Ukuri ku myemerere ya Buddhism abantu benshi bitiranya n’ubupagani

Ubundi aba Buddhism bizera iki?

Abayoboke ba Buddhism ntibizera Imana isumba byose. Bizerako iyi ukoze igikwiye mu gihe cya nyacyo biguha umutuzo no gutambukana umucyo aho uri hose. Ntibizerera mu myuka yera bizera ko umuntu yigira ku bandi icyo ubonye ari cyiza ukakiyoboka ibi mu dini ya Buddhism byitwa ‘nirvana’.

Buddha washinze iri dini, afatwa nk’umugabo wabayeho mu buryo budasanzwe gusa ntiyemerwa nk’Imana nk’uko abenshi babitekereza. Ijambo Buddha bimenyesha Umucyo.

Aba Buddhism kandi bizera ityazabwenge (Meditation) nk’uburyo bumwe bubafasha kuvumbura ukuri .

Muri Buddhism habamo amahame menshi, imitekerereze inyuranye gusa yose igahurira ku kuri, imbabazi nk’ishingiro ryo kuyobokwa na benshi,

Abahanga bakurikiranye inyigisho za Buddism bayifata nk’ishuri mbonezamibereho mu gihe cyose umuntu ari ku Isi.

Buddhism yigisha abantu kwirinda kwihugiraho n’ubuhakanyi

Inyigisho za Buddhism zishingiye ku ihame rya Buddha yise “Karma”. Karma ni bumwe mu buryo umuntu abaho yakora ikibi kikamugaruka, yakora icyiza uyu munsi mu minsi izaza akabona inyungu zacyo (Cause and Effects)

Buddhism kandi yigisha ikanizerera mu cyitwa ubwihindurize (Reincarnation). Ubwihindurize aba Buddhism bizera, bavuga ko iyo umuntu apfuye, roho ye ijya mu wundi mubyeyi utwite, umwana yavuka akavukana isura, imimerere n’imitekerereze nk’iy’uwapfuye, kabone n’ubwo baba badatuye mu gace kamwe.

Abayoboke ba Buddhism bashobora gusengera mu ngo cyangwa mu nsengero (Temple).

Aba Buddhist bizerera mu nkende ( bhikkhus) bavuga ko ari ikimenyetso cy’imyitwarire myiza nk’ubusugi imbere yabo mubana.

Nta kimenyetso cyihariye kiranga imyemerere y’aba Buddhist, gusa akenshi usanga bayivugaho bifashisha bimwe mu bimenyetso nka: ururabo rwa Lotus, umugore ufite amaboko umunani buri ruhande, igiti cya Bodhi, n’ikimenyetso cya Swastika.

Incamake ku mateka ya Siddhartha Gautama ”Buddha washinze imyemerere y’aba Buddhism

Siddharatha Gautama yabayeho mu kinyejana cya 5, Mbere y’ivuka rya Yezu.
Gautama yavukiye mu muryango w’ibwami kuri ubu ni mu gihugu cya Nepal. Amateka avuga ko mu buzima bworoshye Buddha yari abayemo, bwagezaho bukamurambira agahitamo kugenda azerera agerageza no kumva ubuzima bwo hanze y’ibwami uko bumera.

Buddha akimara kuva ibwami yahuye n’ubuzima butoroshye abaturage basanzwe babagamo bwiganjemo ubukene gusa akomeza kubwihanganira no kwigisha abo yahuraga na bo bose kubaho mu buzima bwo hagati, udakize cyane kandi udakennye cyane.

Nyuma y’imyaka irenga 6 Buddha atembera, yaje kubona igisubizo cy’ubuzima mu gihe yari yicaye munsi y’igiti cya Bohdi ari muri “ Meditation”, aho yabonye ko kugira ubeho neza mu Isi ari uko uba ugomba gukora icyo umutimamanama wawe wemera ko ari ukuri.

