatenga. Aya makuru ngo yageze mu gutwi kwa perezida w’igihugu, ahita ahamagaza minisitiri w’ingabo.
Mu gitabo cye “Rwanda : du Parti-État à l’État-garnison” Minisitiri James Gasana (wari minisitiri w’ingabo) asobanura ukuntu ku itariki 10 Kamena 1993 yageze imbere y’umutegetsi uruta abandi mu gihugu wari wariye karungu. Ati:« Perezida ambwira ko narekuriye jandarumori ku muntu wo mu muryango we, kandi ko ashaka ko murekura.”
Akomeza agira ati: “Nongeye kumwizeza ko ntashobora kwivanga mu nzira z’ubucamanza ntari mfitiye ububasha.”
Amaze kumva ubuzima bwe bushobora kujya mu kaga, Gasana yahunze igihugu, Twahirwa we ararekurwa agaruka mu gace yari atuyemo n’intsinzi noneho yafashe icyemezo ntakuka cyo kuzagaragaza ubudahemuka kw’umuryango w’umukuru w’igihugu. Niko yitwaye akimara kumva urupfu rwa Habyarimana mu ijoro ryo kuwa 06 Mata 1994.
Erasto Ntihabose wari utuye mu Gatenga, yibuka ko yumvise byibuze inshuro ebyiri Twahirwa yarakaye bikabije agira ati: “FPR n’Abatutsi bishe umubyeyi w’igihugu. Bagomba kwishyura bihenze. Habyarimana ntazashyingurwa wenyine.”
Kuva ubwo ngo Twahirwa n’izindi Nterahamwe bahise bahinduka byihuse abica bagakiza mu rusisiro.
Jean-Damascène Bizimana, Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa Komisiyo y’Igihugu ishinzwe yo Kurwanya Jenoside (CNLG) mu nyandiko yasohotse ku ya 29 Gicurasi yagize ati: “Ku ya 26 Gicurasi 1994, ingabo za FPR-Inkotanyi zafashe igice kinini cy’Umujyi wa Kigali, harimo Kicukiro na Gatenga, maze zirokora Abatutsi n’abandi bantu bari bakiri mu maboko y’abicanyi. Gatenga yari yarigaruriwe n’Interahamwe nyinshi ziyobowe na Twahirwa Séraphin ”.
Christophe Ndangali, intiti
Umuntu wa gatatu ukekwa wafatiwe mu Bubiligi ni Christophe Ndangali utandukanye n’abandi. Uyu yari afite impamyabumenyi mu bijyanye n’indimi, aho yabanje kuba umwarimu mbere yo kuba umukozi mukuru muri minisiteri y’uburezi. Mu 1994, yari umuyobozi w’ibiro bya minisitiri ndetse n’umwe mu bagize komite nkuru ya MRND, aho avuka mu yahoze ari Perefegitura ya Byumba.
Amaze kugera mu Bubiligi, yakoze mu biro by’umwunganizi mu mategeko w’Umunyarwanda mbere yo gukomeza amashuri ye mu bijyanye n’amategeko no gufungura ‘cabinet d’avocat’ ye ku giti cye. Ubwo ni nako yakomeje gutanga ibitekerezo mu binyamakuru by’Abanyarwanda bahunze ndetse ari ko asohora inyandiko n’ibitabo. CNLG ivuga ko yari umwe mu banyabwenge bo mu majyaruguru y’u Rwanda batangiye gushishikariza jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi kuva mu 1993.
Ubushinjacyaha bw’u Rwanda bumushinja kuba yarahagarikiye ubwicanyi bwakorewe kuri za bariyeri zimwe muri Kigali mu 1994, ariko we avuga ko ari umwere.
Nta sano n’itabwa muri yombi rya Kabuga
Itabwa muri yombi ry’aba bagabo batatu mu Bubiligi ryaje rikurikira irya Kabuga Felicien wari umaze imyaka isaga 20 ahunga ubutabera kugeza ubwo yafatirwaga mu Bufaransa muri Gicurasi. Kugirango uyu afatwe, hitabajwe inzego z’umutekano z’ibihugu bitandukanye byo mu Burayi birimo u Bubiligi.
Prof. Phil Clark wigisha politiki mpuzamahanga muri Kaminuza ya SOAS i Londres agira ati: “Ntabwo mbona isano itaziguye. Ibi byose biri muri politiki yagutse y’u Rwanda yo gushakisha cyane abakekwaho itsembabwoko ku isi. Iki ni cyo kintu cy’ibanze ku Rwanda, rwigiye ku bunararibonye bwa Israel bwo gukomeza guhiga abakekwaho uruhare muri Jenoside yakorewe Abayahudi nyuma y’imyaka ibarirwa muri za mirongo babikoze. ”
Mu gihe Kabuga yabagaho yihishe, aba batatu bandi bari bafite aderese zizwi mu Bubiligi kandi bidegembya.
