Abahinzi n’abacuruzi b’ibirayi barasabwa kubahiriza ibiciro byashyizweho birinda abamamyi babakoresha ibyaha mu nyungu zabo, hirengagizwa amabwiriza yashyizweho na Minisiteri y’ubucuruzi n’inganda ku bufatanye na Minisiteri y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi.
Ni amabwiriza ku biciro by’ umuceri , Kawunga ndetse n’ibirayi yasohotse ku wa 19 Mata 2023 agaragaza uko buri gicuruzwa kigomba kugurishwa ku muturage ariko birangira bamwe mu bacuruzi banze kubahiriza ayo mabwiriza ahubwo bagahitamo guhisha ibyo bicuruzwa byabo nk’imiceri na Kawunga kugira ngo bajye babigurisha rwihishwa mu gihe bamwe mu bahinzi b’ibirayi banga kubikura ngo babijyane ku isoko bitwaje ko igiciro kiri hasi ukurikije uko bashoye muri ubwo buhinzi bwabo.
Ubumamyi bw’ibirayi buvugwa mu ntara y’amajyaruguru n’iy’uburengerazuba no guhanika ibiciro ni byo byahagurukije Minisitiri w’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi, Dr. Musafiri Ildephonse na Minisitiri w’ubucuruzi n’inganda, Dr Ngabitsinze Jean Chyrisostome ngo harebwe icyakorwa ibyo biciro bihanitse n’ibura ry’ibirayi bivugutirwe umuti urambye.
Ku mizamukire y’igiciro cy’ibirayi n’ibura ryabyo bikunze kugaragara mu mirenge itatu ihinga ibirayi cyane izwi nk’imirenge y’amakoro, ikoze kuri Pariki y’Ibirunga ari yo: Gahunga, Rugarama na Cyanika mu gihe indi mirenge ariyo Kinoni, Kagogo, Kinyababa, Butaro, Ruhunde, Bungwe, Cyeru, Rwerere, Gatebe, Kivuye na Nemba nayo bahinga ibirayi yo mu karere ka Burera na Kinigi, Gataraga na Shingiro yo mu karere ka Musanze, yose yo mu ntara y’amajyaruguru ndetse no mu turere twa Nyabihu na Rubavu, mu ntara y’iburengerazuba ariko kuri ubu bakaba babangamiwe n’abamamyi babibisha iminzani itujuje ubuziranenge ndetse bagacikana amafaranga yabo atanu kuri buri kilo (5 frw/kg) asigara muri Koperative binyuze mu ikusanyirizo, aho umunyamuryango abona ubwasisi bijyanye n’umusaruro yagemuye bityo, agatangirwa ubwisungane mu kwivuza (Mituelle de sante), Ejo Heza buri kwezi n’ubwishingizi bw’imyaka yabo buzwi nka ’Tekana Muhinzi Urishingiwe’.
Umumamyi aratungwa agatoki
Nkuko babisobanuriye umunyamakuru wa BWIZA ngo umumamyi ni umuntu wihaye inshingano zo guhuza umuguzi (umucuruzi) n’ugurisha (umuhinzi) agamije kubiba [ubujura] bombi kandi imirimo y’igura n’igurisha yarahariwe amakoperative n’amakusanyirizo abahinzi bishiriyeho. Ibi, umumamyi abikora akoresheje kumwiba ibiro no guteza akajagari mu biciro ndetse rimwe na rimwe akambura umuhinzi.
Nkuko BWIZA yakomeje ibibwirwa na bamwe mu bahinzi n’abacuruzi b’ibirayi ngo abo bamamyi akenshi baboneka hafi y’imipaka y’u Rwanda n’ibindi bihugu, aho u Rwanda ruhana imbibi n’igihugu cya Uganda (Mu mirenge ya Cyanika, Kagogo, Kinyababa , Butaro, Kivuye na Bungwe mu gihe ku mupaka wa Repubulika iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo n’u Rwanda havugwa imirenge ya Mudende, Migeshi na Cyanzarwe, hose hakaba haca ibirayi bigiye kugurishwa muri ibyo bihugu ku giciro cyo hejuru babigomwe abanyarwanda ngo nuko babagurira ku giciro cyo hasi.
