Idi Amin Dada ni umwe mu bayoboye Uganda hagati y’ 1971 kugeza mu 1979, avugwa mu mateka ko yaranzwe no gutegekesha igitugu n’ubushotoranyi bukabije ku bihugu by’ibituranyi bwagejeje ku ntambara hagati y’igihugu cye na Tanzania mu 1979, ariko mbere yaho mu 1976 akaba yarashatse gushoza intambara kuri Kenya iyobowe na Jomo Kenyatta mbere yo gukangwa n’akarasisi k’indege z’intambara za Amerika mu kirere cya Kenya ari nabyo tugiye kugarukaho.
Hari muri Gashyantare mu 1976 ubwo Idi Amin yarakazaga bikomeye Abanyakenya avuga ko igice kinini cya Kenya ari icya Uganda. Nyuma y’iminsi mikeya atangaje ibi, habayeho imyigaragambyo ikomeye yateguwe ahitwa Nairobi’s Uhuru Park, aho Perezida Mzee Jomo Kenyatta nawe yatangazaga ko Kenya izakoresha ubugome mu guhangana n’abaturanyi bagaragaje ku mugaragaro “imigambi yabo mibi.
Nubwo Idi Amin yasobanuye ko nta mugambi afite wo kujya mu ntambara yandikiye Umwamikazi w’u Bwongereza asaba ibisobanuro mu gihe Kenya yo yari ifite ubwoba.
Bivugwa ko Amin yoshywaga na Perezida wa Somalia, Mohamed Siad Barre nawe wavugaga ko hari igice cy’amajyaruguru y’uburasirazuba bwa Kenya cyakagombye kuba icya Somalia.
Muri icyo gihe, abayobozi muri guverinoma bari bafite impungenge z’uko Kenya itabasha guhagarara imbere ya Uganda, yari ifite indege z’intambara zakorewe mu Burusiya n’ibimodoka by’intambara by’mitamenwa bigera kuri 27, bafashe icyemezo cyo kwegera Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika ngo zibahe ubufasha.
Ubwoba bwa Kenya bwagaragaye muri telegaramu no mu nyandiko-mvugo zibitse mu bubiko bwa Minisiteri y’ububanyi n’amahanga ya Amerika nk’uko tubikesha ikinyamakuru The Citizen.
Ku itariki 20 Gashyantare 1976, umunsi umwe nyuma y’imyigaragambyo yabereye I Nairobi, uwari visi perezida wa Kenya, Daniel Arap Moi, ku mabwiriza ya Jomo Kenyatta, yahamagaje Ambasaderi wa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika muri Kenya, Antony Marshall ngo baganire ku kuntu Amerika yaha Kenya inkunga y’amafaranga ndetse n’iya gisirikare.
Indege z’intambara
Arap Moi yamenyesheje Ambasaderi Marshall ko nubwo Kenya ifitanye ubufatanye mu bya gisirikare n’u Bwongereza kubera ubushotoranyi bwa Somalia, nta cyizere cy’uko inkunga nk’iyi yari kuboneka mu gihe igihugu cye cyari kuba gitewe na Uganda.
Yasobanuye ko uburyo rukumbi bwo guhangana na Amin ari uko Kenya yakongera ubushobozi bwayo bwo kwirinda.
Kenyatta akaba yarifuzaga cyane ko Kenya yahabwa indege z’intambara zo mu bwoko bwa F-5E, ariko akaba yari yiteguye inkunga yose Amerika yabatera kandi intumwa zari zamaze koherezwa muri Amerika ngo zigirane ibiganiro n’abayobozi bakuru kuri iki kibazo.
Mu gihe inama yari irimbanyije, Amb. Marshall yahishuriye Moi ko binyuze mu nteko ishinga amategeko, Amerika yahaye Kenya inkunga y’inguzanyo ya miliyoni 45 z’Amadolari yo gutera inkunga igisirikare, icyakora, hazavaho miliyoni 20 z’amadolari mu gihe Kenya yagura indege z’indwanyi za F-5E, kandi igihe cyo kuyitanga (iyo nkunga) kikaba amezi 24.
Aya makuru yanejeje Moi wahise utegurira rendez-vous ambasaderi wa Amerika wayigereje ubwe kuri Perezida Kenyatta ku itariki 24 Gashyantare. Ikintu kimwe gusa kitabanejeje n’uko iyo nkunga yari kubageraho itinze .
