Uyu munsi ni kuwa Mbere tariki 27 Nyakanga 2020. Ni umunsi wa 209 mu minsi isanzwe igize 2020,. Uyu mwaka urabura iminsi 158 ngo ugere ku musozo. Tariki 27 Nyakanga 1866, Huzuye umuyoboro w’itumananaho rya Telegram uciye mu Nyanja ya Atlantic. Uyu muyoboro wari ufite ibiremetero 2,713, ukaba warahuzaga Amerika n’Uburayi.
Uko itumananaho rya Telegraph ryaje guhindura isi no koroshya imirimo imwe nimwe kugeza ubu
Telegraph ni uburyo bwo korererezanya ubutumwa mu nyandiko amajwi cyangwa ibindi bimenyetso mu ntera ndende. Ibi bimenyetso byose binyura ku migozi miremire cyangwa insinga ziri ku ntera ndende. Ubutumwa bwohererezanywa buciye kuri ubu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga bwitwa “Telegram”
Ubusanzwe amateka atubwirako Telegraph yavumbuwe mu mwaka 1844. Iki gihe umuhanga Samuel Morse yavumbuye ko uramutse ufashe umugozo muremure , ukawurambura neza ku ntera ndende, ushobora kuvuga uri ku ruhande rumwe rw’umugozi , umuntu uhagaze ku mpera z’uwo mugozi akumva ibyo uvuze neza nta makaraza.
Ashingiye kuri iki gitekerezo, Samuel Morse yabonye ko kugirango ubu buryo bugire akamaro cyane ari uko bwahuzwa n’izindi ngufu zishobora kongera umuvuduko byatwaraga kugirango ijwi cyangwa ubundi butumwa utanze muri Telegram bugere kuwo bugenewe bidatinze.
Inyandiko ya Prof. Clare D. McGillem yise the Telegraph Invention/History&Facts , ivuga ko Telegraph yakomeje kwigwaho n’abantu batandukanye mu myaka yakurikiye igitekerezo cya Samuel Morse cyo mu mwaka 1844.
Itumanaho rya Telegraph ubusanzwe hari abaryita itumanaho ry’utudomo, ibi babishingira ku kuba mu iremwa rya Telegraph gagendewe ku butumwa umuntu ashobora gutanga yifashishije utudomo. Biturutse ku nyandiko Morse yanditse yaje kuba ishingiro ry’itumanaho rigezweho , hari inyandiko yamwitiriwe[Alphabets Morse], nkaho iyo wanditse akadomo kamwe uba uvuze inyajwi[e] wakwandika utudomo tubiri[..]ukaba uvuze I n’izindi.
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Iri tonde ry’ibimenyetso ryaje kuvamo uburyo bushya bw’ubutumwa bushobora kuvumburwa n’izindi mashini zabugenewe, zigasohora urupapuro ruriho ubutumwa umuntu akoherereje ari kure yawe.
Igitekerezo cya Morse kimaze guhabwa agaciro, Leta zunze ubumwe z’Amerika zahise zitangiza uburyo bwo kubaka ibikorwaremezo byazafasha mu ishyirwamubikorwa rya Telegraph.
Kugeza kuwa 27 Nyakanga 1866, Amerika yari imaze kuzuza umuyoboro uyihuza n’umugabane w’Uburayi. Ni umuyoboro ureshya n’ibilometero 2,713 wahawe izina rya “Heart’s content”.Uyu muyoboro wahuje umugi wa New York Muri Amerika na Birmingham mu Bwongereza.
Mu mpera z’ikinyejana cya 19 , Amerika n’Uburayi byari bimaze gutera imbere muri iri tumanaho. Ku buryo mu ntangiro z’ikinyejana cya 20 Telegraph yifashishijwe mu bikorwa bikomeye harimo n’intambara z’isi.
Telegraph kandi yaje guhinduka igikoresho gikomeye mu butegetsi bunturanye.Kugeza ubu itumanaho ryinshi dukoresha muri ki gihe, nka SMS, MMS n’izindi zikomoka kuri telegraph.
Uko imisi yakomeje kwicuma kandi iri tumanaho ryagiye risimbuzwa ibindi bikorwa bitandukanye nka Telefoni ngendanwa, mudasobwa n’ibindi bikoresho bigenzweho by’ikoranabuhanga mu guhanahana amakuru.
Magingo aya, gahunda ya mudasobwa yiswe “Telegram” ikoreshwa muri telefoni zigezweho na za mudasobwa yitiriwe ubu buryo bwa kera. Nubwo hari byinshi byaje bishobora gukora nka Telegraph, ntibubujije bamwe mu bategetsi b’ibyamamare nk’umwamikazi w’Ubwongereza Elizabeth kuba bagikoresha ubu buryo bwitumanaho mu buzima bwabo bwa buri musi.