Nyuma yo kumva ibitekerezo n’ibyifuzo by’abahinzi n’abacuruzi b’ibirayi , Minisitiri Musafiri Minisitiri Ngabitsinze bafatiye hamwe imyanzuro iboneye kandi itabangamiye n’umwe mu bahinzi, abacuruzi cyangwa abaguzi (Consumers) maze bemeranya ko ikilo cy’ibirayi bya Kinigi byajya bigura amafaranga magana ane (400 frw) ndetse hakajya hishyurwa igiceri cy’amafaranga atanu (5 frws/ kg) kuri buri mucuruzi wese uguriye ibirayi kuri Koperative [ikusanyirizo] kuko ari aya serivisi azaba ahawe harimo imifuka, ubudodo bafungishije imifuka, abapakizi n’umunzani wapimishijwe.
Minisitiri Ngabitsinze yagize ati "Ibirayi bya Kinigi ni byo byonyine twasanze bifite ikibazo, bityo niyo mpamvu twumvikanye n’abahinzi ndetse n’abacuruzi ko byajya bigura amafaranga magana ane(400frw) ku muhinzi ariko umucuruzi ubiguriye kuri koperative akajya yishyura n’amafaranga atanu kuri buri kilo ya serivisi ahawe kugira ngo yinjire mu sanduku ya Koperative mu gihe utaguriye kuri Koperative ntayo agomba kwishyuzwa kubera yaguze n’umuhinzi udakorana na Koperative."
Ku bindi biribwa byagabanirijwe ibiciro, birimo umuceri na Kawunga , Minisitiri Ngabitsinze yakomeje agira ati; "Ibiciro byashyizweho ni ntayegayezwa (Fixes) ari na yo mpamvu bitagomba kuvangirwa n’aba bamamyi batera akajagari mu bucuruzi. Bityo, tugasaba buri wese mu bacuruzi ko yafata amafaranga yemejwe ariko abamamyi bakamaganirwa kure kuko aribo batera urujijo n’akajagari mu bucuruzi kuko n’inzira zitazwi mu mategeko zizwi nka Panya, abazazifatirwamo bazabihanirwa cyane ko imipaka ikoreshwa mu buryo bw’ubuhahirane izwi. Ikindi, ku bacuruzi bahisha umuceri na Kawunga mu karere ka Musanze kandi byaragabanirijwe ibiciro, bagamije kwiba abaturage, na bo nibafatwa bazabibazwa kuko barahemukira abaturage kandi burya ’Agapfa kaburiwe ni impongo’ ; abayobozi b’inzego z’ibanze, abanyamakuru n’abandi batubera ijisho bakajya batubwira aho babibonye, ubundi tubakurikirane."
Mugenzi we Minisitiri Musafiri Ildephonse yatangaje ko bahuye n’abahinzi, abatubuzi b’imbuto y’ibirayi ndetse n’abacuruzi babyo kugira ngo harembwe uburyo hazamurwa ingano y’umusaruro kuri hegitari kuko byamaze kugaragara ko ugenda uba muke mu turere twose (Musanze, Rubavu, Burera na Gicumbi).
Yagize ati: "Duhura n’ibyiciro bitandukanye ku mihingire y’ibirayi, twari tugamije kureba uko twakongera imbaraga mu buhinzi bw’ibirayi hakoreshwa ifumbire y’imborera, kongera abatubuzi b’imbuto no kubigisha uko bayitubura cyane ko mu bushakashatsi twakoze, tumaze kubona ubwoko bw’ibirayi bugera kuti 20 bwakwera mu Rwanda. Turifuza rero ko twabugerageza twifashishije bamwe mu batubuzi bizewe kandi bashoboye kugira ngo mu gihe cya vuba tutazongera guhura n’ikibazo cy’ibura ry’imbuto y’ibirayi, bityo tukazamura umusaruro wabyo kuri hegitari."