Hashize amezi abiri, Henry Kissinger wari Umunyamabanga wa leta wa Amerika yasuye Kenya mu ruzinduko rw’akazi, aho yatangaje ko yifuzaga kureba aho Amerika yafasha inshuti zabo muri Afurika.
Icyo gihe yabwiye Perezida Kenyatta ati: “njyewe, Umunyamabanga wa leta, ndifuza kuvugana namwe mu bwisanzure mu mutwe. Ntacyo dushinja Kenya”.
Inkunga y’inyongera
Mu gihe yari akomeje kugaragaza ko yishimiye inkunga ya miliyoni 45$, Kenyatta yasabye ko yahabwa izindi miliyoni 20$ yo gufasha Kenya kugura za ndege z’intambara za F-5E yifuzaga ko zagera muri Kenya byihuse bishoboka, aho yagiraga ati: “Abaturanyi bacu bafite bikwije intwaro kugeza ku menyo” (“Our neighbours are armed to the teeth”).
Ambasaderi Marshall , nawe wari aho, yagerageje kumvikanisha ko gutoza abapilote bazatwara izi ndege nabyo ari ngombwa mbere y’uko zigera muri Kenya, ariko Kenyatta yumvikanisha ko bakeneye izi ndege nubwo abapilote baba bataratozwa.
Kissinger yijeje kubyigaho ari kumwe na minisitiri w’ingabo, anasezeranya Kenya indi nkunga ya miliyoni 20$, bigeza kuri miliyoni 65$ y’umwenda Kenya yari igiyemo Amerika yo kongera ubushobozi bw’igisirikare cyayo.
Bitewe n’impungenge Kenya yagaragazaga icyo gihe, Amerika yagerageje gushakira Igisirikare cyo mu kirere cya Kenya indege z’intambara zo mu bwoko bwa F-5A, zafatwaga nk’izihendutse kandi zabashaga kuboneka muri icyo gihe kugeza ubwo F-5E zari kuba zabonetse, ariko ntibyakunda.
Iyi kandi ngo yari inshuro ya kabiri Amerika igerageje gushakira Kenya izi ndege z’indwanyi zo mu bwoko bwa F-5A. Bwa mbere hari mu 1975, ubwo Amerika yashakaga gukura izi ndege muri Iran ariko bikanga nyuma y’aho abayobozi ba Iran bangiye kwemeza amasezerano kuko bari barazemereye Jordan.
Kera kabaye, ku itariki 16 kamena 1976, uwari minisitiri w’ingabo wa Amerika, Donald Rumsfeld nawe yasesekaye muri Kenya atangaza ku mugaragaro igurishwa ry’indege 12 z’intambara zo mu bwoko bwa F-5E mu masezerano ya mbere yari magari yari abaye hagati ya Washington n’igihugu kiri kuzamuka muri Afurika. Gusa, n’ubundi izo ndege zari kuboneka mu gihe cy’imyaka ibiri.
Kurushaho kwangirika k’umubano wa Kenya na Uganda
Umwuka mubi warushijeho gututumba hagati ya Kenya na Uganda ahanini bitewe n’impamvu ebyiri. Igitero cya Israel ku kibuga cy’indege cya Entebbe no gukumira ibicuruzwa bya Uganda.
Mu ijambo rye yanyujije kuri radio y’igihugu, Amin yijujutiye ko mu gihe cy’igitero kuri Entebbe (Operation Entebbe cyangwa Operation Thunderbolt), Israel yari yateguye abakomando bari baryamiye amajanja muri Kenya biteguye kwinjira muri Uganda gukomeza imirwano mu gihe itsinda rya mbere ryoherejwe ryari kuba rinaniwe.
Yashinje kandi Kenya gukumira ibigega bigera kuri 200 bya peteroli n’izindi modoka z’ibicuruzwa bya Uganda ndetse atanga ikirego ku muryango w’Ubumwe bwa Afurika awusaba kugira icyo ukora mbere y’uko afata icyemezo gishobora kuba kibi.
Uwari minisitiri w’ububanyi n’amahanga wa Kenya, Munyua Waiyaki yasubije ashinja Idi Amin gushaka urwitwazo rwo kujya mu ntambara, amuburira agira ati: “Naramuka ateye Kenya, Kenya bizaba ngombwa ko ikoresha ingufu zayo zose mu kwirinda.”