Kuva icyo gihe, Buddha ubuzima yari asigaje bwose yabumaze yigisha ibijyanye n’iyo mitekerereze yari avumbuye iganisha ku myemerere tuzi uyu munsi yamwitiriwe kuva mu myaka ibihumbi,.

Amateka ya Buddism

Nyuma y’urupfu rwa Gautama mu mwaka wa 483 mbere ya Yezu, bamwe mu bo yigishaga batangiye kwiyegeranya bakora igisa n’urusengero. Kuva ubwo abo bayoboke batangiye kujya bigisha basubiramo zimwe mu nyigisho za Gautama, bakomeza kuzikusanyiriza hamwe bibyara imyemerere ikomeye ya Buddhism ikiriho na n’uyu munsi.

Ahagana mu kinyejana cya 3 mbere y’ivuka rya Yezu, umwami w’abami Ashaka the Great wayoboraga ubwami bw’abami bwa Mauryan mu buhinde, yategetse ko buri buturage w’igihugu cye agomba kwizerera mu myemerere ya Buddha. Kuva icyo gihe mu gihugu hose hubakwa insengero (Temples) bashyiramo ibubumbano n’amashusho abajwe mu isura ya Buddha batangira kujya babyifashisha mu buryo bwo kuramya.

Mu binyejana byakurukiyeho, inyigisho za Buddha zakomeje kugenda zikwirakwira mu bihugu bituranyi by’Ubuhinde cyane cyane ubwami bwari mu burasirazuba, kugeza no mu bwami bw’aba Ming(Ubushinwa) bwari kure cyane y’Ubuhinde.

Ubwoko bw’imyemerere ya Buddism iboneka uyu munsi

Uyu munsi imyemerere ya Buddism igenda itandukanye bitewe n’agace k’Isi ikoreshwamo. Gusa hari ubwoko butatu buhuriweho, umuntu atatinya kwita rusange kuba Buddhist bose.

Umwa mbere ni ubwitwa Theravada: Ubu bwoko bw’imyemerere buboneka cyane mu bihugu nka Thailand, Sri Lanka, Cambodia, Laos na Burma

Hari ubwoko bwa Mahayana: Ubu ni ubwoko bwiganje cyane muri China, Japan, Taiwan, Korea, Singapore na Vietnam.

Hari ubwoko bwa Tibetan Buddhi: Ubu bwo buboneka muri Tibet, Nepal, Mongolia, Bhutan, mu gice gito cya Russia no mu Majyaruguru y’Ubuhinde.

Ibyo twakwita abategeko agenga aba Buddhist ni aya:

• Kutica ikiremwa cyose udashoboye kurema.
• Kutiba.
• Kwirinda ubusambanyi
• Kwirinda ibiyobyabwenge(Inzoga n’Itabi)

Hari uburenganzira bivugwa ko buri mu Buddhist wese agomba kugira

• Uburenganzira bwo gusobanukirwa (Samma ditthi)
• Uburenganzira bwo gutekereza (Samma sankappa)
• Uburenganzira bwo kuvuga (Samma vaca)
• Uburenganzira bwo gukora (Samma kammanta)
• Uburenganzira bwo kubaho (Samma ajiva)
• Uburenganzira bwo gukoresha imbaraga (Samma vayama)
• Uburemnganzira bwo kugira ubwenge (Samma sati)
• Uburenganzira bwo gutuza (Samma samadhi)

Ibitabo bitagatifu by’aba Buddhist ni Tipitaka,Sutras,The Book of the Dead.

Abayoboke ba Buddhism kandi bizerera mu nkende yitwa Dalai Lama. Dalai Kama bizera ko ari umurinzi w’imyizerere yabo, woherejwe na Gautama binyuze mu buryo bwo kongera kuvukira mu wundi muntu (Reincarnation)

Imwe mu minsi mikuru aba Buddist bizihiza, harimo uwitwa Vesak wizihizwa buri mwaka. Aha aba Buddhism bose bizihiza ivuka , ipfa n’ubuzima bw’ubudahemuka Gautama yabaye akiri ku isi.