Mu gusoza, Dr. Musafiri Ildephonse yasabye abahinzi kujya bahinga ariko bakibuka gushingana imyaka yabo baba bahinze kuko iyo ibiza byaje bataviramo aho. Ati: "Ubwishingizi bw’ibihingwa ni uguteganya ’Probabilite’ kuko tutaragira ubushobozi bwo gupima ikirere ariko umuhinzi ashobora kujya mu bwishingizi bw’igishoro noneho na Leta ikamwishyurira 40% bityo yaramuka agize ikibazo cy’ibiza mu myaka ye, Sosiyete y’ubwishingizi ikamwishyura nta yandi mananiza."
Umuyobozi wa Koperative y’abahinzi b’ibirayi ikorera mu karere ka Nyabihu, Jotham, yatangaje ko igiciro cy’amafaranga 400 ku kilo cy’ibirayi bya Kinigi ku muhinzi atari menshi kandi ko no gutanga atanu (5 frw) ya serivisi kuri Koperative ikugurishije nta kibazo babifiteho nka Koperative yabo kuko abafasha mu mikorere yabo.
Yagize ati: "Igiciro cyashyizweho cy’amafaranga 400 ku kilo cy’ibirayi bya Kinigi nta kibazo tugifiteho ndetse n’amafaranga atanu ku kilo asigara ku ikusanyirizo atangwa n’umucuruzi si umusoro nk’uko abadasobanukiwe iby’ubucuruzi bw’ibirayi bayita ahubwo ni amafaranga agenda ku mirimo ikorerwa ku ikusanyirizo harimo kwegeranya umusaruro w’ibirayi, guhemba abakozi ba koperative barimo umubaruramari, abapimurira abaguzi, ndetse n’ayo gushaka abakiriya cyangwa ay’itumanaho."
Mugenzi we Gafaranga Joseph uyobora urugaga imbaraga na we yavuze ko amafaranga 400 nta kibazo ateye ahubwo we yagize impungenge ko gishobora kuzazamuka cyangwa kigahanuka kubera ingamba zirigufatwa cyangwa kikazamuka kubera imihindagurikire y’ibihe.
Yagize ati: "Amafaranga 400 ni igiciro cyiza ariko twakwifuza ko cyahamaho kuko dushobora kubona umusaruro mwinshi mu minsi iri imbere, igiciro kikagabanuka ariko na none byaba bike mu kwezi kwa munani kikiyongera. Bibaye rero, twajya duhura, tukakigabanya cyangwa tukacyongera."
Gafaranga arifuza ko Minisiteri y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi yabafasha kubona ishwagara kubera ubutaka bumaze gusharira no gushishikariza abaturage guhinduranya ibihingwa. Yagize ati: "Gukoresha ifumbire mvaruganda nyinshi kurusha iy’imborera byateye ubutaka bwacu kugira ubusharire, bityo dushizemo ishwagara, twarushaho kweza neza. Ikindi twasaba nuko Minisiteri y’ubuhinzi yadufasha gushishikariza abaturage guhinga bahinduranya ibihingwa mu mirima ndetse no kongera abatubuzi b’imbuto y’ibirayi."
Ku ruhande rw’abamamyi, byagaragaye ko amagare ari yo akunda kwambutsa ibirayi abijyana muri Uganda bityo ngo akaba yakagombye kujya abikura ku makusanyirizo kugira ngo hishyurwe na ya mafaranga atanu, noneho umunyamuryango agatangirwa ubwisungane mu kwivuza, agatangirwa kandi Ejo Heza buri kwezi ndetse buri gihembwe cy’ihinga akishyurirwa ubwishingizi bita "Tekana Muhinzi Urishingiwe" ndetse n’abakozi ba Koperative bagahembwa.
Ngo urugero, Koperative KOABUTA na COAIRUGA zo mu murenge wa Butaro zifite abanyamuryango bakabakaba 1500 bakorera ubuhinzi bw’ibirayi mu gishanga cya Kamiranzovu, aho abahinzi baho bakorerwa biriya byose, ubu bakaba bagenda biteza imbere k’uburyo ubuhinzi bwabo bubungura bitandukanye n’igihe cy’ubumamyi.