Nubwo Kenya yasaga nk’iyihagararaho, guverinoma yongeye kwegera Amerika. Byatumye Amb. Marshall asura ingoro ya perezida ku itariki 04 Nyakanga 1976, ajyanye ubutumwa budasanzwe buvuye kuri Henry Kissinger bwizezaga kuzahagarara iruhande rwa Kenya mu gihe yaba itewe.
Inyandiko zibitse z’ibyavugiwe muri iyo nama zivuga ko Kenyatta wanejejwe n’ubwo butumwa yasabye Marshall kongera kubusoma ngo yumve ko atumvishe nabi, maze agira ati: “Sinabona amagambo yo kumushimira (Kissinger).”
Ubwo Kenyatta yahise abaza Marshall ubufasha Amerika yiteguye guha Kenya bwo guhangana ‘iterabwoba rya Amin. Ubwo Marshall yasubizaga ko muri rusange byaterwa n’ikibazo gihari, Kenyatta yamusabye gupfa kuvuga uko abyumva.
Mu kumusubiza, Marshall yavuze ko Amerika ishobora gushyira amato y’intambara I Mombasa, ariko yongeraho ko ibi ari ko abyumva ku giti cye.
Amakuru ashimishije
Ubwo marshall yabazaga niba Amin ashobora gutera Kenya kubera ko yafatanyije na Israel, Kenyatta yasubije ati: “Ahari. Birashoboka cyane.”
Hashize iminsi ibiri, Marshall yasubiye ku ngoro ya Perezida Kenyatta ajyanye amakuru meza aturutse kuri Kissinger yavugaga ko Amerika yemeye kohereza indege y’intambara ya P-3 I Nairobi ndetse no kohereza ubwato bw’intambara ku Cyambu cya Mombasa.
Indege ya gisirikare yo mu bwoko bwa Lockhead P-3 zakorewe ubutasi bwo mu nyanja no kurwanya ibitero bya ’submarines’
Kenyatta aya makuru yaramushimishije maze agira ati: “Byiza cyane! Byiza cyane! Byiza cyane!”
Yakomeje agira ati: “Sinzi icyo uyu mugabo Amin ashobora gufata icyemezo cyo gukora. Ntabwo nizeye neza ko igitero ari nta gisibya. Sinshaka kuvuga ikintu nyuma gishobora kuzaba atari cyo.”
Kenyatta yanasabye Amb. Marshall kumubariza Kissinger niba hari ukuntu Amerika yazagaragaza iki kibazo muri Loni, akomeza agira ati: “Ubwo uyu mugenzi wacu (Amin) azamenya ko hari inshuti z’ingenzi kandi zifite ingufu dufite.”
Mzee Kenyatta yakomeje agira ati: “Kuri bamwe bishobora kugaragara nka poropaganda ya politiki, ariko bizaba ari ubufasha bukomeye kuri twe”.
Hagati aho, Umuryango w’Ubumwe bwa Afurika (OUA) wari washinze komite idasanzwe iyobowe n’Umunyamabanga Mukuru wawo, William Eteki Mboumoua, hagamijwe guhosha umwuka mubi hagati y’ibihugu byombi.
Ku itariki ya 31 Nyakanga 1976, Mboumoua yageze muri Kenya asura ahitwa Gatundu ajyanyeyo ubutumwa bwa Amin, ariko ntihagira icyo bitanga. Uyu wari nk’umuhuza muri Kenya yashinjwe kubogamira kuri Uganda nyuma yo gutangaza ko ibura ry’ibikomoka kuri peteroli muri Uganda ryatewe na Kenya.
Indege z’intambara za Amerika mu kirere cya Kenya
Igihugu cya Kenya cyari kimaze kwizera ubufasha bwa Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, cyashyize ahagaragara ibintu birindwi byagombaga kubahirizwa kugirango umubano wacyo na Uganda usubire mu buryo.
Muri byo, harimo ko Uganda yagombaga gukura ingabo zayo ku mupaka na Kenya, no kwishyura miliyoni 54$ y’ibicuruzwa n’ibikomoka kuri peteroli byanyuze ku Cyambu cya Mombasa.
Mu gihe Amin yagaragaraga nk’utiteguye gushyira mu bikorwa ibyo yasabwaga na Kenya, muri Nzeri ubwo Kissinger yasubiraga muri Kenya, Kenyatta yamubajije niba byashoboka ko indege z’intambara za Amerika zazakora akarasisi mu kirere cya Kenya ubwo iki gihugu cyari kuba kizihiza Umunsi wa Repubulika (Jamhuri Day).
