Codex Gigas (ikomoka mu ijambo ry’Ikigereki Gigas risobanura “ikintu kinini”) ni igitabo na none kizwi nka Bibiliya ya selibi, cyandikishijwe intoki mu kinyejana cya 13 cyanditswe n’umupadiri ubarizwa mu muryango wa Benedigito wo mu kigo cy’abihaye Imana cya Podlažice muri Bohemia, ubu kikaba kiri mu bubiko bw’ibitabo bw’igihugu muri Suede.
Nicyo gitabo kinini ku Isi gifite uburebure bwa centimetero 97 ku bugari bwa centimetero 50, n’ubunini (épaisseur) bwa centimetero 22, kandi gifunyikishijwe uruhu rw’inyana, hamwe n’imitako y’ibyuma. Cyanditswe mu kilatini, kandi cyandikwa n’umwanditsi umwe rukumbi.
Ku ikubitiro Codex Gigas yari igizwe n’impapuro 320 za velom; umunani muri zo zikurwa mu gitabo kubera impamvu itaramenyekanye nk’uko tubiksha Wikipedia ikomeza yemeza ko iki gitabo, Codex Gigas gipima ibiro 75, na none bitewe n’impu n’ibyuma twavuze haruguru.
Niyo Bibiliya nini kurusha izindi zagaragaye mu kinyejana cya 11.
Amateka
Codex Gigas yandikiwe mu kigo cy’abihaye Imana cy’Aba-Benedigito cya Podlažice, hafi ya Chrudim, muri Bohemia, cyashenywe mu kinyejana cya 15 mu gihe cya revolisiyo y’Aba-Hussite. Umugani wo mu kinyejana cya 2 uvuga ko Codex yanditswe n’umumonaki, Herman the Recluse, wishe indahiro z’abihaye Imana maze agakatirwa gufungwa ubuzima bwe bwose.
Kugira ngo ahunge iki gihano giteye ubwoba, ngo “yasezeranyije ko azandika mu ijoro rimwe igitabo gikubiyemo ubumenyi bwose bw’abantu buzatuma izina rya monasiteri yabarizwagamo rimenyekana ahantu hose. Icyakora, ngo mu gicuku yaje kubona ko adashobora gukora ibi byose wenyine maze atakambira Imana mu isengesho ridasanzwe.
Bivugwa ko aho gusubizwa n’Imana, Lusiferi, umumarayika mukuru waguye, abandi bita ,Sekibi, yamwumvishe ikamusanga ikamwizeza ko yamufasha ariko nawe akemera kumwegurira roho ye. Uyu mumonaki yabashije kwandika iki gitabo mu ijoro rimwe abifashijwemo na sekibi, yongeraho ishusho ya satani, nk’ikimenyetso cyo gushimira ubufasha yahawe ”.
Kuba nta kimenyetso na kimwe kivuga ku rupfu rw’Umwami Ottokar wa mbere wa Bohemia, ku ya 15 Ukuboza 1230, byerekana ko iki gitabo gishobora kuba cyararangije kwandikwa mu mpera z’ 1229 cyangwa mu ntangiriro z’ 1230.
Iki gitabo cyaje kuragwa ikigo cy’abihaye Imana cya Cistercian cya Sedlec, hanyuma kigurwa n’ikigo cy’abihaye Imana cya B?evnov. Kuva mu 1477 kugeza 1593, iyi Bibiliya ya Sekibi yari ibitse mu isomero ry’ikigo cy’abapadiri cya Broumov. Mu 1594 iki gitabo cyajyanywe i Prague kinjizwa mu byegeranyo bwite bya Rudolph wa II wa Sainte Empire.
Kunyagwa n’Abanyasuwede mu 1648
Intambara imaze imyaka mirongo itatu irangiye, ibihangano byinshi n’ibintu by’agaciro by’i Prague byajyanwe muri Suede n’ingabo za Suede nk’iminyago yintambara, Codex Gigas ni imwe muri iyo minyago. Kuva mu 1649, iki gitabo kikaba kibitse mu isomero ry’ibwami rya Suede i Stockholm.
Umuriro wo mu 1697
Ku wa gatanu, itariki ya 7 Gicurasi 1697, inkongi y’umuriro yibasiye inyubako y’ibwami i Stockholm, aho isomero ry’ibwami rya Suede ryahangirikiye cyane. Codex Gigas ariko yakijijwe uwo muriro ijugunywa hanze inyujijwe mu idirishya. Ibi byangije igifuniko kandi bituma impapuro nkeya, ziguruka zirabura n’uyu munsi ntiziraboneka. Ubuhamya buvuga ko iki gitabo umuntu cyaguyeho icyo gihe cyamukomerekeje.
Gusubira i Prague
Iki gitabo Guverinoma ya Suede yaje kugitiza umujyi wa Prague ku ya 24 Nzeri 2007, hashize imyaka 359 kibuze, kugira ngo kizamurikwe mu isomero ry’igihugu cya Repubulika ya Tcheque.
Ibirimo
Iki gitabo cyandikishijwe intoki kigizwe: Isezerano rya Kera n’Isezerano Rishya, ibyakozwe na Flavius Josephus, “Etymologies” ya Isidore wa Seville, igitabo cy’ubuvuzi bwakoreshwaga cyane muri “Moyen Âge, igitabo kivuga ku mateka y’Abanyabohemiya “Chronica Boëmorum” guhera mu kinyejana cya 12, ndetse na kalendari. Cyanditse mu kilatini ariko harimo n’Igiheburayo, Ikigereki, ibice biri mu nyuguti za Cyrillic no mu nyuguti za Glagolitike.
Ishusho ya satani igaragara kuri rupapuro rwa 290 aho ahagarariwe wenyine, ahantu hari ubusa; arebana n’igishushanyo cya paradizo, ku rupapuro rwa 289, bityo ugahuza amashusho y’icyiza n’ikibi. Amapaji menshi mbere y’izi yanditse ku mpu zijimye kandi zifite isura idasobanutse. Ni ukubera ko impapuro zakozwe muri vélin. vélin ikozwe mu ruhu rw’inyamaswa, rurushaho koroha iyo rushyizwe ku rumuri rwinshi rw’izuba.