Kugeza ubu, u Rwanda rwaje ku mwanya wa gatatu ku Isi mu bihugu byagaragayemo itumbagira rikabije ry’ibiciro by’ibiribwa mu mezi 12 ashize, nk’uko bigaragazwa n’imibare mishya ya Banki y’Isi. Icyakora abahanga mu bukungu bavuga ko ingamba ziherutse gufatwa n’iziri gufatwa, zishobora koroshya uburemere bw’iki kibazo mu gihe gito. Iyi mibare yo kuva mu kwezi kwa Mata 2022 kugeza muri Werurwe 2023, igaragaza ko ibiciro by’ibicuruzwa bikomoka ku buhinzi byatumbagiye ku isoko mpuzamahanga.
Banki y’Isi ikaba ishimangira ko ibyo byatewe n’uko kuva muri Mata kugeza muri Kamena 2022, ari bwo ibiciro by’ibiribwa byazamutse ku rugero ruri munsi ya 30% na ho muri Nyakanga 2022, ibiciro bizamuka ku kigero cya 32.7%, mu gihe ukwezi kwakurikiyeho byageze kuri 34.5%.
Kuva icyo gihe umuvuduko warakomeje winjira muri za 40 na 50%. Bityo, ukwezi basorejeho gukora igenzura ni ukwa Werurwe 2023, aho ibipimo byagaragaje ko ibiciro by’ibiribwa mu Rwanda byageze kuri 62.6%.
Muri ayo mezi yose uko ari 12, ukwezi kw’Ugushyingo 2022 ni ko kwagize itumbagira ry’ibiciro rikabije mu Rwanda. Iyi mibare igaragaza ko icyo gihe ibiciro by’ibiribwa ku masoko yo mu Rwanda byageze ku rugero ra 64.4%.
Ni muri urwo rwego Guverinoma y’u Rwanda iherutse gukura umusoro ku nyongeragaciro ku bicuruzwa birimo umuceri n’ifu y’ibigori (Kawunga), bikaba ari bumwe mu buryo u Rwanda rwashyizeho bwo guhangana n’izamuka ry’ibiciro ku isoko, hakiyongeraho gushyiraho ibiciro ntarengwa ku biribwa birimo n’ibirayi.
Impuguke mu by’ubukungu, Dr Fidèle Mutemberezi wigisha ubukungu muri Kaminuza y’u Rwanda, iherutse gutangariza TV10 ko izi ngamba zizagira icyo zitanga ariko ko zidahagije mu guhangana n’itumbagira ry’ibiciro by’ibiribwa ku isoko ry’u Rwanda. Yagize ati: "Biriya byemezo bishobora gutanga umusaruro mu gihe gito; ntabwo bishobora gutanga umuti w’igihe kirekire. Igisubizo cya nyacyo ni icyo kongera umusaruro kugira ngo ibyo abaturage bakeneye babibone, byaba mu gihugu cyangwa mu bihugu bitari kure, kuko iyo ugiye gushaka ibintu kure byongera igiciro.”
Muri urwo rugendo rwo gushaka igisubizo kirambye; Banki y’Isi ishimangira ko ibiciro by’ibiribwa byagabanutse mu bindi bihugu kubera ko bafashe ingamba zikomeye zo guhangana n’ingaruka z’intambara y’u Burusiya na Ukraine. Ibyo birimo nka Tanzania, byashyize amafaranga menshi mu gushaka ifumbire, n’uburyo bwo kuyigeza ku baturage ku giciro gito. Ibyo byatumye bongera umusaruro ukomoka ku buhinzi.
Amakuru yizewe agera kiri BWIZA ni uko mu minsi yashize mu ntara y’Amajyaruguru hanavuzwe ikibazo cy’inyongeramusaruro, imbuto n’amafumbire, byagiye byambutswa umupaka w’u Rwanda na Uganda, bikozwe n’abamamyi bazobereye kuwunyuraho mu buryo bw’amanyanga cyangwa budakurikije amategeko.
1 Ibitekerezo
EMMY Kuwa 04/05/23
Nibyiza ko ABAYOBOZI BABIKURIKIRANA , ariko bajye batekereza no kumuhinzi waguze imbuto kuko yaguriwe ku gicyiro gihanitse pe, ni murengere umucuruzi murengere n’umuguzi.
Subiza ⇾Tanga igitekerezo