Ibi yongeye kubisaba mu ibaruwa yandikiye Perezida Gerald Ford asubika uruzinduko yari yasabwe gukorera muri Amerika, Perezida Ford amusubiza agira ati: “Turi gukurikirana imyiteguro ngo tuzuzuze ubusabe bwanyu bwo guca mu kirere ku Munsi wa Repubulika, tariki 12 Ukuboza. Tuzakomeza kuvugana namwe kuri iki kibazo.”
Kuri uwo munsi wa Repubulika, tariki 12 Ukuboza 1976, indege z’intambara z’igisirikare cya Amerika zanyuze mu kirere cya Kenya mu buryo bw’imyiyereko ijyanye n’ibirori, ariko bifatwa na none nka gasopo kuri Idi Amin.
Icyo gihe Kenyatta akaba yarazamuye ingofero mu kirere ubwo izi ndege zagejejwe ku Cyambu cya Mombasa n‘ubwato bwa gisirikare, USS Guam, zanyuraga mu kirere cya Nairobi mu matsinda ndetse n’imwe imwe mu buryo bw’imyiyereko.
Amaze kubibona, Idi Amin yatangiye kugabanya amajwi y’impuruza y’ingoma ze z’intambara, nyuma y’ibyumweru bikeya yandikira Umuryango w’Ubumwe bwa Afurika avuga ko “Uganda itigeze irota ibikorwa byose byo guhungabanya abaturage b’abaturanyi n’abavandimwe ba Kenya”.
Wikipedia ivuga ko ubushyamirane hagati ya Uganda na Kenya bugeze ku ndunduro, Amin yatangaje ko azakora iperereza ku bishoboka ko ibice byo mu majyepfo ya Sudani no mu burengerazuba no hagati ya Kenya, bigera nko mu birometero 32 uvuye i Nairobi, mu mateka byari bimwe mu bice bya Uganda mu gihe cya gikoloni.
Nyuma y’imyaka ibiri ibi bibaye, mu Ukwakira 1978 kugeza muri Kamena 1979, hadutse intambara noneho yeruye hagati ya Uganda n’ikindi gihugu cy’igituranyi cya Tanzania ishojwe n’ubushotoranyi bwa Idi Amin ubwo yigaruriraga igice cya Tanzania cya Kagera, intambara yarangiye anavanwe ku butegetsi n’inyeshyamba zari ziyobowe na Obote na Museveni zifatanyije n’ingabo zafashijwe n’ingabo za Tanzania.
2 Ibitekerezo
John John Kuwa 03/06/20
Mwiriweho.
Subiza ⇾Congratulations rwose ku munyamakuru wanditse iyi nkuru...Ikoze neza cyane, wagirango ni film...Yerekanye ubuhanga.
Bravo.
karekezi Kuwa 03/06/20
Urakoze cyane munyamakuru.Ni inkuru icukumbuye cyane.Gusa nta na rimwe Intambara zikemura ibibazo burundu.Urugero,nyuma y’ibi,Museveni yarwanye na Obote kandi barafatanyije guhirika Idi Amin.Statistics zerekana ko kuva isi yabaho,intambara zimaze guhitana abantu bagera kuli 1 billion/milliard.Ahanini kubera inzara n’indwara biterwa n’intambara.Umuhanga watumye bakora atomic bomb,Albert Einstein, yaravuze ati:”Ikintu cyonyine cyakuraho intambara nuko,abantu bakanga kurwana”. (Nothing will end wars unless people refuse to go to war).Bihuye n’ibyo bible ivuga yuko abakristu nyakuri batajya mu ntambara z’iyi si, kubera ko Yesu yabujije kwica no kurwana.Yavuze ko abakristu nyabo bazarangwa no gukundana,ndetse bagakunda n’abanzi babo nkuko Matayo 5,umurongo wa 44 havuga. Abantu bose babaye abakristu nyakuri,intambara zose zahagarara.Imana yanga umuntu wese uvusha amaraso y’abantu.Bisome muli Zaburi 5,umurongo wa 6 .Nkuko bibiliya ivuga,ku munsi w’imperuka Imana izakuraho intambara zose,itwike n’intwaro zose.Kuli uwo munsi kandi,Imana izakura mu isi abantu bose bakora ibyo itubuza, harimo n’abarwana .Nguwo umuti rukumbi w’intambara zose zibera mu isi.
Subiza ⇾Tanga igitekerezo